A Simplified and Accurate Method of Computing Inlet Head of Multi-Outlet Pipelines | Chapter 16 | Emerging Trends in Engineering Research and Technology Vol. 5

 

The multi-outlet pipelines normally called as lateral lines are the major important components of the micro irrigation and sprinkler irrigation systems. To maintain the allowable discharge variation of the outlets, the variation in pressure along the length of the pipelines due to frictional head loss and elevation is restricted within a specified limit. In this process, the accurate computation of the inlet head of the lateral lines becomes necessary for proper design of the system. The generally used formulae of computing the inlet heads involve different values of coefficients quoted in literature without proper justification. This leads to over or under computed values of the inlet head. In this paper, equations are developed to accurately compute the value of the inlet head of lateral lines. The equations are based on the mathematical series of varying discharge from one outlet to other. The equations are simplified using mathematical logics and finally obtained in the compact forms to be used with the exponents of flow and diameter of different frictional head loss formulae. The verification and application of the formulae are illustrated with the standard example problems. The developed formulae can be easily and accurately used for computing the inlet head of lateral lines of micro irrigation and sprinkler irrigation systems.

 

Author(s) Details

Atish Sagar

Division of Agricultural Engineering, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.

Prashant Singh

Division of Agricultural Engineering, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.

Pankaj Malkani

Division of Agricultural Engineering, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/etert/v5

DM3730 Processor Hardware Debugging on Linux Platform and Its Application| Chapter 15 | Emerging Trends in Engineering Research and Technology Vol. 5

 

Texas Instruments fabricated a single chip DM3730 processor with 45 nm technology with improved performance. Less power consumption and improved Graphics features are the key parameters of ARM architecture. DM3730 has 1 GHz processor with 0.4mm pitch Package on Package. Design of effective system is facilitated by properly debugging the hardware and software. The system for detection of driver fatigue for its implementation requires coming in contact with the camera to capture driver image, speaker for warning messages, GSM module to disseminate SMS, mouse, internet, keyboard, etc. for installing different packages. In this paper, DM3730 Processor is tested for different peripherals on Linux Platform. This paper is a part of research work on the project “Development of Non-Intrusive Driver Fatigue Detection & Alarming System to evade on road accidents” sanctioned under Early Career Research Award sponsored by Science & Engineering Research Board, Govt. of India, New Delhi at Vignan Institute of Technology & Science, Vignan Hills, Hyderabad.

 

Author(s) Details

K. Yadaiah

Department of ECE, Vignan Institute of Technology and Science, India.

Vijayalaxmi Biradar

Department of ECE, Vignan Institute of Technology and Science, India.

G. Durga Sukumar

Department of EEE, Vignan Institute of Technology and Science, India.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/etert/v5

Restoration of Koolipalayam Reservoir by Using Bioclean STP Technology in Tirupur District, Tamilnadu | Chapter 14 | Emerging Trends in Engineering Research and Technology Vol. 5

 

This study revealed a poor situation for the  lack of water bodies and the available water bodies being polluted by dying unit effluents and other harmful industrial effluents being let out into the available water source due to lack of waste disposal units. The demand for water in and around Tirupur region is very high as the water bodies are very few in number even the available water bodies are being polluted by dying unit effluents and other harmful industrial effluents being let out into the available water source due to lack of waste disposal units. This Kollipalayam reservoir has been a home for several inland and migratory birds for centuries. The water source is the Nallar River, flowing from the Avinashi big Tank and few sewage canals, carrying the effluents and sewage from Tirupur town. Eventually the water level has never come down due to the above sources. The flora and fauna of this tank attracts as many as 135 species of birds from all over. Inland birds like Spot-billed Pelicans, Painted Storks, and etc. It also brings in a huge number of species from other parts of the World during the winter. Starting from November, every year, various birds flock in to kollipalayam reservoir and spend their winter and leave back to their home by the end of March. Bio-Ozolyte Technology has been implemented to treat and restoration the water in the reservoir. In this technology involves three treatments they are biological treatment, Ozone treatment and Anoyte treatment. This study strongly recommends increases the dissolved oxygen level in the water and makes the water favorable for existence of organisms and fit for usage. If this reservoir is restored, all water demands in and around Tirupur can be met.

 

 

Author(s) Details

S. Mohan

Deparment of Civil Engineering, Mahendra Engineering College, Namakkal, Tamilnadu, India.

N. Muralimohan

Deparment of Civil Engineering, K.S.R College of Engineering, Tiruchengode, Tamilnadu, India.

P. Tamilchelvan

Deparment of Civil Engineering, Muthayammal College of Engineering, Namakkal, Tamilnadu, India.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/etert/v5

AL-Transformation on M Class Ak* Operator | Chapter 13 | Emerging Trends in Engineering Research and Technology Vol. 5

 

Operators in Complex Hilbert spaces has been the interest of emerging researchers in the recent years. Takayuki Furuta et al studied AL- transformation on p-hyponormal operators in 1996. Later, yamazaki et al. studied AL- transformation and powers of operators for class A(k) operator in the year 2001. This research work was further carried over by Pannayappan et al. and D. Senthil Kumar et al. In this discipline, we studied AL- transformation and *- AL- transformation for the new class of operator named M class Ak* operator on a non-zero Complex Hilbert space.

 

Author(s) Details

P. Shanmugapriya

Department of Mathematics, Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College, Coimbatore – 641 022, Tamil Nadu, India.

P. Maheswari Naik

Department of Mathematics, Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College, Coimbatore – 641 022, Tamil Nadu, India.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/etert/v5

Assessment of Seismic Vulnerability of a Reinforced Concrete Building Located in India |Chapter 12| Emerging Trends in Engineering Research and Technology Vol. 5

 

The effect of earthquake causes loss of life and property in many places all over the world. This creates the need to assess the seismic performance of the structures. The latest development leads to finding the direct losses and damage states of the buildings for various intensities of earthquake ground motions. In the present study, seismic vulnerability assessment was done for a medium rise building (G+5). The design peak ground acceleration of 0.16 g and 0.36 g were considered for the risk assessment. The nonlinear static pushover analysis was done to fine the performance point, spectral acceleration and corresponding spectral acceleration by Equivalent Linearization (EL) method given by Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA-440). The four damage states such as slight, moderate, extreme and collapse has been considered as per HAZUS-MR4. The seismic vulnerability in terms of fragility curves was developed to evaluate the damage probabilities based on HAZUS methodology. The discrete and cumulative damage probability was found for all the damage states of the building which shows the building at 0.16 g experience slight damage whereas at 0.36 g the moderate damage state equally becomes predominant.

 

Author(s) Details

S. Prasanth

Department of Civil Engineering, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology (MNNIT), Allahabad, Prayagraj- 211004, India.

Goutam Ghosh

Department of Civil Engineering, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology (MNNIT), Allahabad, Prayagraj- 211004, India.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/etert/v5

Geochemistry and Potential Industrial Application of Marble from Ikpeshi, South-West, Nigeria |Chapter 11 | Emerging Trends in Engineering Research and Technology Vol. 5

 

The aim of this chapter is to use geochemistry to determine the economic potential of marble from Ikpeshi area. Nigeria has a variety of rich solid minerals and rocks such as marble which if fully exploited will boost the economic potentials of the country. Forty five (45) marble samples were collected and subjected to petrographic, physical analyses and geochemical analysis using the inductively coupled plasma –mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Geochemical data indicated that the marble deposits at Ikpeshi has variable geochemical characteristics; some have low dolomite CaMg (CO3)2 (1.35-7.44%) and high calcite CaCO3 (82.78-95.61%) while the Golden Girl quarry has moderate dolomite (41.38-41.42%) and moderate calcite (61.03-61.58%). Physical tests indicated high tensile strength (17.342-31.550MPa), compressive strength (259.515-3892.73MPa) and shear strength (44.70-68.51MPa), respectively. Petrographic studies revealed that the marble contains calcite, dolomite, quartz, opaque mineral, actinolite, lead, feldspar and chlorite at various proportions. Based on these characteristics, the marble from Ikpeshi is suitable as raw materials for manufacture of lime, drugs, toothpaste, paper and paint. It is also important in the production of livestock feed, electrical insulators, flooring tiles and terrazzo chips. The marble is unsuitable as a raw material for the production of cement unless blended.

 

Author(s) Details

Romanus Obasi

Department of Geology, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.

Fredrick Isife

Department of Mineral Resources Engineering, The Federal Polytechnic, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/etert/v5

An Appraisal of the Variation in the Physico– mechanical Properties of Granitic Aggregates: Focus on Some Quarry Sites in Ogun State, Nigeria| Chapter 10 | Emerging Trends in Engineering Research and Technology Vol. 5

 

Coarse aggregate is an essential constituent of concrete constituting about 60% to 80% of concrete depending on the mix ratio. Granite is reported to be the most widely distributed plutonic rock in the earth crust. It is predominantly available in various parts of Ogun State of Nigeria. Its different properties have been known to strongly influence the fresh and hardened state properties of concrete. In this study, samples of four different sizes of granites (9.5 mm, 12.5 mm, 19 mm and 25 mm) were obtained from four different quarry sites across the state. Sieve analysis was carried out on samples from all the locations while the physical properties such as specific gravity, moisture content and water absorption and the Mechanical properties such as aggregate impact value and aggregate crushing value of the samples were evaluated. The result of the sieve analysis reveals that there are variations in the gradations of samples from the various locations. The results of the specific gravity, moisture content and water absorption vary from 2.61 to 2.86, 0.69 to 1.22%, 0.16 to 2.13% respectively. While the aggregate impact value and aggregate crushing value vary from 18.30 to 28.12% and 6.21 to 9.45% respectively. It was therefore concluded that there are variations in the physical and mechanical properties of granites produced in Ogun State of Nigeria. The observed variations occur in relation to the various sizes and for the different quarry sites.  

 

Author(s) Details.

S. S. Omopariola

Department of Civil Engineering, The Federal Polytechnic Ilaro, Ilaro, Ogun State, Nigeria.

A. A. Jimoh

Department of Civil Engineering, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/etert/v5