The Open Reading Frame 4 Region is Involved in Hepatitis E Virus Adaptation | Chapter 5 | Shedding Light on the Open Reading Frame 4 of Hepatitis E Virus - Molecular, Evolutionary & Genetic Aspects

 

The hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the cause of the liver disease hepatitis E. The HEV open reading frame 4 (ORF4) region functional implication in adaptive evolution remains to be elucidated. The parameters, including amino acid composition, structural annotation, function and protein-protein interaction, influence a protein’s process of adaptation. Therefore, in this chapter, various factors were comprehensively studied, using bioinformatics tools, which play a vital role in the evolutionary adaptation of ORF4. The composition of ORF4 revealed the presence of both disordered and ordered amino acid residues. The ORF4 evolution was shaped by pressures that led to the predominance of disorder-promoting amino acid residues, including Ala, Gly, Leu, Pro, Arg and Ser. Structure evaluation of ORF4 revealed the presence of both structured and unstructured regions. The putative binding motifs were predicted in ORF4, captivating its involvement in the regulation of varying cellular signaling processes. Furthermore, structure-based functional annotation of ORF4 revealed its susceptibility in binding to a wide range of ligands. As disordered proteins are targets for regulation, ORF4 contributes to cellular signaling processes through protein-protein interactions. The proposed study presented here is the first attempt to delineate the role of ORF4 in adaptive evolution.

 

 

Author(s) Details

 

Zoya Shafat

Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India.

 

 

Please see the link:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-81-976007-3-9/CH5

Climate Science for a Changing Planet: Local Solutions to Global Crises |Book Publisher International

 

In an era marked by intensifying climate crises, understanding the science, spatial dimensions, and societal implications of climate change is more urgent than ever. Climate Science for a Changing Planet: Local Solutions to Global Crises offers an interdisciplinary and geography-centred exploration of the causes, consequences, and solutions to climate change, with a strong emphasis on contextual relevance and practical application. The book presents a comprehensive synthesis of climatology, environmental science, and sustainable development, tailored to the Indian context while aligned with global frameworks such as the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

 

Combining scientific rigour with accessible narrative, the book navigates key topics including the Earth’s climate system, greenhouse gas dynamics, vulnerability and risk assessment, and the socio-economic dimensions of climate change. It places particular emphasis on the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and remote sensing technologies to analyse spatial patterns and support evidence-based climate action. The methodological approach includes spatial analysis using geospatial tools, qualitative and quantitative case studies, participatory rural appraisals, and field-based vulnerability assessments, allowing for an integrated and evidence-driven understanding of climate impacts and responses.

 

Through rich case studies from urban, coastal, mountainous, and agrarian regions of India, the authors highlight how local actions—guided by geographic insights and technological tools—can shape meaningful climate resilience and mitigation outcomes. This book is a vital academic resource for students, educators, researchers, policymakers, and civil society actors seeking to bridge global climate science with grassroots realities. It repositions geography not only as a lens of observation but also as a strategic agent for sustainable change in the Anthropocene.

 

Author(s) Details

Dr. S. Balaselvakumar
Department of Geography, Government Arts College, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India.

 

Dr. P. Mary Santhi
Convent of Jesus and Mary, Agra, Uttra Pradesh, India.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-81-992493-7-0

Climate Change and Small-Scale Farming: Exploring the Connection between Awareness, Adaptation, and Food Security in the Eastern Cape Province | Chapter 11 | Agricultural Sciences: Techniques and Innovations Vol. 3

 

The agriculture sector plays a crucial role in many African economies, employing around 65–70% of the workforce, supporting 90% of household livelihoods, and accounting for about a quarter of the continent’s gross domestic product. Climate change poses a significant threat to global agriculture, particularly for small-scale farmers who often lack the resources and knowledge to adapt. Ineffective adaptation strategies could exacerbate poverty and food insecurity. This chapter investigated the relationship between climate change awareness, adaptation strategies, and food security among small-scale farmers in the Eastern Cape Province. It aimed to understand the influence of farmers’ climate change awareness on their adaptation decisions and the subsequent effects on agricultural productivity and food security. The study employed a quantitative approach, using multi-stage sampling to survey 200 small-scale farmers through semi-structured questionnaires. Logit regression and endogeneity switching regression models were applied for data analysis. The study results show that small-scale farmers in the Eastern Cape are well aware of climate change and its impacts, particularly reduced farm returns (38%) and yields (36%), which threaten both agricultural productivity and food security. In response, farmers have adopted various strategies, such as crop rotation, improved crop varieties, adjusted planting dates, and mulching or fertilizer application.  For the study site factors such as age, access to climate information, education, proximity to markets, drought frequency, perceptions of temperature and rainfall changes, radio ownership, farm income, farm size, household size and availability of extension services significantly influence adaptation choices. The results indicate that these adaptation strategies have contributed to improved agricultural yields and farm returns, thereby enhancing food security in the area. The chapter concludes with recommendations for governments, agencies and policymakers to support small-scale farmers through targeted policy interventions, strengthen extension services, and develop educational programs aimed at increasing adaptive capacity and building resilience among small-scale farmers.

 

Author(s) Details

Lungile S. Gidi
Department of Agricultural Economics and Animal Science, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga 0727, South Africa.

 

Lelethu Mdoda
Discipline of Agricultural Economics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa.

 

Zoleka Ncoyini-Manciya
Discipline of Agrometeorology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa.

 

Lwandiso Mdiya
Department of Sustainable Food Systems and Development, University of Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/asti/v3/4747

 

Hearing the Unheard: Breaking Barriers in Specialised Schools in Cameroon |Chapter Hearing the Unheard: Breaking Barriers in Specialised Schools in Cameroon |Chapter 8 | New Ideas Concerning Arts and Social Studies Vol. 3| New Ideas Concerning Arts and Social Studies Vol. 3

Cameroon is determined to provide quality education to all its population. Since Cameroon signed the agreement to grant access to quality education, many special schools for the deaf were established. One of the challenges faced today in Cameroon is educating linguistically challenged pupils in special schools. This paper centres on evaluating the education of linguistically handicapped pupils (deaf) in two specialised institutions in the Southwest region of Cameroon. It is an analysis of the education carried out in specialised institutions for the deaf in providing them with basic education so as to meet the EFA goals and to attain the objectives of development for the millennium. With the conviction that education is crucial for their development, Ephphata Institute for the Deaf (EID), Kumba and Buea School for the Deaf (BSD) institutions are examined to assess teaching programmes offered to these children. Analysis proved that these points are relevant for effective teaching to take place: A curriculum which is relevant and can be adapted to provide quality education in order to increase participation in schooling and improve the quality of the education provided. Training which will improve teachers’ skills so that they can best perform their functions. Reigeluth’s Instructional Design Theory was discussed to understand how educational programs and instructional materials need to be developed. This descriptive survey made use of a questionnaire, an observation guide, interviews, and a checklist. The sample of the study was 12 teachers and 130 pupils purposively selected from the two schools under investigation. The self-delivery method was used to collect data. Data analysis was descriptive with the use of frequency counts and percentages. The findings revealed that the national curriculum was rigid and extensive for teachers (75%). The most important challenge the teachers faced was how to adapt the curriculum content (83%). To support the teaching and learning process, they needed to enhance teaching through such activities as modifying, adding or deleting content, reorganising content, addressing omissions, managing limited time to complete tasks and maintaining children’s attention during lessons. Deaf education has its specific didactic strategies which should be explicitly described and codified for use where needed. This study therefore suggests that teachers be empowered with skills in order to make learning possible and also to improvise by developing various kinds of handmade learning materials in order to improve the overall quality of deaf education in Cameroon.

 

Author(s) Details

 

Enow Parris Cecilia Bechem

Department of Linguistics and African Languages, Faculty or Arts, The University of Bamenda, Cameroon.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/nicass/v3/2854

Superior Heat Resilient Features for Physiological, Biochemical, Behavioral, Molecular, Neuroendocrine and Epigenetic Adaptation in Tharparkar Cattle | Chapter 9 | Research Perspective on Biological Science Vol. 4

In the context of changing climate conditions, heat stress has emerged as a significant challenge for the dairy industry. Ensuring an appropriate microclimate in animal housing characterised by adequate air circulation, optimal temperature, humidity control, low pollution levels, and minimal gas concentrations has become a primary concern. These elements are crucial for the proper development and maintenance of cow comfort, which in turn supports food security based on livestock. The draft is prepared by considering the changing environmental conditions and the consequent adaptive features of the Tharparkar cattle. According to the Global Climate Risk Index of 2019, India ranks fifth, with extreme heat posing potentially lethal consequences of climate change. Dairy cattle experience heat stress when the temperature-humidity index (THI) exceeds 72. The threshold for heat tolerance varies based on genotype and production levels, with animals at higher production levels being more susceptible to heat stress. Crossbred cattle, such as Karan Fries, exhibit greater metabolic heat production, methane emission, energy loss, and physiological responses compared to zebu cattle. The lower metabolic rate of zebu breeds suggests a superior adaptability to tropical climate regarding heat and methane production. Tharparkar demonstrates superior heat stress tolerance and thermoregulatory responses for providing thermotolerance against heat stress, facilitated by the expression of a highly conserved family of proteins known as heat shock proteins (HSPs). However, despite these thermoregulatory mechanisms, the productivity of zebu cattle, particularly Tharparkar, is significantly hindered in comparison to other indigenous and crossbred cattle.

 

Author (s) Details

Nistha Yadav
Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Arawali Veterinary College, Bajor, Sikar, Rajasthan, 332403, India.

 

Prateek Rao
Veterinary Anatomy, RPS, College of Veterinary Science, Balana, Mahendragarh, Haryana, India.

 

Damodaran Sreekumar
Department of Livestock Production Management, Arawali Veterinary College, Bajor, Sikar, Rajasthan, 332403, India.

 

Urmila Pannu
Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Bikaner, RAJUVAS, Rajasthan, India.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rpbs/v4/5697

The Contour Feathers of Cisticolae: Adaptations to Annual Rainfall | Chapter 3 | Geography, Earth Science and Environment: Research Highlights Vol. 7

This study has shown for the first time a correlation between the feather microstructure of land birds and the annual rainfall of their habitats that is shaped by the evolutionary forces of water repellency and resistance to water penetration. Birds of the genus Cisticola occur over most of Southern Africa in varying habitats ranging from low to high altitudes and wet to dry areas causing species to have unique distributions. In order to determine if Cisticolas have evolved species‐specific water repellency and resistance to water penetration compatible with their habitats, we have measured the barb diameter and spacing of abdominal, breast and throat feathers of six cisticola species and related the results to mean annual rainfall and altitudes in five different locations. Water repellency was not significantly associated with altitude or maximum mean summer temperatures. However, water repellency increased markedly with annual rainfall in the 550 to 600 mm/year range for abdominal and breast feathers, but not for throat feathers. This increase was evident both among species occurring at multiple sites and among different species occurring at single sites. Food sources too will change with higher or lower rainfall. If climate change involves access to open water, further changes in feather structure may be expected such as presently seen in Dippers and shorebirds. However, the two species occurring at the wettest sites showed low water repellency, but increased resistance to water penetration. These findings suggest that water repellency and resistance to water penetration are part of the evolutionary forces that shape the microstructure of Cisticola contour feathers.

Small changes in ramus width and spacing can alter a mostly water-repellent structure into one that is water resistant and vice versa. This feature represents a highly adaptive trait in the evolution of contour feathers for it enabled birds to colonize specific habitats and adopt specialized feeding habits.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Jana le Roux Klem
Research Unit, Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.

 

Hindrik Bouwman
Research Unit, Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.

 

Arie M. Rijke
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/geserh/v7/4441

Literary Genres in the Digital Age: Evolution, Adaptation, and Innovation | Chapter 14 | Digital Crossroads: Integrating Humanities, Science and Technology Edition 1

The rise of digital technology has transformed how literary genres evolve, reshaping storytelling methods and formats. Platforms like Kindle, Audible, and Twine have revolutionized storytelling by enhancing accessibility, interactivity, and adaptability. This paper explores how these innovations redefine genre conventions, enrich reader engagement through personalized, immersive experiences, and empower writers with creative tools and formats. It also examines challenges such as accessibility gaps, content quality concerns, and debates over digital works’ literary legitimacy. Looking ahead, emerging technologies like AI and VR promise to further revolutionize storytelling with hyper-personalized narratives and immersive environments.

 Additionally, it explores what these changes mean for authors, readers, and the literary canon.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Jayabala Girish
School of Skill Education, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai, India.

 

Priya Singh
Faculty of Humanities & Social Sciences, Principal I/C, MIT School of Education & Research, MIT Art, Design & Technology University, Pune, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-93-48859-10-5/CH14

Building Climate Adaptation Pathways: Community Tools and Planning in Yala Wetlands, Kenya | Chapter 1 | Geography, Earth Science and Environment: Research Highlights Vol. 3

Yala Wetlands is a critical ecosystem that filters water from the Nzoia and Yala Rivers into Lake Victoria and supports local communities which rely on artisanal fishing and small-scale agriculture. However, the wetland is increasingly threatened by human activities and climate change. This study applied the Community Climate Change Adaptation Assessment (C3A2) approach, using eight participatory tools including climate risk mapping, vulnerability assessments, and stakeholder analysis, to identify resilient community-level adaptation strategies for climate adaptation planning. Two tools were applied at the Siaya County level, while all eight were utilized at the community level. Data were collected from eighty respondents through interviews and focus group discussions, with analysis conducted at multiple stages. The study revealed that drought and floods were the most significant climate risks, disproportionately affecting vulnerable households. Agroforestry was identified as an effective strategy for mitigating drought and flood impacts, while ecotourism emerged as a viable solution for addressing human-wildlife conflict. The development of three Community-Based Adaptation Action Plans (CBAPs) led to the initiation of community-led projects, such as water harvesting and an agroforestry demonstration farm. The findings underscore the effectiveness of the C3A2 approach in creating locally accepted, resilient adaptation plans although site-specific adjustments are necessary for its broader application. The outcomes of the study have important implications for policy and practice, particularly in integrating community-driven strategies into broader climate adaptation frameworks. They also provide a foundation for future research in enhancing community resilience to climate change.

 

Author (s) Details

Leonard Akwany
Ecofinder Kenya, P.O. Box 179-40100, Kisumu, Kenya.

 

Roniance Adhiambo
Ecofinder Kenya, P.O. Box 179-40100, Kisumu, Kenya.

 

Maurice O. Ogoma

Ecofinder Kenya, P.O. Box 179-40100, Kisumu, Kenya and Department of Natural Resources, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536, Egerton, Kenya.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/geserh/v3/2389

Intricacies of Animal Behaviour: From Evolutionary Foundations to Practical Application | Book Publisher International

"Intricacies of Animal Behavior: From Evolutionary Foundations to Practical Application" delves into the fascinating world of animal behavior, exploring its evolutionary origins, ecological significance, and practical implications across various disciplines. Beginning with an overview of the evolutionary foundations of animal behavior, the book examines key concepts such as natural selection, genetic predispositions, and adaptive behaviors. It then delves into the diversity of animal behaviors across different taxa, from insects to mammals, highlighting the role of social interactions, communication, and cognition. Drawing on insights from ethology, ecology, and evolutionary biology, the book explores how animal behavior shapes ecological dynamics, species interactions, and ecosystem functioning. Furthermore, it discusses the practical applications of understanding animal behavior in fields such as conservation biology, animal welfare, and human-animal interactions. Through a multidisciplinary approach, this book provides a comprehensive understanding of the intricacies of animal behavior and its broader implications for science, society, and conservation efforts".

Author(s) Details:

Nayan K. Prasad,
Department of Zoology, RRM Campus, Tribhuvan University, Nepal.

Kumari Shachi,
Department of Zoology, K.S. College, Laheriasarai, L.N. Mithila University, Darbhanga, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/IABFEFPA/article/view/14211

Climate Change and Adaptation in Karkihalli Village, Koppala District, Karnataka, India: Perception about Farmer’s Awareness | Chapter 7 | Emerging Issues in Environment, Geography and Earth Science Vol. 9

 The present study assesses the impacts of climate change patterns, investigate farmers' experiences with climate change over the past two decades compared to the current situation, identify significant climate change events affecting agriculture and livestock and explore the mitigation measures adopted by farmers in response to climate change challenges in Karkihalli village, situated in the Koppala district of Karnataka, India. Climate refers to the long-term variation in the atmospheric conditions of specific regions, and climate change entails a gradual transformation in the climate system driven by both natural and anthropogenic factors. The Study conducted in Karkihalli village, Karnataka, India, aimed to assess the impact of climate change on agriculture and livestock, as well as the adaptation and mitigation strategies employed by farmers. Through interviews with ten farmers, it was found that a majority of farmers were aware of climate change and had observed various climate-related changes over the past two decades. These changes included rising temperatures, decreased rainfall, prolonged droughts and increased occurrences of heat waves, among others. The lack of water, deteriorating water quality, and heightened vulnerability of livestock and crops to pest and disease attacks were all clear indicators of how climate change was affecting agriculture. Farmers reported particular difficulties such newly discovered crop-damaging illnesses like fall armyworm and wilt disease, which resulted in large crop losses. Hailstorms and unpredictable monsoon patterns made matters worse, lowering agricultural yields and revenues. The deteriorating quality of food due to chemical farming practices was observed to have adverse effects on human health, with changes in food consumption habits contributing to an increase in diseases. Moreover, livestock diseases were more prevalent in recent years, likely linked to climate-related shifts. Farmers identified various drivers for climate change adaptation, including a lack of information and knowledge about climate change, accessibility to credit facilities and the outbreak of new diseases or food scarcity. While many lacked knowledge about climate change mitigation strategies, they had adopted practices like crop rotation, improved seeds and soil conservation technique. The study underscores the importance of addressing these challenges and promoting effective climate change adaptation to safeguard the livelihoods and agriculture of the village's residents.

Author(s) Details:

Suresh K. P.,
ICAR- National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Bengaluru, India.

Naveesh Y. B.,
ICAR- National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Bengaluru, India.

Sagar N.,
ICAR- National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Bengaluru, India.

Raaga R.,
ICAR- National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Bengaluru, India.

Ashwini M.,
ICAR- National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Bengaluru, India.

Jayashree A.,
ICAR- National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Bengaluru, India.

Sushma R.,
ICAR- National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Bengaluru, India.

Krishnamoorthy P.,
ICAR- National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Bengaluru, India.

Siju S. J.,
ICAR- National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Bengaluru, India.

Patil S. S.,
ICAR- National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Bengaluru, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/EIEGES-V9/article/view/13842

Assessing Women’s Adaptation in Response to Floods in Karonga District, Malawi | Chapter 10 | Recent Trends in Arts and Social Studies Vol. 4

 In the face of lasting flood hazards, adaptation becomes an necessary option. Globally, flood hazards have raised their frequency and severity; therefore women accompanying limited resources are frequently at a greater risk of the hazard's impacts on account of a lack of access to crucial occupation capitals. The study assessed daughters's adaptation strategies to put oneself in the place of another flood risks in Karonga District, Malawi. The study was a cross-sectional survey design employing all-inclusive and qualitative research designs. The quantitative method calm data utilizing a Household structured questionnaire, while the subjective method calm data using a tractor trailer-structured inquiry. The sampling technique for determinable was probability natural random sampling to select the three villages and to select female-headed households from the three villages. The subjective sampling technique secondhand purposive examining to choose KII and FDG participants purposely. The sample size for determinable was 120, calculated using the 2010 Fisher's rule; the target ratification rate was 9%. The sample size for qualitative dossier was 17 participants, five (5) from administration departments, two (2) from nongovernmental organisations, two (2) traditional officers and eight (8) members of FDG amounting to some members of ACPC and VCPC. Quantitative dossier were analysed using R and Excel, while qualitative dossier was analysed using Qualitative Data Analysis (QDA) Miner 6.0. Results demonstrated lower women participation in trouble training (12%), controversy participation (35%) and low full of enthusiasm DRM actions (20%). Other results recorded higher participation in farming (62%). Bivariate statistical study with association important at (p-value 0.05) was run, and results showed possession influencing pre-flood conduct (p-value=0.043). Bivariate statistics granted occupation to influence wives's ownership and control of land (p-value=0.041), while instruction influenced girls's participation in male-dominated actions (p-value=0.003). The study decided that women in the area were less flexible to flood hazards due to their depressed-income levels and patriarchal arrangement, which hindered their approach to adaptive volume domains like assets and instrumentality. The study recommends that policymakers in Disaster Risk Reduction and Management, in addition to implementers, should set a clear Time frame to ensure an direct and efficient shift from a sensitive to a proactive approach in DRR activities, that should too be gender inclusive.

Author(s) Details:

Barnet Chipeta,
Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, The Catholic University of Malawi, Malawi.

Maureen Kapute Mzuza,
Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, The Catholic University of Malawi, Malawi.

Isaac Kadono Mwalwimba,
Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, The Catholic University of Malawi, Malawi.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RTASS-V4/article/view/11186

Farm Women’s Awareness, Knowledge and Adaptation to Climate Change in Northern Transitional Zone of Karnataka, India | Chapter 5 | Novel Perspectives of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences Vol. 8

 This phase aimed to discover farmwomen awareness about temperature change, their knowledge about the signs of climate change and familiarization measure to minimize the negative impact of farming productivity. Climate change is the substantial threat to farming in countries about the globe in addition to in India. The impact of climate change is clear on the Indian monsoon, that has become more unpredictable and violent over the last few age. Crop  failures and raised infestation of contagions and insects have enhance rampant.Farmers in India are not completely aware of surroundings change and its  signs, causes, and impacts. This study was conducted all along 2018-19 under All India Co-ordinated Research Project on Home Science in Sulla village of Dharwad section of Karnataka state, India. Simple random sampling method was used to select 100 farm women in the center. A pre tested interview schedule was used to accumulate the data. The study told that all of the respondents were not knowledgeable about the increase in melting of snow, cold wave and frequent flood. The study tells that 36 % of the farm women belonged to depressed category of knowledge on indicators on environment change. It was also seen that all of the women were not knowledgeable about changes in farming whole in present climate condition. Energy and farming have always had a powerful relationship. Therefore, growing agricultural gain's energy effectiveness is a useful approach for lowering result costs and emissions. Results signify that women were ignorant of the causes of climate change, containing growing urbanisation, the use of pesticides, unaffected disasters, the blazing of fossil fuels and farm waste, the habit of electrical machines, and global preparing. Additionally, all of the ladies achieved intercropping, crop rotation, and a shift in the establishiing calendar.

Author(s) Details:

Geeta P. Channal,
AICRP -WIA (Extension), University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka, India.

Rekha Rayangoudar,
AICRP -WIA (Extension), University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka, India.

Supriya P. Patil,
AICRP -WIA (Extension), University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NPGEES-V8/article/view/11013

Investigating the Teachers’Attitude Regarding open Educational Resources (OER) at Sukhothai Thamathirat Open University, Thailand | Chapter 6 | Research Highlights in Language, Literature and Education Vol. 1

 In order to continue the cycle of collaboration and continuous improvement, the Open Educational Resource (OER) culture encourages teachers to include existing OER, change them, and share them with others. Finding the factors that affect OER adoption may be aided by understanding teachers' opinions about OER use and comparing data across schools. The main objective of this research is to ascertain how Thai university Sukhothai Thamathirat Open University (STOU) lecturers feel about open educational resources (OER). A five-point scale with the options strongly disagree to greatly agree was used to gauge the instructors' attitudes about open educational resources (OER) in this study. Based on the scale, it is possible to identify OER adaptation, use, and sharing. The STOU professors received the questionnaire. 32 STOU respondents were included in the analysis. Information was gathered via an online form. Statistical techniques were used to analyse the data. Frequency measurements were used to represent demographic and other data in addition to the chi-square test. The analysis was performed using SPSS. Teachers in Thailand are urged to share OER for both their own personal and professional growth. The vast majority of them are motivated to share and contribute to OER in order to advance ideas in a knowledge society, which is an interesting observation.

Author(s) Details:

Jeetendra Pande,
School of Computer Science and IT, Uttarakhand Open University, India.

Alka Singh,
Central Institute of Educational Technology, National Council for Educational Research and Training, Sri Aurobindo Marg, New Delhi - 110096, India.

Kamolrat Intaratat,
School of Communication Arts, Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University, Thailand.

G. Mythili,
Staff Training and Research Institute of Distance Education, Indira Gandhi National Open University, Maidan Garhi, New Delhi, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHLLE-V1/article/view/8325

An Overview of the Adaptive Robust DFT and It’s Applications | Chapter 6 | Technological Innovation in Engineering Research Vol. 4

This paper discusses the resilient discrete Fourier transform (RDFT) approach, which is used for robust processing of wideband and frequency-modulated (FM) signals buried in non-Gaussian heavy-tailed noise. We concentrate on using robust estimators, both adaptive and non-adaptive, to conduct spectrum analysis and filtering on signals that have undergone impulsive distortions. It is shown that using adaptive location parameter estimators is better than using non-adaptive ones by exploring a variety of them. By contrasting the effectiveness of adaptive and non-adaptive RDFT approaches in various noise scenarios, this is demonstrated. Recent developments in the area are also covered.

Author(s) Details:

Oleksii Roienko,

National Aerospace University, Kharkov, Ukraine.

Vladimir Lukin,

National Aerospace University, Kharkov, Ukraine.

Viacheslav Oliinyk,

National Aerospace University, Kharkov, Ukraine.

Igor Djurovic,

University of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro.

Marco Simeunovic,

University of Donja Gorica, Podgorica, Montenegro.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/TIER-V4/article/view/7311

Color Vision Impairment in School Children | Chapter 2 | Highlights on Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 15

 Background: Color vision impairment affects 3-4% of people in India, and it goes unnoticed until later in life because people develop adaptations to cope to some extent, while others are unaware of the disease. The goal of this study is to determine the prevalence of color vision impairment in students aged 6 to 15 in various Jalandhar schools. Methods: A prospective community-based study of 5000 students was conducted to determine the prevalence of color vision impairment. Students were tested using the 38th edition of Ishihara Pseudoisochromatic Color Plates. If the student had a color vision impairment, it was further classified. The collected data was compiled and analyzed to determine the prevalence of color vision impairment, gender-specific prevalence, and the prevalence of different types of color vision impairment. Students between the ages of 6 and 15 from 15 different schools were screened. The study included 5000 students, with 2022 (40.44 percent ) males and 2978 (59.56 percent ) females. 85 students (1.7 percent) had color vision impairment, with 79 (1.58 percent) males and 6 (0.12 percent) females. Among the colorblind, 79.94 percent were protanopes, 6.05 percent were deuteranopes, and none were tritanopes. Protanopes were 75 (94.94 percent ) males and 4 (5.06 percent ) females, while deuteranopes were 4 (66.7 percent ) males and 2 (5.06 percent ) females (33.3 percent ). Conclusion: Males are more likely than females to have color vision impairment. Protonopia is the most common type of color vision impairment, followed by deutronopia. Our study did not include any mention of tritanopia. It is strongly advised that children be screened for color vision impairment at a young age.

 
Author (S) Details

Dr. T. Moudgil
Department of Ophthalmology, Punjab Institute of Medical Sciences, Jalandhar, Punjab, India.
Jacqueline Jacinta Dias

Dr. R. Arora
Department of Physiology, Punjab Institute of Medical Sciences, Jalandhar, Punjab, India.

Dr. K. Kaur
Department of Pathology, Punjab Institute of Medical Sciences, Jalandhar, Punjab, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/HMMR-V15/article/view/1952

Engendering Climate Change Impacts and Community Adaptation Strategies in Samburu Pastoral Communities, Kenya | Chapter 11 | Recent Research Advances in Biology Vol. 6

 Climate change poses a serious challenge to humanity's survival. Millions of people are already being impacted by current weather extremes, which are jeopardising food and water stability, as well as agricultural supply chains and many habitats and resources. Climate change is increasing the frequency of these incidents, exposing extreme poor countries to greater risks than affluent countries. Climate change has an effect on both men and women's lives in a variety of ways. Concerns are growing that climate change talks do not completely include affected groups, despite the fact that each of these groups is influenced by climate change in various ways. The effects of climate change, gender roles in the adaptation process, and various techniques used in a pastoralist society were all discussed in this article. The research was carried out in Kenya's Samburu East District, using participatory methods and approaches. The study used a survey method in which 180 households were randomly selected from a homogeneous pastoralist community; gender and age were also used to select the appropriate household respondents during purposive sampling. We have used focus groups, primary informant interviews, life histories, and observation. According to the results of the report, climate change impacts were felt differently by men and women in Samburu District. Women were found to be more vulnerable to the effects than their male counterparts due to the community's culturally gender constructed roles. The adaptation process revealed that women were more adaptable and had stronger strategies for resilience. The study concluded that gender must be mainstreamed in policies and legal structures that anchor Kenya's adaptation and mitigation of climate change, ensuring that both men and women participate fully in burden sharing and long-term growth. The study found that ethos and norms are important determinants of impact levels in the social framework of a society.

Author (s) Details

Eunice B. Ongoro
Insitute for Climate Change and Adaptation, University of Nairobi, P. O. Box 30197-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.

William Ogara
Department of Public Health Pharmacology, and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nairobi, Kenya.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/RRAB-V6/article/view/816

The Role of Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVK) in Strengthening National Agricultural Research Extension System in India | Chapter 9 | Insights into Economics and Management Vol. 8

 Any country's agricultural growth is dependent on its research and development efforts, which are combined with extension agencies to form a network of Research-Extension systems, also known as the Agricultural Knowledge Information System (AKIS). The knowledge triangle created by science, education, extension, and farmers at the centre of the triangle is referred to as AKIS. ICAR implemented many frontline extension approaches to improve the National Agricultural Research Extension System (NARES), including National Demonstration (1964), Operational Research Project (1974), Krishi Vigyan Kendra (1974), and Lab to Land programme (1979), which were merged into KVK in 1992. KVK's mandate has grown from vocational training to Technology Assessment and Demonstration for Application and Capacity Development in a District in response to India's growing contribution to NARES. KVK conducted technology evaluation for location specificity, refinement for micro location on farm real problem basis, and final validation of technologies for large scale adoption by farmers, despite technologies being developed at ICAR or State Agricultural Universities. The Technologies Assessment and Refinement (TAR) method validates technologies through an on-farm trial with active farmer participation and a holistic on-farm situation study conducted by KVK scientists. After TAR, compatible consistent technologies were fed into the extension framework for large-scale implementation via Front Line Demonstration under the close supervision of KVK scientists and extension officials to convince them of the results. KVK develops the capacity of farmers, farm women, rural youth, NGOs, and extension functionaries through training programmes and partnerships with allied agencies to provide complementary services. KVK also serves as a Single Window Delivery System and Knowledge Resource Center for a variety of technical items and advisories, allowing the district's broader clients to be reached via ICT. KVK engages in several convergence activities with district stakeholders in order to offer the best support to the district's farming population.

Author (s) Details

Alok K. Sahoo
Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bargarh, Odisha University of Agriculture & Technology, ICAR, India.

Susrita Sahu
Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bargarh, Odisha University of Agriculture & Technology, ICAR, India.

Sanat K. Meher
Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bargarh, Odisha University of Agriculture & Technology, ICAR, India.

Rukeiya Begum
Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bargarh, Odisha University of Agriculture & Technology, ICAR, India.

Tarak C. Panda
Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bargarh, Odisha University of Agriculture & Technology, ICAR, India.

N. C. Barik
Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bargarh, Odisha University of Agriculture & Technology, ICAR, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/IEAM-V8/article/view/657

Portuguese Literature and Film: Ideological and Symbolic Metamorphosis in Manhã Submersa: From the Novel by Vergílio Ferreira to the Film by Lauro António | Chapter 2 | Modern Perspectives in Language, Literature and Education Vol. 1

 In his novel Manhã Submersa, the Portuguese writer Vergílio Ferreira devotes profound attention to the treatment of space, which acquires a powerful symbolism and results in a vector for the creation of the identity of the main character. Room, physical and psychological, because of the influences and echoes in the personality, is very important for the internal growth of the main character. The director Lauro António, who adapted the novel to the cinema, often used space as an important element for the character 's narrative and characterization, using different methods from the novel, however. The dynamic network of ties between literature and film represents these changes and carries along the idea of adaptation, its meaning and conceptual boundaries.

Author(s) Details

Dr. Luis Cardoso
Polytechnic Institute of Portalegre, Centre for Comparative Studies – University of Lisbon, Portugal.

View Book :- https://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/296

Discussing the Potentials of Rural Women for Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation: Implications for Sustainable Agriculture | Chapter 4 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 3

 The focus of the study was on rural women's ability to combat climate change and adapt to sustainable agriculture. In the management of complex households, rural women play an important role and follow several livelihood strategies that ensure that food is accessible to the increasing population. Climate change has significantly affected the activities of these rural women, who have developed mitigation and adaptation strategies to cope with the impacts associated with it. However, there has been inadequate utilisation of the possible contributions of rural women to climate change mitigation and adaptation for sustainable agriculture. The study suggested that mitigation and adaptation policies should be developed and enforced in order to include strategies for improved social security, business growth and job generation among rural women. Cushioning the impact on rural women of climate change. It also emphasises that the identification and implementation of agricultural programmes to support outreach education and training initiatives to facilitate the development of the skills of rural women in agricultural production who are vulnerable to climate change remains essential for sustainability.

Author (s) Details

Dr. E. N. Mbah
Department of Agricultural Extension and Communication, Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria.

Dr. N. E. Amah
Federal College of Animal Heath and Production Technology, Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria.

E. T. Yanjoh
Department of Agricultural Extension and Management, Akperan Orshi College of Agriculture, Yandev, Benue State, Nigeria.

View Book :- https://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/274