Critical Study on Incremental Static Analysis of 2D Flow, by Inter-Colliding Point-Particles, by Use of In-Compressible Rhombic Element | Chapter 5 | Recent Developments in Engineering Research Vol.5

 For incremental static analysis of a collection of inter-colliding particles, simulating 2D flow, a simple method is suggested. Numerical experiments show that the proposed approach converges to a final equilibrium state if the liquid is confined within the borders of a collection of inter-communicating vessels. As a first approximation to the 2D motion of a liquid, this incremental static analysis approximates dynamic behaviour with good damping and can provide data. A rhombic feature is suggested in the initial arrangement of particles, which ensures adequate in-compressibility of the fluid. A simple and short computer programme (a "pocket" programme) has been developed based on the proposed algorithm, with only about 120 Fortran instructions. Second, this software refers to a quantity of liquid stored in a single vessel. In the final liquid equilibrium state, the hydro-static distribution In a satisfactory approximation with corresponding theoretical data, pressure on vessel boundaries obtained by the proposed computational model is found. Then, at the bottom of the vertical boundary of the original vessel, an opening is created, and the liquid is allowed to flow gradually to the adjacent vessel. Almost the entire quantity of liquid is moved from the first to the second vessel, with the exception of a few drop-particles, which remain at the bottom of the initial vessel in equilibrium. In the final liquid equilibrium state, the free surface level of the liquid in the second vessel confirms that the proposed rhombic feature ensures the fluid 's satisfactory in-compressibility.

Author (s) Details

P. G. Papadopoulos
Department of Civil Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.

Christopher G. Koutitas
Department of Civil Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.

Panos P. Lazaridis
Department of Civil Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.

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Recent Assessment and Analysis of Damping Derivatives for Delta Wings in Hypersonic Flow for Curved Leading Edges with Full Sine Wave | Chapter 10 | Recent Developments in Engineering Research Vol.5

 Because of the pitch rate for the different amplitude of the sinus wave, flow deflection angle δ, pivot position, and the Mach numbers, this paper presents the influence of curved leading edges on the damping derivative. Results show that there is a gradual rise in the pitch damping derivatives from h = 0 with the rise in the amplitude of the maximum sine wave (i.e. positive amplitude), which decreases later in the downstream to the trailing edge before the centre of pressure is located and vice versa. There is an increase in the numerical values of the derivatives at the pressure centre position, when we consider the stability derivatives at damping for the pitch q rate. In nature, this increase is non-linear and not like the location near the leading edges. Due to the differences in the Mach numbers, flow deflection angle δ, and amplitude of the sinusoidal wave, the magnitude of the damping derivatives remained in the same range.

Author (s) Details

Renita Sharon Monis
Mathematics Department, M.I.T.E, Moodabidri, Karnataka, India, affiliated to VTU Belgaum and SMVITM, Bantakal, Karnataka, India, affliated to VTU Belgaum.

Dr. Asha Crasta
Mathematics Department, M.I.T.E, Moodabidri, Karnataka, India, affiliated to VTU Belgaum.

Sher Afghan Khan
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, IIUM, Gombak Campus, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

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Emphasizing on Design, Control and in situ Visualization of Gas Nitriding Processes | Chapter 9 | Recent Developments in Engineering Research Vol.5

 The article describes a complex method of design, in situ visualisation and control of the surface treatment process widely used: the process of gas nitriding. As a result, the possibilities of poly-optimization and poly-parametric simulations of the direction of the process were obtained, together with a visualisation of the value changes of the time function process parameters, as well as the possibilities of predicting the properties of nitrided layers. Computer procedures have been developed to make use of the effects of the correlations of direct and differential voltage and time runs of the process result sensor (magnetic sensor) with the correct stage of layer growth for in situ visualisation of the growth of the nitrided layer. Computer procedures allow the reported voltage and time runs to be combined with the process models over the length of the process.

Author (s) Details

Professor Jerzy Ratajski
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Koszalin University of Technology, Poland

Roman Olik
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Koszalin University of Technology, Poland.

Tomasz Suszko
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Koszalin University of Technology, Poland.

Jerzy Dobrodziej
Institute for Sustainable Technology, Radom, Poland.

Jerzy Michalski
Institute of Precision Mechanics, Warsaw, Poland.

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Assessment of ARX System Identification for Biomedical Applications | Chapter 8 | Recent Developments in Engineering Research Vol.5

 

The approach to system identification is a data-driven approach that constructs a mathematical system model that has been widely applied to astronomy, automatic control, economics and society. Currently, in the field of biomedical engineering, device recognition is widely used. The behaviour of the system is defined by a series of procedures in which the chemical and physical properties are defined by each step. With the rapid advancement of science and technology in various disciplines, the status of the device identification method is becoming increasingly important. This article presents both linear and non-linear identification of the system. Briefly, the Autoregressive Exogenous (ARX) method was clarified, and finally, the applications in the biomedical engineering field based on ARX system recognition were presented.

Author (s) Details

Dr. Aws Zuhair Sameen
Department of Medical Instrumentation Engineering Techniques, College of Medical Techniques, Al-Farahidi University,Baghdad, Iraq

Dr. Rosmina Jaafar
Department Electrical, Electronic & Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Malaysia.

Dr. Mohammed Hasan Alwan
Department of Communication, Faculty of Engineering, University of Diyala, Baqubah, Iraq.

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A Comprehensive Study on Integrated Optimization Design of Combined Cooling, Heating, and Power System Coupled with Solar and Biomass Energy | Chapter 7 | Recent Developments in Engineering Research Vol.5

 This study introduces an integrated hybrid cooling, heating and power (RES-CCHP) system for renewable energy sources, powered by a biogas-fueled internal combustion engine ( ICE) and photovoltaic ( PV) panels, distinct from the conventional CCHP system for natural gas. Renewable energy sources (RES) exploration is an important way of resolving the energy and environmental crisis, which has become one of the key tasks and strategic topics of the national economy's growth. Coupled with solar energy and biomass energy, combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) systems can meet the needs of island or rural decentralised and small-scale integrated energy uses, which have become more and more common in recent years. The conventional optimization design approach is no longer valid due to solar energy fluctuations and the limitation of the output of biomass gas. To enhance the system 's energy, economic and environmental efficiency, As optimization variables are proposed, an integrated design approach with renewable energy ability, power equipment ability and main operating parameters is proposed. In order to verify the feasibility of the proposed RES-CCHP system structure and the corresponding optimal design process, a case study of a small farm in Jinan, China is also performed. The findings show that it is energy-efficient, economical and environmentally-friendly to incorporate the optimal design. The primary energy saving ratio, gross annual cost saving rate and reduction ratio of carbon emissions are 20.94 percent, 11.73 percent and 40.79 percent , respectively. Lastly, the effect on the optimization process of the instability of renewable energy sources is analysed, which shows that the RES-CCHP system and the process proposed They're durable. By means of the optimization design proposed in this report, the RES-CCHP system will effectively stabilise the randomness and instability of solar energy and biomass energy. It can greatly increase energy efficiency and the rate of utilisation of solar and biomass energy and is ideal for supplying a decentralised rural area with energy.

Author (s) Details

Lizhi Zhang
School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jingshi Road 17923, Jinan 250061, China.

Fan Li
School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jingshi Road 17923, Jinan 250061, China.

Bo Sun
School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jingshi Road 17923, Jinan 250061, China.

Chenghui Zhang
School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jingshi Road 17923, Jinan 250061, China.

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Harmonic Current Identification by Adaline Neural Network and Real-Imaginary Instantaneous Powers Algorithm | Chapter 6 | Recent Developments in Engineering Research Vol.5

 This work focuses on the extraction of harmonic current and the compensation of reactive power using the shunt active power philtre (SAPF). An algorithm based on (ADALINE) Neural Network and Real and Imaginary Instantaneous Forces (ANN-RIIP) is designed to extract and classify harmonic components in order to achieve this goal. In addition, this algorithm independently estimates the total harmonic current and also the harmonic components. In the MATLAB / Simulink area, the established algorithm is validated by computer simulation and implemented experimentally in a dSPACE 1104 controller. Compared to other approaches such as pq, the approach is simple to apply in real time. The results obtained by the simulation are consistent with the experimental results, indicating that the proposed ANN-RIIP algorithm is accurate. The results have also shown that the speed and accuracy of the algorithm proposed will enhance the efficiency of the active power philtres.

Author (s) Details

Larbi Hamiche
LSELM Badji-Mokhtar University, BP 12, Annaba 23000, Algeria.

Salah Saad
LSELM Badji-Mokhtar University, BP 12, Annaba 23000, Algeria.

Leila Merabet
LSELM Badji-Mokhtar University, BP 12, Annaba 23000, Algeria.

Fares Zaamouche
Department of Mining Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Larbi Tebessi University, Algeria.

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Spatial Variability of Subsoil Properties of Guwahati City Using GIS Based Maps | Chapter 4 | Recent Developments in Engineering Research Vol.5

 

With major facilities such as sports complex, educational institutions , hospitals, flyovers, multiplex halls, etc., Guwahati, the main town in the North Eastern region of India, is growing rapidly in every aspect. In order to ensure the structural protection and serviceability of the above-mentioned structures before any building, awareness of the subsurface soil conditions is important. Therefore, using the Geographical Information System ( GIS) platform and contour maps of Standard penetration test N value, Liquefaction potential map and shear wave velocity map, the ground water table would be of great help to the foundation designers at the initial stage for site selection and preliminary foundation design in static and seismic conditions. Contour maps of the Standard N-value penetration test at different depths and the average N-value contour map of the city of Guwahati were prepared. Normal penetration Test N for penetration In order to prepare the N value contour map of Guwahati region, the values and depth of the water table were taken from a data base of 200 boreholes up to a depth of 30 metres. A regression equation based on twenty-seven previous similar correlations was also established between shear wave velocity Vs and Standard penetration test N value. For determining the shear wave velocity of Guwahati region, this regression equation was used. For all places, the average shear wave velocity of 30 m depth was calculated and used to generate maps on the (GIS) platform. In Guwahati region, seismic soil liquefaction was assessed in terms of the safety factor against liquefaction and the likelihood of liquefaction along the soil profiles and presented as maps showing zones of liquefaction risk levels. In order to form a database, other subsurface geotechnical details of Guwahati region, such as soil classification, depth to water level from ground surface, are also provided in the form of GIS based maps.

Author (s) Details

Binu Sharma
Department of Civil Engineering, Assam Engineering College, Assam, India.

S. K. Rahman
Department of Civil Engineering, Assam Engineering College, Assam, India.

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Critical Research on Biological Synthesis and Characterization of Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs), Using Plant Extracts | Chapter 3 | Recent Developments in Engineering Research Vol.5

 

The objective of this current work was to carry out biological synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles ( AuNPs) using plant extracts using environmentally friendly technology: cactus (Opuntia sp.), onion (Allum sp.), pear (Pyrus sp.), coffee (Coffea sp.) and laurel (Laurus sp.), as reducing agents and stabilisers. Normal methodologies have been obtained. Maximum absorbance at 527-537 nm was determined by UVVisible spectrophotometry characterization, while transmission electron microscopy ( TEM) and atomic force microscopy ( AFM) reported that the biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles developed various shapes, including spheres, cubes, cones, cylinders and others, with a size of 5-100 nm depending on the extract used, so that the proposed method is used In addition, these AuNPs can be functionalized.

Author (s) Details

Chávez-Sandoval Blanca Estela
Department of Biochemistry, National School of Biological Sciences, Instituto Politecnico Nacional. Prolongación de Carpio and Plan de Ayala s/n, Miguel Hidalgo 11340, Mexico City, Mexico and Department of Energy, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Azcapotzalco. San Pablo av. 180 Col. Reynosa Tamaulipas, Azcapotzalco 02200, Ciudad de México, México and Department of Applied Mathematics and Systems, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Cuajimalpa, Av. Vasco de Quiroga 4871, Col. Santa Fe 05348, Ciudad de México. México.

A. Ibáñez-Hernández Miguel Angel
Department of Biochemistry, National School of Biological Sciences, Instituto Politecnico Nacional. Prolongación de Carpio and Plan de Ayala s/n, Miguel Hidalgo 11340, Mexico City, Mexico.

García-Franco Francisco
Department of Basic Sciences, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco. San Pablo av. 180 Col. Reynosa Tamaulipas, Azcapotzalco 02200, Mexico City, Mexico.

Galindo-Pérez Ezel Jacome
Department of Energy, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Azcapotzalco. San Pablo av. 180 Col. Reynosa Tamaulipas, Azcapotzalco 02200, Ciudad de México, México. and Faculty of Professional Studies Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. De los Barrios av. 1. Col. Los Reyes Iztacala. Tlalnepantla C.P. 54090, Estado de México, Mexico.

Abrica González Paulina

Department of Basic Sciences, Professional Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Instituto Politecnico Nacional. Acueducto de Guadalupe av. s/n, Gustavo A Madero 07340, Ciudad de México, Mexico.

Martínez-Jiménez Anatolio
Department of Basic Sciences, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco. San Pablo av. 180 Col. Reynosa Tamaulipas, Azcapotzalco 02200, Mexico City, Mexico.

Balderas López José Abraham
Department of Basic Sciences, Professional Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Instituto Politecnico Nacional. Acueducto de Guadalupe av. s/n, Gustavo A Madero 07340, Ciudad de México, Mexico.

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Research on Composite Stable to Corrosive Media in SiC-AL2O3-Si2ON2 System | Chapter 2 | Recent Developments in Engineering Research Vol.5

 The goal of the research was to study the composite obtained from silicon carbide, silicon and refractory clay mixture in an impure nitrogen medium. The chemical processes of burning of the aforementioned mixture in the technical nitrogen medium and the form of binder obtained, phase composition and basic properties are studied with X-ray diffraction, petrographic and electron microscope techniques. Composite silicon carbide with complex binder is documented to be obtained, the main stages being: Si2ON2, 3Al2O3·2SiO2 and SiO2. Composite SiC-Al2O3 has also been obtained and researched. Composite water and acid resistance (H2SO4, ~1.84 g / sm3) and non-ferrous metal and slag resistance are being studied. The composites obtained can be used for the development of thermocouple protective envelopes to measure the temperature of ferrous and nonferrous metals at high temperatures.

Author (s) Details

Z. D. Kovziridze
Department of Chemical and Biological Technologies, Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia.

N. S. Nizharadze
Department of Chemical and Biological Technologies, Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia.

G. Tabatadze
Department of Chemical and Biological Technologies, Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia.

M. Mshvildadze
Department of Chemical and Biological Technologies, Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia.

E. Nikoleishvili
Department of Chemical and Biological Technologies, Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia.

Z. Mestvirishvili
Department of Chemical and Biological Technologies, Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia.

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Simulation and Design of Vertical Power MOSFETs utilizing Silvaco’s ATLASTM | Chapter 1 | Recent Developments in Engineering Research Vol.5

 

This paper reports on 3C-SiC low-doped drain power MOSFET design and simulation, including key parameters such as the model of avalanche effect ionisation and its relationship to breakdown voltage, the doping dependence of bulk mobility, and the relationship between on-resistance and breakdown voltage. While scaling the parasitic JFET, a number of MOSFETs were built with different blocking layer doping. To mitigate localised breakdown at the p-well / n-type drift layer interface, a stepped doping profile is used. Using a commercially available 2D simulation software, the characteristics of the MOSFETs were obtained. Comparisons made with a 1D analytical model indicate strong agreement between the on-state resistance, current-voltage characteristics, sub-threshold slope and the overall validity of the existing simulation models. As long as there is a proper inclusion of the body impact. Simulation results show that a 600 V, 3C-SiC MOSFET with a thinned substrate, containing a drift layer of 7 ⁇ m and a blocking layer doping density of 1x1016 cm-3, can have an on-state resistance of 0.8 mW-cm2 for the selected material parameters

Author (s) Details

Dr. Hamid Fardi
University of Colorado, Denver Colorado, 1200 Larimer Square, CO 80217-3364, USA.

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Management of Insect-pests Population in Black Gram with Novel Insecticides and Their Natural Enemies | Chapter 12 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 3

 A field experiment was performed on Black Gram variety T-9 at Entomology Instructional Farm, JNKVV-College of Agriculture, Rewa (M.P.) during Kharif. In the 2nd week of August, the initiation of white fly infestation was reported and reached a peak level of 10.84 per five leaves in the 2nd week of September when the temperature ranged from 20.6-29.9 ° C & 70-99 percent RH. Correlation coefficient values for white fly occurrence and weather parameters showed that, apart from minimum temperature, maximum and minimum relative humidity had a positive correlation, but maximum temperature and rainfall had a negative correlation with the population of white flies. While the first appearance of the Bihar hairy caterpillar was recorded in the 4th week of August and reached a peak level of 10.44 larvae / mrl in the 4th week of October when the temperature ranged from 15.1-30.7 ° C & 62-96 percent relative humidity. Correlation coefficient values for the incidence and weather parameters of the Bihar hairy caterpillar showed that the maximum The temperature had a positive association and the Bihar hairy caterpillar population had a negative effect on minimum temperature, maximum & minimum relative humidity in addition to rainfall. Test the effectiveness of new insecticide molecules, i.e. Flubendiamide 39.35 percent SC, Indoxacarb 15.8 percent EC, Thiomethoxam 25 percent WG, Triazophos 40 percent EC, Monocrotophos 36 percent SL, Thiacloprid 21.7 percent SC, Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 percent SC and Quinalphos 25 percent EC and the Bihar Hairy Caterpillar, Spilosoma obliqua Walker and White fly, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius untreated control map. Thiacloprid 21.7% SC was considered most powerful against white fly followed by white fly followed by Thiomethoxam 25% WG was found to be most effective against Bihar Hairy Caterpillar, while Chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC was found most effective. In a plot treated with Chlorantraniliprole 20 g a.i., the highest yield of 1012,3 kg / ha was reported. /ha.-Ha. Natural enemies were reported during the seedling to podding stage of the crop during the Kharif season from the black gramme cultivars, indicating the incidence of eight species of insect pests and six species of natural enemies were observed on the crop under the agro-climatic condition of the region of Vindhaya.

Author (s) Details

Mr. Girish Patidar
College of Agriculture, JNKVV, Rewa (MP), India.

Dr. Akhilesh Kumar
College of Agriculture, JNKVV- KVK, Rewa (MP), India.

Mr. Kapil Soni
College of Agriculture, JNKVV, Rewa (MP), India.

Mr. Ashwin Patel
College of Agriculture, JNKVV, Rewa (MP), India.

Mr. Vivek Tripathi
College of Agriculture, JNKVV, Rewa (MP), India.

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Economical Assesment and Analysis of Post Harvest Losses of Kagzi Lime in Akola District: At Farm Level | Chapter 11 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 3

Kagzi lime (Citrus aurantifolia) is one of India's most important crops for horticulture. As the demand for its consumption is very strong due to nutritional and medicinal values, it is the most valuable fruit crop as the fruits are a rich source of vitamin C and acetic acid. The fruits are commonly used in the everyday life of Indians for squashes, pickles, syrups and cordials, citric acid processing and table purposes. In the case of kagzi lime, Mrig bahar (June-July bloom), Hasta bahar (September-October bloom), and Ambia bahar (January-February bloom) are the three blooming seasons. From which Hasta bahar fruits fetch more prices. 60 farmers were selected from three groups of small , medium and large farmers using a multi-stage sampling technique. In this analysis, calculated costs and returns found that the total cost per hectare for the cultivation of kagzi lime was on average overall.
It was estimated that 110478.25 was an orchard. It was noted that the average degree of gain cost ratio was estimated at 2.14. The physical and economic losses at the farm level after harvesting found that the physical loss of 1.93 per cent varies from farm to farm. The study determined that on large group farms, followed by medium and then followed by small groups per hectare under kagzi lime crops, the cost and return of the total cost of cultivation was highest. It can be concluded that the profitability of kagzi lime, i.e. value cost ratio 2.14, is more profitable. In physical and economic losses, it can be inferred that the production will be greater than the orchard size and the proportion of losses will be lower.



Author (s) Details

Tukaram B. Munde
Department of Agril. Economics and Statistics, Dr. PDKV, Akola, India.

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Studies on the Response of Silicon on Chlorophyll Fluorescence, Membrane Stability, Plant Water Status and Yield of Rice Genotypes under Drought | Chapter 10 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 3

 

A field experiment was conducted at the Department of Rice, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, during the 2017 Kharif season to study the effect of silicon on membrane stability, plant water status and yield of rice genotypes under drought. Maximum membrane stability index (MSI) (93.1) was observed in CB06803 and minimum (86.2) was observed in CB08702 under control when drought-related Sahbhagidhan retained maximum MSI (79.8) with lower Malondialdehyde (MDA) content (0.68 μmol g-1) and lower MSI (67.6) with lower (MDA) content (1.75 μmol g-1) in IR64. Silicon foliar spray (Silixol 0.6 percent) under drought increased the MSI in Sahbhagidhan to maximum (88.4), wherein CB13805 was observed at minimum (78.7). In the aspect of plant water status, a greater decrease of 18 percent in RWC under drought, with lower the reduction in drought tolerant check Sahbhagidhan (14.5 percent ). Foliar spray of silicon (Silixol 0.6 percent ) under drought increased the RWC by 12 percent with The rise in genotype CB13805 (16.3 percent) was greater. However, higher osmotic potential adjustment was observed in genotype CB12702 (0.674) under drought, while foliar silicon spray (Silixol 0.6 percent) under drought reduced osmotic adjustment with a higher shift in genotype CB06803 followed by susceptible IR64 regulation. The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were significantly increased by 11 percent, 6 percent, 6.7 percent and 7.7 percent in Fv / Fm, Y (II), ETR and qP over drought by foliar silicon spray (Silixol 0.6 percent) under drought. Non-Photochemical Quenching (NPQ) increased by 48% in drought, but silicon foliar spray (Silixol 0.6%) increased by 48% in drought. The drought has limited NPQ. With 30 percent under drought, a limited grain yield per plant was observed,  For genotype CB13804, a reduction (1.9 percent) was observed. Silicon (Silixol 0.6 percent) foliar spray below Drought increased by 23% with a higher increase (43%) in genotype CB12702 per plant yield. The silicon foliar spray (Silixol 0.6 percent) under drought improved the foliar spray under drought, regardless of the genotypes.  In the genotypes above, membrane stability and plant water status indicate its significance for  Reducing the effects of drought and improving the rice mechanism for drought tolerance. The aggregate outcome  The study showed that drought has a dramatic effect on the rice reproductive level, which is Relieved by the application of silicon, which increases membrane stability, plant water Attributes of rank and yield. A drought tolerant search performed better on drought by Sahbhagi Dhan State and everything in foliar application under drought of silicon as well. CB12702, CB06803 genotypes and Even in the absence of silicon use, CB13804 showed better performance in drought, while with These two CB13805 genotypes also demonstrate better performance with silicon foliar spray underneath. Drought may be due to changes in the various physiological and metabolic pathways through the silicon presence.

Author (s) Details

N. Gokulraj
Department of Crop Physiology, Tamilnadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641003, India.

Dr. N. V. Ravichandran,
Department of Crop Physiology, Tamilnadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641003, India.


P. Boominathan
Department of Crop Physiology, Tamilnadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641003, India
R. P. Soundararajan
Department of Rice, Tamilnadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641003, India.

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A Comprehensive Study on Field Management of Phytophthora Leaf Blight Disease of Cocoyam Taro (Colocasia esculenta L.) with Spray Regimes of Selected Fungicides in Nsukka, Southeastern Nigeria | Chapter 9 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 3

 

The purpose of the resent study is to evaluate the effectiveness of fungicides and the spray regimes on the Cocoyam taro leaf blight control in Nsukka, Southeastern Nigeria. Cocoyam taro (Colocasia esculenta L) is a large crop of edible aroid tuber, but blight of cocoyam leaf  The greatest constraints to the development of cocoyam in Phytophthora colocasiae have been caused by  Since 2009, Nigeria. In order to assess the effect of fungicides and spray, field trials were carried out.  Leaf growth regimens, occurrence of disease; severity of disease; and cocoyam tuber yield. The lawsuits  They were carried out at the Crop Science Research Farm Department , University of Nigeria, Nsukka for  Two seasons for planting. Two-fungicide treatments (Ridomil Gold Plus, Ridomil+Champ Dp50 percent:  Mixture and monitor of 50 percent) and five spray regimes (No spray, weekly spray, 2nd weekly spray, 3rd weekly spray)  Weekly spray and 4th weekly spray regimes) were set out in a randomised full 3 x 5 factorial regimen With three replications, block architecture (RCBD). Results showed that there were substantial fungicide therapies (P < 0.05) variance in leaf / stand number, occurrence of disease, severity of disease and tuber Yields / hectare in both seasons of cultivation. There were no substantial differences (P < 0.05) On all calculated parameters in both, between Ridomil and Ridomil+Champ (50 percent:50 percent) mixture) Seasons for crops. ANOVA showed substantial variation in disease occurrence (P < 0.05) among the Ridomil treated plots had the highest fungicides at all trial times in early season planting at 90 DAP, Incidence of disease compared to other choices for fungicides, with the lowest incidence of disease rated By the parcels handled by the power. Taro leaf was substantially reduced by the fungicides and spray regimes Enhanced growth and yields, blight. In weekly spray regimens conducted, Ridomil treated cocoyam plots Best compared to other fungicides and the treatment choices for the spray regime. Besides the adoption of Via integrated disease management (IDM) in Nsukka, Southeastern Nigeria, high yielding resistant cultivar(s), weekly foliar spraying of Ridomil or Ridomil+Champ should be incorporated into taro leaf blight control.


Author (s) Details
 
T. E. Omeje
Department of Agricultural Technology, Enugu State Polytechnic, Iwollo, Enugu State, Nigeria.

Professor K. I. Ugwuoke
Department of Crop Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.

Professor S. C. Eze
Department of Crop Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.

Dr. R. A. Ezema
Department of Agricultural Technology, Enugu State Polytechnic, Iwollo, Enugu State, Nigeria.

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Investigation of Avoidable Losses Due to Effect of Pod Borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) in Chickpea | Chapter 8 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 3

 The purpose of this study is to quantify losses due to the major chickpea pest. Borer pod, Armigera helicoverpa. Chickpea is one of the most important crops for pulses. Considering the financial value Protective measures for this crop need to be taken well in advance to avoid damage to the pod due to Borer pod. During the 2009-10 rabi season, an experiment was performed at the Experimental Area of The Entomology Department, Live Stock Farm, Adhartal, JNKVV, Jabalpur (M.P.), India. This research adopted similar dimensions in two care and untreated plots. For the analysis, the Chickpea variety, JG-130, was selected and planted. During sowing, all of the prescribed package of practises were followed.  The findings have shown that the Pod borer is a notorious chickpea pest found in Jabalpur, Madhya. Pradesh and avoidable losses were estimated at 63.64 percent due to this chickpea pest. The Gram pod borer has been  The key chickpea pest, which significantly reduced the yield, was found to be…

Author (s) Details

Dr. Y. A. Shinde,
Department of Agriculture Entomology, Shri Vaishnav Institute of Agriculture, SVVV, Indore, India. 

O. P. Veda
Department of Agril. Entomology, JNKVV, Jabalpur, MP, India.

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Elaborated Study on Loan Size and Its Determinants as Critical Growth Factors for Rural Farmers in Imo State, Southeast Nigeria | Chapter 7 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 3

 

In the Owerri Agricultural Zone of Imo State , Nigeria, this study examined the loan demand requirements of rural staple and poultry farmers. The factors influencing the size of loans were also examined. Data were collected using a stratified sampling technique using standardised and pre-tested questionnaires from 100 loan recipients and five financial institutions in the region in the course of this cross-sectional analysis. The study lasted for a six-month duration, effective April 2010. The Expect Value approach was used to determine their optimum loan requirement, while the multiple regression analysis methodology of OLS was used to determine factors influencing the beneficiaries' loan size. The results showed that farm size, level of education, form of enterprise, experience of farmers and dependency ratio were the potent factors affecting loan size. Furthermore, the outcome showed that the respondents were highly constrained by money, as only 60% of their capital needs were met by financial institutions. N292, 315, and N435, 753 for Cassava and Yam growers, respectively, for a farm size of 0.80 hectares, were the optimum loan conditions set for growers. For poultry farmers of approximately 120 chickens, the estimated optimal credit requirement was N492, 500. These figures will serve as reference points for financial institutions in the credit management of similar status and area farmers. Financial institutions have been urged to consider offering start-up capital to young people and new graduates, who have obviously yet to become a company on the path to agriculture. On the other hand, the government was advised to provide financial institutions supporting agriculture with fiscal and monetary incentives in view of the delicate existence of farm sector. It is only discreet to notice that the same importance as protection should be given to food security, as it can cause internal and external imbalances in terms of food security. Price volatility, balance of payment deficits, danger of poverty , deprivation, social and political upheavals or conflicts as a result of large import bills. To restore normalcy and the lack of content In such a scenario, doubling the budgetary allocations for military defence may be necessary.

Author (s) Details

Professor S. U. O. Onyeagocha
Department of Agricultural Economics, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria.

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Genetics, Molecular Interactions and Resistance Response of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Genotypes to Root Knot Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp) | Chapter 6 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 3

 The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an essential crop that has become a source of protein for human nutrition. The yield of common beans in the world is limited by many pests, including plant parasitic nematodes. Meloidogyne genus called Root knot nematodes cause serious damage to the common bean among the plant parasitic nematodes. This genus contains more than a hundred organisms that include the world's most toxic bacteria. By taking nutrients and water from plants, they cause harm; plant growth and decreases in yield, root galling and wilting are observed. As nematode resistant and susceptible reactions, common bean varieties and genotypes can demonstrate responses. The genetics, molecular interactions and resistance response of common bean beans in this chapter Genotypes were administered against root knot nematodes. There was discussion of common bean and root knot nematode interactions, molecular plant nematode interactions, determination of the genotype tolerance of common bean to root knot nematodes, the effect of root knot nematodes on common bean genotypes, and the effect of genotypes on nematode reproduction. Overall , this chapter is critical for the understanding of root knot nematode resistance responses for common bean varieties and genotypes, and for future studies of plant nematode interactions in breeding.

Author (s) Details

Dr. Refik Bozbuga,
Biological Control Research Institute, Nematology Lab, 01321, Yuregir, Adana, Turkey

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Rural Women in Occupational Diversification: A Strategy for Economic Empowerment | Chapter 5 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 3

 Rural women in occupational diversification were the subject of the study: a strategy for economic empowerment. In order to be economically motivated since agriculture is rain-fed and seasonal, rural women are engaged in occupational diversification. This is to encourage them to be financially strong in order to take care of their family obligations during off-season periods and maintain household food security. In addition , a number of factors could be related to rural women's diversification into different occupations, namely: overcoming risks of crop failure, seasonality of farming activities, source of additional income, shortage of farm labour, improved transport facilities, expanded family obligations, and proximity to urban markets. Rural women continue to struggle with the dual roles of economic development and domestic labour and, for the most part, face the challenges of poverty , illiteracy, high health risks and sufficient access to productive capital. THE study suggests that government policies and initiatives should encourage the creation of human resources by equipping rural women with the skills required to work in different on-farm and non-farm jobs. It also highlights the need for appropriate policy formulation and implementation that will address the needs of rural women engaged in occupational diversification for economic empowerment.

Author (s) Details

Dr. E. N. Mbah
Department of Agricultural Extension and Communication, Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria.

E. T. Yanjoh
Department of Agricultural Extension and Management, Akperan Orshi College of Agriculture, Yandev, Benue State, Nigeria.

Dr. Jabil, I. Yerima
Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Faculty of Agriculture and AgriculturalTechnology, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria.

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Discussing the Potentials of Rural Women for Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation: Implications for Sustainable Agriculture | Chapter 4 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 3

 The focus of the study was on rural women's ability to combat climate change and adapt to sustainable agriculture. In the management of complex households, rural women play an important role and follow several livelihood strategies that ensure that food is accessible to the increasing population. Climate change has significantly affected the activities of these rural women, who have developed mitigation and adaptation strategies to cope with the impacts associated with it. However, there has been inadequate utilisation of the possible contributions of rural women to climate change mitigation and adaptation for sustainable agriculture. The study suggested that mitigation and adaptation policies should be developed and enforced in order to include strategies for improved social security, business growth and job generation among rural women. Cushioning the impact on rural women of climate change. It also emphasises that the identification and implementation of agricultural programmes to support outreach education and training initiatives to facilitate the development of the skills of rural women in agricultural production who are vulnerable to climate change remains essential for sustainability.

Author (s) Details

Dr. E. N. Mbah
Department of Agricultural Extension and Communication, Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria.

Dr. N. E. Amah
Federal College of Animal Heath and Production Technology, Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria.

E. T. Yanjoh
Department of Agricultural Extension and Management, Akperan Orshi College of Agriculture, Yandev, Benue State, Nigeria.

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Discussing about the Possible Experimental Mistakes in Agricultural Research | Chapter 3 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 3

 The fundamental question is whether our contemporary approaches actually represent the "plant world" around us, experiments or whether it is the product of the present "imperfect" level of expertise. Individual authors' experimental conditions also vary in assessing the same problem , i.e. the findings are difficult to compare. The chosen average external conditions of a given crop should be simulated in an artificial experimental setting. The identification of important growth phases and characteristics that are necessary for the assessment of the key experimental task is very important. Either ignorance of these facts or improperly prepared experiments may lead to bad results and experimental conclusions. The main objective is not only to point out the need to measure important plant properties by appropriate methods in a physiologically correct stage of growth and development, but also on In experiments, the effect of the properties of seeds used will alter plant growth and development. It is often forgotten that the effect of stress on the properties of the seeds and the seed characteristics on the properties of the plant , for example, may produce different results in the same variety of different provenances, especially affecting the roots, since plant roots are the most sensitive part of plants. In similar experiments at two workplaces, only the different roots of used seeds will substantially alter the outcomes of a repeated standard experiment.

Author (s) Details

Ladislav Bláha
Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic.

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Observing the Changes of Seed Germination during the Year | Chapter 2 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 3

 

Germination is typically small in December, but mostly in January and February, respectively. Maximum germination is observed during the spring and summer seasons. This phenomenon is not due to dormancy or secondary dormancy since germinability has a similar curve every year during long-term seed storage, only the number of germinative seeds decreases stepwise every year at each storage month. Each species or crop variety has a standard germination course throughout the year. There are also species (crops) that have an almost constant germination process throughout the year, i.e. without variation during the year, although there are a minority of genotypes, but rather exceptions. From the theoretical practical point of view, there is a probability (but not a certainty!) that genotypes should be tested at the beginning or end of the year in case of seed germination. This phenomenon has a negative effect on seed certification by companies growing seeds for cultivation practise in some plants, with great variability of germinability during the year.

Author (s) Details

Ladislav Bláha
Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic

Jiří Hermuth
Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic.

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Integrated Plant Breeding Strategies for Harmony between Modern Agriculture Production and the Environment | Chapter 1 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 3

 

The greatest problem for 2050, where the world population is estimated at 9.2 billion, is generating ample food that is healthy and nutritious. The overall food production would have to increase by 50 percent to 60 percent to feed these people. Climate models forecast that warmer temperatures and changes in drought frequency and length will have a negative effect on crop growth and productivity over the next few decades. An integrated agricultural and breeding agenda is needed for these new global challenges. It is important to intensify agro-ecosystems' sustainability by generating more food with lower inputs, adapting agriculture to climate change, maintaining biodiversity through its use, and making markets work for smallholder farmers in order to tackle the key current issues. In the successful growth of modern agriculture, plant breeding has played a crucial role. To resolve the complexity of the combined impacts of issues such as population development, food security , food safety and human security, We need to rethink the role of diversity in plant breeding in the preservation of biological diversity for health. The secret to cultivating climate-resilient, nutritious and profitable crops is the continuous availability of high-quality crop germplasm. Global efforts are under way to establish breeding populations, including wild and weedy relatives, through the exploitation of exotic germplasm. Advances in genomics, phenomics and bio-informatic tools have led to many knowledge-intensive methods being implemented to accelerate genetic gains in various food crops. The breeding method to be used is determined by trait heritability, gene action, the number of genes regulating the target trait(s), heterosis and genotype-environment interactions. The foundation of crop development techniques will remain traditional plant breeding. Genetic engineering has the ability to overcome some of the most complicated biotic limitations faced by farmers, which are not Via traditional plant breeding alone, easily handled. To remove coverage so broad that it stifles creativity, security measures and regulations, in particular patenting, must be moderated. In order to facilitate science and the free flow of materials and information, they must be made less restrictive. Through data and code sharing, an open source software system has the potential to increase breeding performance, while open source seed systems should allow continued seed saving, breeding, and seed exchange without restriction. In order to bring "harmony" between agriculture and the environment, plant breeding can be a powerful tool, but collaborations and collaboration are needed to make this a reality.

Author (s) Details

João Carlos da Silva Dias,
University of Lisbon, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal.

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Living Better through Yoga: Management of Body, Mind and Spirit | Chapter 8 | Current Topics in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 6

 

The need for a comprehensive or integrative conception is acknowledged by most developmental biologists. Yoga, Yoga  The method is holistic in that it takes care of an individual's well-being when addressing it.  The human body, the human spirit, and the soul of a human being. The integrative mechanism of spiritual evolution is  And with quick, continuous approaches such as mantra, yoga breathing exercises, it can be accomplished.  The mind is still unsteady as the wind wanders irregularly, but when the breathing is still, so is the mind.  Proper concentration for fasting rejuvenates the body and allows the mind focused. A Total Quick of  24 hours brings relief to the body. Five great elements are believed in healthy diets like Ayurveda: fire, fire,  Water, fire, air and space, creating the world, the human body included. That portion is yogic breathing  Pranayama seeks to regulate the actual expression of prana in the physical body.

Author Details

Viviana Siddhi
NGO the Mandala Transformation Foundation Inc., San Rafael, USA.

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An Overview on Thalassemia | Chapter 17 | Current Topics in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 6

 Thalassemia is a genetic condition inherited from the parents of an individual. With 25,000 deaths in 2013, thalassemia is prevalent globally. The highest rates are in the Mediterranean, Italy , Greece, Turkey, West Asia, North Africa, South Asia , and Southeast Asia. Alpha and beta thalassemia incidence depends on how many of the four alpha genes or two beta globin genes are absent. There are two primary forms, Thalassemia alpha and beta. The most extreme type is β-thalassemia major, and the affected children are dependent for survival on daily blood transfusions. The production of abnormal antibodies is one of the major complications in chronically transfused patients and, in this case, further transfusion of compatible red cells is difficult. Hemoglobinopaties in the globin proteins themselves suggest irregularities. Health complications are mainly observed in large and intermediate patients with thalassemia. Extreme anaemia, slow growth and skeletal defects are the signs and symptoms transplant. Prevention is by premarital screening, carrier detection and prenatal testing. Bone Marrow Transplant (BMT) is still remains the only definitive cure available for patients with Thallassemia. Gene therapy for β- Thalassemia is still on trial and a hope for future. Genetic studies (DNA analysis) to investigate deletions and mutations in the alpha- and beta-globin-producing gene help in correct diagnosis and improved management in thalassemic patients. This topic will review the clinical features of thalassemia while focusing on pathophysiology, clinical features, complication, management, screening and diagnosis. In infancy. Eventually, untreated thalassemia leads to death, usually due to heart failure. Hematological checks, haemoglobin electrophoresis, and DNA analysis are used to make a diagnosis. Individuals with extreme thalassemia include deferoxamine, deferasirox, deferiprone, and bone marrow transplants for blood transfusion, drug therapy, i.e. Regular blood transfusions, iron chelation, splenectomy, and bone marrow are used to treat people with extreme anaemia.  In transplantation. Prevention is by premarital screening, identification of the carrier and prenatal monitoring. Marrow of bone The only definitive treatment available for patients with thallassemia remains a transplant (BMT). Gene therapy is already on trial for β-thalassemia, and there is hope for the future. Genetic experiments (DNA analysis) to study alpha- and beta-globin-producing gene deletions and mutations aid in correcting deletions and mutations.  Diagnosis and enhanced treatment of patients with thalassemia. The clinical features of thalassemia will be reviewed in this subject, focusing on pathophysiology, clinical features, complications, management, screening and diagnosis.

Author (s) Details

Dr. Dharmesh Chandra Sharma
Blood Transfusion Service, Cancer Hospital and Research Institute, Gwalior, India.

Dr. Sunita Rai
Department of Pathology, G. R. Medical College, Gwalior, India.

Dr. Prakriti Gupta
Department of Pathology, G. R. Medical College, Gwalior, India.

Dr. Sachin Singhal
Department of Pathology, G. R. Medical College, Gwalior, India.

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Mini OPCAB Mammary to Left Anterior DescendingArtery Ideal Option for Hybrid Coronary Revascularization | Chapter 16 | Current Topics in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 6

 

Introduction: Here we will explain the actual surgical procedure for the bypass of the left mammary artery to the left anterior descending artery, and the outcomes of this operation over the last 20 years at the Benetti Foundation. Materials and Methods: Inclusion criteria for this procedure were patients with demonstrated predominant ischemia Hybrid Revascularization was performed in 70 patients in the Benetti Base of this category 10. Surgical procedure The left mammary artery is dissected about 8 cm after the lower part of the sternum is opened. The pericardium is open and the mammary is attached to the descending anterior left side. Results: In this sequence, operative mortality was 0 percent. One patient was converted to an Off Pump sternotomy (1, 4%). None of the grafts were modified with the Medistim Method after the measure. In the procedure room, 55 (79 percent) is extubated. The total hospitalisation time was 60 hours (D + 17 ci ci ci ci). In the initial experience of 100 percent patency, 16 patients of Lima to LAD were re-studied In the 10 patients undergoing hybrid revascularization, mortality was 0 percent and MACE at 3 years or percent, 82 percent of patients were alive and 68 percent asymptomatic at 144 months. Conclusion: To find the definitive indications of this procedure, it is necessary to have more clinical experience; and to be able to standardise this operation in definitive form, better technologies are needed.

Author (s) Details

Federico Benetti,
Benetti Foundation, Alem 1846, Rosario, Argentina.

Natalia Scialacomo
Benetti Foundation, Alem 1846, Rosario, Argentina.

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Studies on Psychotropic Medications Weight Gain: Therapeutic Challenges, Complementary Approaches and Psychopharmacological Therapies | Chapter 15 | Current Topics in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 6

 Objective: With an emphasis on clinical issues and multidimensional integrative treatment techniques together with psychopharmacological treatments, the study systematically assimilates evidence-based research on many dimensions of psychotropic-induced weight gain. Three of the electronic searches  Thousands of peer reviewed articles published in scientific journals have been collected from databases (from 2000 to 2020) using Boolean operators and keywords. 141 related papers have been retained for this review based on exclusion and inclusion requirements. Growing Overweight in Psychiatric Weight Patients  A variety of adverse effects and treatment problems are associated with psychotropic drugs. Multimodal patient-centered treatments are required for both obesity and obesity, including behavioural improvements, dietary changes and medicinal herbs, cognitive behaviour therapy, motivational therapy  Pharmacological therapies that regulate psychotherapy and weight. Relief of symptoms from the key A critical condition for this technique to function effectively is mental disorder. While there are a variety of medical problems for overweight or obesity secondary to psychotropic medication, an integrative intervention that integrates alternative therapies for current drugs tends to function better. This analysis calls for comparative studies to assess the most productive methods in psychiatric communities to tackle weight gain internationally.

Author (s) Details

Naseem Akhtar Qureshi,
National Center for Mental Health Promotion, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Dr. Dalal Salem Aldossari
King Saud Medical City, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Mohammed Ibrahim Alnami
King Saud Medical City, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Sara Osama Salem
King Saud Medical City, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Adnan Ahmed Makkawi
National Center for Mental Health Promotion, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

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Cautery Shapes, Types and Methods: A Critical Appraisal of the Relevant Literature | Chapter 14 | Current Topics in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 6

 

The goal of this review was to objectively identify and synthesise the literature on cautery therapy modes, styles and methods. Four databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and OvidSP) were electronically searched using Boolean operators and keywords, and some related articles and articles were used.  Two independent reviewers obtained abstracts (N=10256) for comprehensive evaluation. Finally , this paper contained 90 of the most important papers. In the literature, cautery is defined as having multiple forms, styles, application marks, precautions and methods and efficacy supported by single case reports and case series with level 4 & 5 proof. In particular diseases, conventional cautery with a specific shape and form is used along with a precise technique, but the underlying mechanism of behaviour and effects is not well elucidated. When used carefully by an expert qualified complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) practitioners and skilled health professionals, cautery is a safe therapy Around the globe, experts. Traditional cautery is often recommended as the last resort in the management of difficult-to-treat medical-surgical conditions, unlike modern cautery, but this rule is not followed by health seekers with low education, rural history, parental control and low education. Strong religious values. This study calls for continuous cautery training programmes targeted at CAM practitioners and for systematic fundamental studies and randomised clinical trials to elucidate the underlying mechanism of cautery therapy acts and results and efficacy in  Around the globe, various suggested diseases.


Author (s) Details

Naseem Akhtar Qureshi,
National Center for Mental Health Promotion, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Dr. Salem Aldossari
King Saud Medical City, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Mohammed Ibrahim Alnami
King Saud Medical City, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Sara Osama Salem
King Saud Medical City, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Adnan Ahmed Makkawi
National Center for Mental Health Promotion, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

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Hypoxic Preconditioning. Search for a Predictor of Its Efficiency | Chapter 13 | Current Topics in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 6

 

The resistance (T, the time before apnoea) to extreme hypobaric hypoxia (SHBH) is prolonged by a single mild hypobaric hypoxia (HBH). There is strong therapeutic potential for this hypoxic preconditioning effect. In our analysis with medium, moderate and high SHBH on intact rats and those pre-tested under SHBH  We found resistance to it, that the hypoxic preconditioning removed the discrepancies between groups of rats with different innate resistance to it and with different previous hypoxic experiences in resistance to extreme hypoxia. To assume that the hypoxic preconditioning is realised on its own was rational.  Mechanisms. Mechanisms. Methods for predicting the efficacy of pre-conditioning action were required to investigate these processes, but these methods were not available. In the quest process, we discovered in the intact rats a clear correlation in the acoustic startle reaction model, which we called the PPI-T test, between the efficiency of HBH and prepulse inhibition (PPI). In neurobiology and psychiatry, this model is commonly used; PPI, however, has not previously been used as a predictor of hypoxic preconditioning. We have, therefore, shown its validity. In order to predict the efficiency of the preconditioning action on intact animals and to research its mechanisms, the PPI-T test can be used.

Author (s) Details

Elena I. Zakharova
Laboratory of General Pathology of Cardiorespiratory System, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Baltic Street 8, 125315 Moscow, Russia.

Zinaida I. Storozheva
Laboratory of Clinical Neurophysiology, Serbsky’ National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology, Kropotkinsky per., 23, 111395 Moscow, Russia.

Andrey T. Proshin
Laboratory of Functional Neurochemistry, P.K. Anokhin’ Institute of Normal Physiology, Baltic Street 8, 125315 Moscow, Russia.

Mikhail Yu. Monakov
Laboratory of General Pathology of Cardiorespiratory System, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Baltic Street 8, 125315 Moscow, Russia.

Alexander M. Dudchenko
Laboratory of General Pathology of Cardiorespiratory System, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Baltic Street 8, 125315 Moscow, Russia.

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Research on Aloe vera Mucilage as Solubility Enhancer in Tablet Formulation | Chapter 12 | Current Topics in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 6

 

The present study evaluates the synthesis of water-insoluble compounds into tablets with a sustained release matrix and the effect of aloe vera gel powder on the dissolution and other physical properties of tablets with the SR matrix. As a polymer, HPMC and ethyl cellulose were used and various  The concentration of aloe vera gel powder used as the enhancer of dissolution. By direct compression process, sustained release matrix tablets were formulated and subjected to various quality control studies as per  The official Guidelines for Pharmacopoeia. The tablet formulation that has been produced complies with the monograph. The findings suggest that the dissolution of curcumin is stimulated by aloe vera. Kinetics of dissolution indicate that all the formulation followed the model of Korsemayer Peppas by anomalous diffusion  Mechanism. To conclude, the dissolution enhancer of aloe vera gel powder can be used to increase the drug absorption of water-insoluble products.

Author (s) Details

Dr. Habibur Rahman
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Malaysia and PSG College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.

Dr. Telny Thomas Chungath
Chemists College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Ernakulum, Kerala, India.

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Metabolic Microenvironment: Gastric Cancer | Chapter 11 | Current Topics in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 6

 

Malignancy at the molecular and cellular microenvironment levels can be defined as a state established in the setting of particular tumour-host relationships. R.E, R.E. The definition of "tumour-host" interaction was clearly illustrated by Kavetsky and his collaborators. A tumour is a complex biological system that is closely linked to  Linked to the body, where it is initiated and created. In the environment, tumour cells are various factors that form a tumour microenvironment that plays an important role in the progression of the disease. Two forms of tumour microenvironment are available: the metabolic microenvironment mediated by variables  Microphysiology of the tumour (blood flow, vascular permeability, oxygenation, extracellular pressure, interstitial fluid pressure, etc.) and cellular-molecular microenvironment, including interactions between tumour and non-tumor cells and stromal compartment influences. Tumour Causes The interaction between tumour cells and surrounding non-tumor cells and molecular components can be changed by microphysiology, and they also form the tumour profile that influences the host tumour pressure. The analysis presents data on the function of the metabolic microenvironment of tumour cells from the tumour-host interaction point in order to use these parameters to assess the diagnostic and prognostic methods for the outcome of disease in patients with gastric cancer. Hypoxia has been given special attention as a key factor in the metabolic microenvironment, which is optimistic.  It influences the development of the tumour, promotes its aggressiveness, metastasis and resistance to therapy, and is considered an unfavourable prognostic factor. The clinical significance of tumour classification based on the degree of tumour oxygenation has been shown to be possible, which can be helpful for selecting patients for individualised treatment that can offer hope for improvement.
With clinical effectiveness.

Author (s) Details

Dr. L. Bubnovskaya
R. E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.

Dr. D. Osinsky
City Clinical Oncological Center, Kyiv, Ukraine.

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Social Networking in Dentistry | Chapter 10 | Current Topics in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 6

 

Medicinal facilities are likewise not abandoned with the expanding rage for internet-based life. Today, web-based life has become the most successful marketing strategy for dental specialists, particularly for sharing information and drawing in new patients. So, life on the internet has turned into an online life.  Company path for engaging with patients, including health professionals. Communication has changed from one-to-one to one-to-many in the direction of blogs, tweets, wikis, and social networks. Be  There are a few challenges, however, in determining the required material for web-based social networking. This paper will explore the use of web advances for dental education and address the possible drawbacks of their use.

Author (s) Details

Dr. Ipsita Mahapatra
Department of Public Health Dentistry, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

Dr. Ramesh Nagarajappa
Department of Public Health Dentistry, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

Dr. Dharmashree Satyarup
Department of Public Health Dentistry, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

Dr. Sharmistha Mohanty
Department of Public Health Dentistry, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

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Implementing the Unique and Claim Clinical File in the Insure System in Mexico, can Decrease Medical Demands or Lawsuits | Chapter 9 | Current Topics in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 6

 

Aim: We have had a rise in medical requirements in all health subsystems in the last decade in Mexico, we have researched twelve years (2004-2016) on the disturbing increase in demands at the Mexican Institute of Health due to the disorganisation of the clinical records, the absence of an interconnected electronic database, in addition to the absence of an original record of claims in the insurance.

Objective: to eliminate injuries at the Institute for Allegations of Medical Negligence, to prevent duplication of insurance reserve fees reflected at the expense of the Mexican health system with the existence of a single clinical record.

Materials and Methods: The Integrated Clinical Record and Quality Model (MECIC) developed in 2013 was implemented in the observational, descriptive , cross-sectional and retrospective analysis carried out on claims made by the Mexican Institute of Social Security (MISS), which revealed that no records could be developed due to the absence of a record. Copy or Original. The ECUS-generated instrument was Applied to files with a claim by which 0 was evaluated if it did not meet the criteria stated, 1 if it had content in each sense, and NA or Not Applicable if the words did not apply to the correspondent of the service. This reported duplicate cases, open and closed patients,  Simultaneous reserves and lack of record incorporation with a lack of conformity with NOM 004.

Results: 172 claims files were reviewed for patients of various ages enrolled under insurance from 2004 to October 2016 in compliance with the Medical Professional Civil Liability Policy; to determine the causes of the claims, the facilities involved and to make recommendations for the claims;  Minimization of these.

Conclusion: As part of the Universal Health Record for Mexico, the Single Clinical Claim File (ECUS),  When implemented, it will allow automatic assessment of physical , digital or claims medical records,  Issuing reports, giving the organisation an appropriate recommendation, preventing harm to patients, in addition to  Reduction of health system costs as a result of multiple incidents or abuse in the insurance system.

Author (s) Details

Marxlenin Rodríguez-Martínez
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, FUNIBER, Marx & Associates, Mexico.

Nicolás Padilla-Raygoza
School of Medicine, University of Celaya, Celaya, Mexico.

Georgina Olvera-Villanueva
Department of Nursing and Obstetrics, Division of Health Sciences and Engineering, Campus Celaya, Salvatierra, University of Guanajuato, Celaya, Mexico.

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