This article reviewed the potential application of
keratinase enzyme produced by microorganisms, especially the fungus.
Keratinases have found their uses in diverse sectors like cosmetic industry and
acne treatment. Keratin is a fibrous insoluble protein in the epithelial cells
of vertebrates and represents the major constituents of skin, hair, feathers,
wool, and nails. Based on the structure keratin is divided into two – α keratin
present in the hair horn and nail of mammals & β Keratin which can be seen
in feather nail¸ claws etc. The intriguing proteolytic enzymes known as
keratinases have the ability to break down the insoluble protein keratin, which
is resistant to the actions of conventional proteolytic enzymes such as papain,
trypsin, and pepsin. gaining ground in the potentially useful field of
biotechnology. Keratinases are a noteworthy enzyme since they can successfully
handle substrates like hair, hoof, horn, feather nail, etc. because keratin is
too hard to destroy. Utilizing keratinase to break down chicken feathers
increases the nutritional content of feather meal and can be used to create
uncommon amino acids including proline, cysteine, serine, and methionine. The
potential use of these enzymes has been associated with cosmetic industry and
acne treatment. The other applications of keratinase include the production of
biofuel, detergent, films, coatings, glues and pesticidal toxins, degumming of
silk, scale removal from wool fibre, degradation of prions etc. Keratinases are
produced by different microorganisms like fungi and bacteria by submerged as
well as solid state fermentation methods. The keratinase enzymes are considered
as biodegradable, eco-friendly enzymes without any harmful effects like that of
the chemical counterparts. As the separation of bacterial keratinase is a cost
intensive process compared to fungal keratinase, the review is focussed on
isolation, purification and the applications of fungal keratinase.
Author(s) Details:
Mini K. D.,
Department of Zoology, Sree Sankara College, Kalady, India.
Jyothis
Mathew,
School
of Biosciences, M.G University, Kottayam, India.
Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/IBS-V2/article/view/14139
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