Determining the Factors Influencing Job Satisfaction of Management and Professional Employees in Public Sector Malaysia | Chapter 12 | Current Aspects in Business, Economics and Finance Vol. 2

 

In this context, there are five aspects that affect management and professional staff' job satisfaction. Workplace stress, perceived organizational support, training, peer support, and a participative leadership style are among the contributing variables. In particular, among managers and professionals working in Malaysia's public sector, this study provides empirical evidence for the notion that job satisfaction helps to reduce turnover intentions.

Author(s) Details:

Abdul Rahim Zumrah,
Faculty of Leadership and Management, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia.

Kalsom Ali
Faculty of Leadership and Management, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia.

Ahmad Najaa’ Mokhtar,
Faculty of Leadership and Management, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CABEF-V2/article/view/7648

Revised Study of Daily Time Series Data Analysis of Market Prices | Chapter 11 | Current Aspects in Business, Economics and Finance Vol. 2

 

This study aims to shed light on the occurrence of time series traits in the daily stock prices of securities traded on regulated exchanges. In contrast to earlier studies, this one focuses on real prices of traded assets as opposed to index numbers of daily stock market values. The idea of market efficiency and its application to the short-term forecasting of closing values of traded securities are further reasons why this work is significant. Additionally, the study contains evaluations of stock market responses to pandemic impacts (Scherf, Matschke, and Rieger, 2022) as well as approaches for forecast modification.

Author(s) Details:

Jeffrey Jarrett,
University of Rhode Island, US.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CABEF-V2/article/view/7647

Prevalence and Otorhinological Symptoms of People with COVID-19 in Rivers State: A Prospective Descriptive Study | Chapter 15 | Current Practice in Medical Science Vol. 6

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly crossed all international borders and spread over the entire planet. Lower respiratory tract symptoms as fever, coughing, dyspnea, and tightness in the chest predominately define it. On the other hand, COVID-19 results in symptoms of the upper respiratory tract like nasal congestion, sore throat, and olfactory impairment. Therefore, the goal of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and ENT/otorhinolaryngologic (ENT) symptomatology of COVID-19 patients in Rivers State. All Rivers State hospital patients with COVID-19 designation who gave their consent to participate in the study were the subject of a prospective descriptive analysis. 2223 samples were collected overall, of which 137 (6.16 percent) were symptomatic and 2086 (93.84 percent) were asymptomatic, according to the Nigerian protocol for sample collection and PCR diagnosis for SARS COV-2. Age, sex, the day the symptoms started, and the day the sample was collected were all noted. According to the NCDC's guidelines, a diagnosis of COVID-19 infection was made using multiplex RT-PCR and Gene Finder by Osang Korea. Out of a total of 2223 patients evaluated, the results showed that 206 had positive COVID-19 results, whereas 2017 (91 percent) had negative results. As asymptomatic patients carry COVID-19 infections and place a significant burden on healthcare systems, the study shows that COVID-19 prevalence among symptomatic and asymptomatic patients in the study area is considerable and of epidemiologic concern. The study also showed that the main symptom of Covid 19 is ENT syndrome.

 

Author (s) Details

U. A. Oparaodu

Department of Ear, Nose and Throat Surgery, Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

G. C. Owhonda

Department of Community Medicine, College of Medical Sciences, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

F. E. Aaron

Department of Surgery, Rivers State University, Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

J. R. Inuele

Rivers State Public Health Emergency Operations Center, Rivers State Nigeria.

S. T. Livingstone

Rivers State Public Health Emergency Operations Center, Rivers State Nigeria.

 

View Book :-  https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMS-V6/article/view/7689

Thyroid Cancer | Chapter 14 | Current Practice in Medical Science Vol. 6

There are two types of thyroid tumours: those that develop from parafollicular cells and those that develop from follicular cells (C cells). Papillary carcinoma, follicular carcinoma, oncocytic cell carcinoma (Hürthle), weakly differentiated carcinoma, and anaplastic carcinoma are examples of differentiated thyroid cancer, which develops from follicular cells. By the year 2022, it is anticipated that there will be 43,800 instances of thyroid cancer in the United States of America, since the incidence has been steadily rising. The majority of instances of this neoplasm, which is classified as the most frequent endocrine tumour and accounts for about 3 percent of all malignant tumours in humans, occur in women in 75 percent of cases, and in people under 55 in 60 percent of cases. The conventional one-size-fits-all strategy to differentiated thyroid cancer has to be reevaluated in light of the rise in the prevalence and incidence of low-risk thyroid cancer during the past 10 to 20 years. This shift to a more customised approach to treating thyroid cancer patients has produced a diagnosis, initial treatment, adjuvant therapy, and follow-up strategy for patients with differentiated thyroid cancer that is considerably more risk-adapted. In this research, evidence-based medicine is used to review current knowledge regarding the clinical presentation, diagnostic process, and treatment of thyroid cancer.

 

Author (s) Details

Fernando Cordera

Sociedad Quirúrgica S.C., American British Cowdray Medical Center, Mexico City, Mexico.

Rodrigo Arrangoiz

Mount Sinai Medical Center, Columbia University, Miami, FL, USA.

 

View Book :-  https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMS-V6/article/view/7688

Are TFPI and β-TG Indicators of Severity in COVID-19? | Chapter 13 | Current Practice in Medical Science Vol. 6

Background: In cases of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affecting the lung, thromboembolic consequences have been described as a major pathologic event that poses a serious risk to life. This is supported by autopsy reports of alveolar destruction and pulmonary intravascular microthrombi. The brand-new coronavirus (CoV) doesn't seem to have any inherent procoagulant properties. The inflammatory reaction is most likely what caused the coagulation abnormalities in COVID-19. Based on high interleukin-6 levels, COVID-19 exhibits significant inflammation (IL-6). Based on high D-dimer levels, this COVID-19-related inflammation causes coagulopathy (DD). According to COVID-19, an endotheliopathy appears to be a factor in microvascular thrombosis. This study's objective is to confirm the coagulation anomalies in 100 patients with significant COVID-19 lung involvement and their relationship to the disease's severity and prognosis.

Method: Indicators of inflammation, endothelial function, and coagulation were measured and compared between patients with severe and mild illness.

Results: Severe COVID-19 patients had higher levels of IL-6, TNF-a, TF, VWF, D-dimer, TAT, and fibrinogen. We also assessed -TG levels that were higher than the plasma levels of PF4 in patients with severe COVID-19, and we found that platelet adhesion was increased. This is because PF4 is rapidly removed from plasma. As compared to moderate COVID-19 patients, all severe COVID-19 patients had shortened CT and CFT, high MCF, and low LY at 30 minutes.

Conclusions: TFPI is said to be a natural anticoagulant that reduces coagulation and inflammation. As a result, we detected TFPI levels that were above normal without causing the inflammation and coagulation to stop, thereby demonstrating the clinical severity of individuals with severe COVID-19.

 

 

Author (s) Details

Rossella Cacciola

Hemostasis/Hematology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catania-95123 Catania, Italy.

Elio Gentilini Cacciola

Policlinico “Umberto I”, Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, “Sapienza “ University of Rome-00182 Rome, Italy.

Veronica Vecchio

Hemoastasi/Hematology Unit, Medical School of Catania,University of Catania 95123 Catania, Italy.

Emma Cacciola

Hemostasis/Hematology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.

 

View Book :-  https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMS-V6/article/view/7687

Investigating Grape Insurance in the Conegliano-Valdobbiadene Prosecco Docg Area, Economic Analysis and Assessment of Policy Measures, Period 2014-2017 | Chapter 10 | Current Aspects in Business, Economics and Finance Vol. 2

 

 The protection of crop products depends on agricultural insurance. The increasing frequency of catastrophic weather events in Italy has a substantial impact on the dynamics of the crop insurance market by lowering insurance companies' propensity to assume climatic risks. This study's primary focus is the demand for insurance in the Conegliano-Valdobbiadene region's Controlled and Guaranteed Designation of Origin (Docg) district. The analysis's goal is to close the knowledge gap in winegrowers' attitudes about insurance by giving a very precise snapshot of adherence to agricultural policy measures. The research begins with the microdata of each insured farm at the municipal level, providing a first economic picture of the viticulture in the Docg Prosecco region. The second objective is to establish an appropriate assessment of the insurance demand using novel indicators that pinpoint the primary economic impacts of public contributions for the three market participants—winegrowers, public stakeholders, and insurance firms. The study offers insightful results analysis, discussion, and potential policy ramifications. The subsidy efficiency index is specifically used to investigate the impact of public measures (SEI). Its overall positive highlights the relative effectiveness of the grant level. The ability to accurately depict the actual structure of subsidized grape insurance in such a clear setting can be a significant asset for information transmission to stakeholders and policy makers.

Author(s) Details:

Antonio De Pin,
Department of Economics, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, San Giobbe 873, Cannaregio, 30121 Venice, Italy.

Pier Paolo Miglietta,
Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via per Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.

Benedetta Coluccia,
Department of Veterinary and Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia, Italy.

Fabian Capitanio,
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 96, 80055 Portici, Italy.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CABEF-V2/article/view/7646

Drugs that Target Cellular Signaling Pathways for Breast Cancer Treatment | Chapter 12 | Current Practice in Medical Science Vol. 6

Numerous molecular targeting agents have been created as a result of the discovery of genetic abnormalities and the investigation of various cellular signalling pathways. These agents can be used as therapeutic targets for a variety of diseases. Many new medications have been become available recently to treat breast cancer. These medications can be used orally or intravenously. These drug delivery techniques reduce toxicity and boost effectiveness. The patients have benefited in numerous ways from these new medications and delivery systems, which have replaced the more time-consuming older ones. They have fewer adverse effects and provide patients with better benefits.

 

Author (s) Details

Nadeem Kizilbash

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad-45320, Pakistan.

Marjan Assefi

University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27403, USA.

Naila Mahmood

Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Atta-ur-Rehman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan.

Sohila Nankali

Northcentral University, San Diego, CA, USA.

A. Nanklai

Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.

Gholamreza Abdi

Department of Biotechnology, Persian Gulf Research Institute, Bushehr, 75169, Iran.

 

 

View Book :-  https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMS-V6/article/view/7686

OHADA Uniform Accounting Act Compliance Assessment for Public Limited Companies | Chapter 9 | Current Aspects in Business, Economics and Finance Vol. 2

 

African nations that speak French have made and are still making extraordinary efforts to align their domestic financial reporting system with international financial reporting standards (IFRS). A significant step towards harmonizing reporting practices domestically and internationally was the transition from the OCAM streams (effective in 1985) to the OHADA Uniform Act (effective in 2001), and now to the OHADA Uniform Act on Accounting and Financial Reporting, which includes 17 member countries. This empirical study investigates whether the efforts at harmonization, particularly in the wake of the 2001 standards, have successfully converged the accounting procedures of businesses. The study specifically looks into how closely public limited liability businesses abide by the OHADA Uniform Act and whether their adherence has increased over time. The annual reports for 2008 and 2009 from three public limited companies in the OHADA zone that transform their financial statements into IFRS were used in the study. The compliance index and closeness ranks have been used in data analysis. Results show a comparatively high level of OHADA Uniform Act on Accounting and Financial Reporting compliance. The results also demonstrate convergence in limited company accounting standards across member nations as they were found to be remarkably compliant, particularly in nations that have adopted the Statistics and Tax Returns (or "DSF") as a reporting system.

Author(s) Details:

Michael Forzeh Fossung,
School of Business Studies, Fomic Polytechnic University, Buea, Cameroon.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CABEF-V2/article/view/7645

A Literature Review on Neuroprotective Activities of Curcumin in Parkinson’s Disease | Chapter 11 | Current Practice in Medical Science Vol. 6

Dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) are impacted by Parkinson's disease (PD), a multisystem condition that causes a decrease in dopamine (DA) at their striatal terminals. Levodopa or DA receptor agonists are used to treat Parkinson's disease because they replace the role of diminished DA in the striatum. Extended use of these medications for treatment has variable therapeutic outcomes and may cause undesirable dyskinesia. Therefore, a crucial unmet need in the treatment of Parkinson's disease is to develop novel methods to slow down, stop, or reverse the process of neurodegeneration. Researchers are looking into natural substances with neuroprotective characteristics as potential treatments. A polyphenolic compound called curcumin is obtained from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa (turmeric). As a potential therapeutic and nutraceutical agent for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, it has been demonstrated to possess potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, free radical scavenging, mitochondrial protecting, iron-chelating, and MAO inhibitory effects.

 

Author (s) Details

Eslam El Nebrisi

Department of Pharmacology, Dubai Medical College, Dubai 20170, United Arab Emirates.

 

View Book :-  https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMS-V6/article/view/7685

Use of “Privatization”: A Socioeconomic Point of View | Chapter 8 | Current Aspects in Business, Economics and Finance Vol. 2

 

The main objectives of privatization are to improve the financial health of the public sector, strengthen the role of the private sector in job creation, and provide free resources for use in public-interest sectors like education, security, health, housing, transportation, and other infrastructure development initiatives. Production efficiency increases also contribute to faster economic growth and development. Globalization has led to a significant increase in the prevalence of privatization. Privatizations carried out with the intention of reducing the deficit and paying off debts could provide a fictitious sense of temporary prosperity. However, the primary objectives of privatizations are gradually moving toward secondary goals, with the majority of privatizations attempting to reduce the public financial deficit. Through hurried and improper privatizations, societies suffer significant long-term losses when institutions that were built up over time with public monies and have historical and social relevance for nations are transferred to the private sector. In order to address the public financial deficit, privatizations escalated in our country in the 1980s. However, at this time, debts mounted even more, effective institutions were destroyed, and public losses became apparent. The majority of public-private partnership ventures, which should be viewed as a kind of privatization, have cost the general public significantly more than their true costs. As a result, when the privatizations were taken in their entirety, the public suffered more losses than gains.

Author(s) Details:

Abdullah Murat Tuncer,
Department of Political Science, Conley American University, Honolulu, USA.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CABEF-V2/article/view/7644

Diagnosis of Renal Function and Structure for Sickle Cell Anemia in India during Vaso-occlusive Crisis (Voc) | Chapter 10 | Current Practice in Medical Science Vol. 6

In the current investigation, four patients of sickle cell anaemia during a vaso-occlusive crisis were reported to have significant renal derangement. We decided to describe this study because there were few reports from India about renal function abnormalities in sickle cell anaemia cases during Vaso-occlusive crises. Due to the inheritance of two sickle haemoglobin genes from both parents, sickle cell disease (SCD) is one of the most prevalent severe monogenic illnesses in the world. Low haemoglobin levels, high reticulocyte and LDH levels were present in every patient. Urine testing revealed proteinuria, extra red blood cells, and hyposthenuria. High serum urea concentrations of 47 to 200 mg/dl, 0.58 to 6.2 mg/dl of creatinine, and 22 to 93 mg/dl of urea nitrogen. The abdomen in the United States usually displayed bilaterally enlarged kidneys with acute renal parenchymal alterations. The current study demonstrates that there is severe renal dysfunction during VOC in about 6.6 percent of homozygous sickle cell anaemia cases. In one of the patients, a kidney biopsy revealed cellular and fibrocellular crescents in addition to Focal and Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). In the capillary lumina, sclerotic RBC were discovered. Twenty to thirty percent of the patients had tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis. Renal failure is therefore common in India during a sickle cell crisis. However, given that it is an emergency, one must take proactive action and be aware of this fact.

 

Author (s) Details

Pandey Jyotsna

Department of Laboratory Medicine, Apollo Hospitals, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

Mohanty Dipika

Department of Laboratory Medicine, Apollo Hospitals, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

Mohapatra Nachiketa

Department of Laboratory Medicine, Apollo Hospitals, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

Das Sreeya

Department of Laboratory Medicine, Apollo Hospitals, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

 

View Book :-  https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMS-V6/article/view/7684

Sarbanes Oxley Act: The Unintended Consequences and Financial Restatements | Chapter 7 | Current Aspects in Business, Economics and Finance Vol. 2

 

The goal of the current study was to make up for the poor governance that led to the financial crises including Tyco, WorldCom, and Enron. In addition to identifying what businesses can and cannot do, the Sarbanes Oxley Act also holds corporate management accountable for corporate governance. This essay makes the case that the Sarbanes Oxley Act has given investors a new lease on life and restored their faith in the US financial industry. The Sarbanes Oxley Act tends to lessen corporate failures, audit failures, and a long list of financial restatements that for years rocked the corporate world, the financial market, and stoked widespread public resentment and skepticism. According to the new norm, the auditor's opinion must mention the Board's authority. Before the Sarbanes Oxley Function, auditors were subject to a self-regulatory framework that did not protect their capacity to act impartially and independently as watchdogs. Through a combination of regulations and oversight that address conflicts of interest on the investor side and a lack of accountability on the corporate side in order to improve corporate governance, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act is signed into law in order to restore investor confidence in public and financial markets. The Sarbanes Oxley Act has improved the internal control environment for businesses. The information provided to investors, who would rely on published financial accounts to make wise investment decisions, will be more accurate and trustworthy as a result.

Author(s) Details:

Kingsley Wokukwu,
Department of Business, Stillman College, Royal Super, Sonics Enterprises, US.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CABEF-V2/article/view/7643

A Case Report on Maxillary Canine Management of a Type II Dens Invaginatus with an Open Apex and a Large Periapical Lesion | Chapter 9 | Current Practice in Medical Science Vol. 6

Busch proposed the phrase "dens in dente" in 1897, alluding to the radiographic appearance of a tooth inside another tooth. Hallet created the now popular name dens invaginatus in 1953. The instance of a type II Dens invaginatus involving a maxillary left canine and a sizable chronic periapical lesion that was treated with traditional endodontic care following ultrasonic excision of the invaginated tissue is highlighted in the current research. To more effectively clean and instrument the necrotic root canal system, these tissues were removed. In fact, a cone beam computed tomography examination revealed a clear contact between the main root canal pulp and the dens invaginatus. A dense and hermetic root filling was visible on a post-operative radiography inspection, but unfortunately, an apical deficit from the excessive use of collagen matrix was also visible.

 

Author (s) Details

Najet Aguir Mabrouk

Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Laboratory of Dento-Facial, Clinical and Biological Approach (ABCDF), Dental Medicine Faculty, University of Monastir, Avicenna Avenue, Monastir 5019, Tunisia.

 

View Book :-  https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMS-V6/article/view/7683

Simple Carotid Space Abscess | Chapter 8 | Current Practice in Medical Science Vol. 6

Deep neck infections are frequently multi-microbial, reflecting the normal resident flora of the nearby mucosal surfaces where the infection originated. Due to their intimate anatomical connections, the resident flora of the oral cavity, upper respiratory tract, and particular regions of the ears share many identical species. Every patient with a carotid space abscess needs to be evaluated for potential airway obstruction. Maintenance of an adequate airway is a fundamental and urgent management concern for patients who show signs of airway impingement. It's best to avoid needle aspiration, especially for people with less experience. Intravenous antibiotics may help with small abscesses, but when a large, frank abscess forms, incision and drainage are the preferred treatments.

 

Author (s) Details

Jasif Nisar

Department of ENT, GMC Srinagar, India.

Suhail Amin Patigaroo

Department of ENT, GMC Srinagar, India.

 

View Book :-  https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMS-V6/article/view/7682

The Efficiency of Sukuk Indices by Different Tenures Following the 2008-Financial Crisis | Chapter 6 | Current Aspects in Business, Economics and Finance Vol. 2

 

The Islamic capital market's sukuk market has expanded and changed dramatically. The value of sukuk assets was negatively impacted by the worsening economic situations of several nations during the global financial crisis of 2008, particularly Malaysia, the country with the largest sukuk market in the world. Following the 2008 financial crisis, there was a 33 percent drop in worldwide sukuk issuance overall, which complicated matters for sukuk investors (who viewed sukuk as a dangerous investment) and led to an increase in sukuk defaults. Additionally, the extreme volatility affects long-term effectiveness. All sukuk indexes receive daily data from the Dow Jones Sukuk 1-3 Year Total Return Index (DJSUK3TR) and Dow Jones Sukuk 7-10 Year Total Return Index (DJSUK7TR) (DJSUK10TR). This study examines the several types of sukuk market efficiency before, during, and after the 2008 global financial crisis using the GARCH-in-Mean (GARCH-M) model. The analyses make use of the Random Walk model and the Efficient Markets Hypothesis (EMH). According to the findings, the long-term sukuk index (DJSUK10TR) offers the most accurate market performance analysis. The sukuk market is viewed as being inefficient overall. In conclusion, the findings will give issuers, policymakers, regulatory authorities, and investors confidence to invest in and issue sukuk and will provide useful information and advice. The empirical contributions in this study show how important sukuk is in motivating investors to invest in sukuk to increase investment and economic growth.

Author(s) Details:

Syazwani Abd Rahim,
Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies (ACIS), Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Johor, Kampus Segamat, KM.12, Jalan Muar, 85000 Segamat, Johor, Malaysia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CABEF-V2/article/view/7642

Contribution of Molecular Imaging in Radiation Oncology | Chapter 7 | Current Practice in Medical Science Vol. 6

Regarding sophisticated treatment planning, cancer imaging, and treatment methods, oncology has achieved significant advancements in recent years. Molecular imaging, which enables identifying or describing living biological processes at the cellular and molecular level and is specifically addressed to reveal abnormalities in cells and molecules which cause the cancer, was developed as a result of the limitations of conventional imaging in radiation oncology. The techniques employed include optical imaging, ultrasonography, radiotracer imaging such as PET scan and SPECT, MRI, and MR spectroscopy. Better results can potentially be determined in the early stages by molecular imaging, which enables early diagnosis of cancer cells and prompt treatment. Cell metabolism and proliferation, hypoxia, apoptosis, and angiogenesis are some of the areas where this approach can be used. In the past ten years, molecular imaging-based diagnostic techniques have advanced in the areas of cancer diagnosis and staging, target definition, and response evaluation. The most used imaging method is an 18-FDG PET-CT scan, which is extremely valuable in detecting malignancies of the lung, breast, prostate, lymphoma, and many other types with higher sensitivity and specificity. The development of multimodality treatment approaches that include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and molecularly targeted anti-cancer drugs is a result of improvements in our understanding of the pathophysiology of cancer. It can be concluded that using molecular imaging in conjunction with various therapy methods can be very beneficial for the management of cancer.

 

Author (s) Details

Sheeba Bhardwaj

Department of Radiation Oncology, Pandit BD Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India.

Diptajit Paul

Department of Radiation Oncology, Pandit BD Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India.

Vivek Kaushal

Department of Radiation Oncology, Pandit BD Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India.

 

View Book :-  https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMS-V6/article/view/7681

Bilateral Trade Agreements and the Rise of Global Supply Chains in the Modern International Business | Chapter 5 | Current Aspects in Business, Economics and Finance Vol. 2

 

The article's main goal is to demonstrate the growing significance of bilateral trade agreements in foreign trade policy and the development of global supply chains in contemporary global commerce. The topic of discussion and theoretical contribution in the study program being conducted is new trends in global business, namely the growing significance of bilateral agreements in foreign trade policy. It is critical to emphasize that a small number of multinational corporations control a sizable portion of global trade and the development of global supply chains. On the one hand, in order to reduce trade costs, these companies should encourage regulatory harmonization among various Preferential Trade Agreements (PTAs). However, they may also oppose harmonization and support certain non-tariff measures in an effort to keep new competitors out of certain areas. This may help to partially explain why regulatory divergence persists and indicates that the political economy of regulatory convergence, particularly in light of the expanding global supply chains, may be more nuanced than is frequently assumed.

Author(s) Details:

Zdzisław  W.  Puślecki,
Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań ul. Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego, 561-614, Poznań, Poland.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CABEF-V2/article/view/7641

Investigating the Role of Autologous Conditioned Serum in Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex Injuries | Chapter 6 | Current Practice in Medical Science Vol. 6

The objective is to assess the functional and clinical effects of ACS in TFCC injuries.

Materials and Procedures A) Research conducted between September 2019 and December 2021 on 28 cases.

B) For this study, 28 patients with radiological and clinical evidence of TFCC injuries resulting from sporting activities were enrolled.

C) A clinical diagnosis is made using plain radiographs, ultrasonography, and an MRI. 26 cases were presented for full follow-up. After injection, follow-up was lost in 2 cases. At the end of six weeks, there were 16 cases with excellent results, 6 cases with good results, and 4 cases with poor results. But after three months, follow-up with 22 cases (16+06) yielded a wholly favourable response, thus we classified them as having excellent results. 04 Cases Were Given Another Shot Of ACS And Gave Good Response At The End Of 6 Weeks After 2nd ACS Injection. They Had Poor Results At The End Of 6 Weeks.

As a result of ACS Therapy, we have discovered that pain can be significantly decreased and healing can be accelerated. Fast-acting medication offers long-lasting relief. Time to Return to Sporting and Gym Activities Also Decreased Compared to Conventional Treatment, Which Is 3 Months, Whereas in this Study We Found Time to Return to Gym & Sports-Related Activities Took 6 Weeks. We believe that ACS is a safe way to treat Type 1 TFCC injuries since it allows for a quicker return to activity and pain relief without the risk of complications.

 

Author (s) Details

Satya Kumar Koduru

Department of Orthopaedics, NRI Academy of Sciences, Chinakakani, Guntur (Dt), Andhra Pradesh, India.

 

View Book :-  https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMS-V6/article/view/7680

Determining the Relationship Revaluation of Property, Plant and Equipment Company on Stock Prices and the Rate of Return on Stock on Indonesian Stock Exchange | Chapter 4 | Current Aspects in Business, Economics and Finance Vol. 2

 

 This study sought to ascertain how revaluation of property, plant, and equipment would affect stock prices and the rate of return on investment in a manufacturing company. From January 2011 to December 2013, the manufacturing companies represented in the index LQ45 on the Indonesia Stock Exchange were incorporated into the population. The descriptive technique and multiple regression were both used to analyze the data. Data from an annual financial report on the Indonesian stock exchange were collected, processed, and statistical analysis was used to obtain the information. The primary goal of the financial statement is to deliver data on the financial situation, performance, and changes in the financial status of the business that will be helpful for making financial decisions. The results of this study show that: 1) There is a relationship between the financial asset classes of property, plant, and equipment at fair value and reliability, 2) Reporting of fixed asset property, plant, and equipment at fair value is biased and unreliable, particularly for SE and PPNINC (the increase in the value of property, plant, and equipment company in period t), and 3) The fair value can explain the expl A dependable quality in asset reporting at fair value was not present, according to the findings. This came about as a result of an inconsistency in the reporting of an increase in the value of property, plant, and equipment in some quarters and an inflated increase in the value of company assets in other quarters. Along with investor assessments, changes in the value of property investments, plants, and equipment were also noted and assigned a reliability score.

Author(s) Details:

Lenny Leorina Evinita,
Manado State of University, North Sulawesi, Indonesia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CABEF-V2/article/view/7640

A Brief Study about Schizophrenia: Proposing and Defending a Treatment | Chapter 5 | Current Practice in Medical Science Vol. 6

This study offers statistical proof that environmental influences outweigh biological hereditary elements in serious mental illnesses like schizophrenia. In order to demonstrate how schizophrenia might be interpreted as the absence of a developmental stage in the future schizophrenic, the paper then applies Lacan's theories to the situation. Such a patient did go through a phase where the mother/child bond predominated and two illusions were formed, namely that my mother is all-powerful and perfect and that I, the child, am all the mother could possibly want. These patients were unable to address the fantasies that had been formed in their relationship with their mother because they lacked a strong relationship with a third person, who is typically the father. The study uses Karon to show that the therapist must begin by respecting the patient's delusions. The method of Villemoes, which tries to improve the patient's relationship to language by describing objects in the patient's environment, is then examined in the study. Villemoes then assists the patient in describing the items they can recall and allows them to connect those memories with the relationships they have formed with other individuals. This enables the sufferer to gradually come to terms with who they have become. At this point, Villemoes begins the process of terminating the therapy.

 

Author (s) Details

Wilfried Ver Eecke

Department of Philosophy, Georgetown University, Washington, US.

 

View Book :-  https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMS-V6/article/view/7678

Demographics in Prostate Cancer Treatment in the U.S. | Chapter 4 | Current Practice in Medical Science Vol. 6

The most frequently diagnosed disease in men and the second leading cause of cancer death in the US is prostate cancer (PCa). Although localised PCa is becoming less common among American males, it still has a considerable morbidity and mortality rate. We set out to research the variables that might affect how patients and doctors choose their courses of therapy. More precisely, we looked into how different demographic groups in the United States used RP, RT, and AS therapy choices differently to treat localised PCa, paying close attention to the impact of population density. and facility type for cancer centres. The standard of care is not as clearly defined as it is for other malignancies, but many considerations (such as availability, accessibility, and preference) may play a role in selecting a therapeutic choice.

In order to improve patient outcomes, we seek to raise awareness of the complexity of the treatment choices in PCa by exposing these variations in care based on demographics.

 

 

Author (s) Details

Christian S. DiBiase

Boston College, United States.

Baoqing Li

Weill Cornell Medicine College, United States.

 

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The Importance of the International Accounting Differences and Standards in the Theory and Practice | Chapter 3 | Current Aspects in Business, Economics and Finance Vol. 2

 In this study, we examine why accounting and financial reporting systems evolved differently in various nations. Finally, we'll look at research approaches that make an effort to use national characteristics to explain differences in accounting quality that have been identified between countries, even after these nations have adopted IFRS as a requirement for public businesses. The mentioned boundaries are established by national or international standard-setters, like the IASB, who also define the procedures that the corporation must follow for recognition and measurement, consolidation presentation, and disclosure. You have a lot of options when it comes to those worries thanks to some standard-setters. Companies with headquarters in nations whose standard-setters have a wide range of options with regard to issues of measurement and recognition have significantly more accounting latitude in how they present and value their assets, liabilities, earnings, and financial condition. Users of yearly accounts from companies in countries with less accounting flexibility will find it easier to compare the performance of various companies than users of financial statements from companies in countries with greater accounting freedom. Harmonization makes financial data more comparable and gives users of financial data more access. Less information asymmetry exists between stakeholders and corporations as a result. Accounting gives an account of the transactions of an organization—a financial explanation or report. Accounting enables managers to prove to the organization's stakeholders—owners, the government, financiers, suppliers, consumers, and other parties—that they behaved in their best interests rather than their own. Stakeholders are given these explanations through financial statements or reports, sometimes known as the company's accounts. The Profit and Loss account, Balance Sheet, and Cash Flow Statement are the three primary financial reports. The format and substance of accounts are prescribed in Schedule 4 to the Companies Act of 1985, which must be followed when presenting financial reports. According to Section 226 of the Act, the financial reports must give readers a "true and fair perspective" of the company's financial situation. Directors must disclose whether the accounts have been produced in line with accounting standards and provide an explanation for any material departures from those standards, according to the Companies Act. The Listing Requirements, also known as the Yellow Book, contains extra regulations for businesses with stock exchange listings that call for the disclosure of additional information.

Author(s) Details:

Lidija Romić,
Department of Finance and Accounting, Faculty of Economic Sciences Subotica, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.

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Effect of Managerial Style and Implementation of Computer-Based Accounting Information System (CBAIS) on Managerial Performance of Indonesian Sugar Industries: A Descriptive Study | Chapter 2 | Current Aspects in Business, Economics and Finance Vol. 2

 

This study set out to find a resolution to the problem of how managerial style and the implementation of a computer-based accounting information system (CBAIS) affected the managerial effectiveness of Indonesian sugar businesses. Deductive analysis was used in this study to support the phenomena, and survey data was collected from numerous Indonesian sugar enterprises to obtain empirical information. In this descriptive (explanatory) study, the causal relationship between specific variables is described through hypothesis testing. The managerial approach to using management accounting data on Indonesia's sugar industries is categorized as interactive, which indicates that managers use management accounting data to regularly and personally include workers and subordinates in decision-making activities. The Indonesian sugar industry's use of CBAIS is classified as moderate, which means the condition is neither poor nor excellent. The success of Indonesian sugar enterprises is significantly influenced by managerial style and CBAIS adoption.

Author(s) Details:

Asep Darmansyah,
School of Business and Management, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jln. Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132, Indonesia.

Tettet Fitrijanti,
Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jln. Dipati Ukur 35 Bandung 40132, Indonesia.

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Towards the Prosperity of Small Business Enterprises: What’s in for Information and Communication Technology? | Chapter 1 | Current Aspects in Business, Economics and Finance Vol. 2

 

Small business enterprises, also known as SBEs, are frequently identified by their diminutive size, constrained resources, and sparse workforce. Some of them received access to incubation programs, which include working space, business capacity building, networking, mentoring, and business development support services to help them overcome such issues in the early stages of operating their businesses. This study examined the role that information and communication technology (ICT) can play in assisting Tanzanian SBEs that have participated in incubation programs to enhance their operational efficiency. Primary data were gathered from fifty SBEs participating in incubator programs at the Tanzania Engineering and Manufacturing Development Organization, a government facility, using a purposeful sampling technique. The Statistical Package for Social Science and the R programming language were used to examine the data. According to the findings, integrating ICT into daily tasks enhances access to business information, boosts market share and market overage, promotes marketing promotions, and decreases financial troubles by over 70%. For 64 percent of respondents, 78 percent of respondents, and 72 percent of respondents, respectively, it was found that the use of ICT is likely to improve business performance by fostering a supportive business environment, removing business-related obstacles, and cutting down on the time it takes to launch new products. Increasing company productivity is a byproduct rather than the intended outcome. Additionally, employing ICT, SBEs that have been incubated have a good chance of increasing their sales volume, revenue, and profit margin by more than 60%. However, only 52% of business assets can be sold on the open market as a result of ICT. Because of this, incubated SBEs must work to incorporate ICT-mediated technology into their business practices despite having minimal resources.

Author(s) Details:

Liliane Pasape
Department of Business Administration and Management, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania.

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Diabetes Mellitus | Chapter 3 | Current Practice in Medical Science Vol. 6

High blood glucose levels brought on by a relative or absolute lack of insulin in the bloodstream are the hallmark of diabetes mellitus, which is regarded as a chronic condition. Diabetes, one of the most chronic diseases in the world, is brought on by an inherited and/or acquired shortage in pancreatic insulin production (type 1) or by insulin inefficiency (type 2). A number of biological variables can contribute to T2DM, and hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia are both correlated with insulin resistance and insulin insufficiency, respectively. Frequent urination, increased thirst, and increased appetite are common symptoms. Diabetes has a number of health consequences if untreated. Diabetes not only increases the risk of death, but also the development of numerous chronic disorders such nephropathy, neuropathy, and a number of vascular diseases affecting the kidney, retinal, heart, brain, and peripheral blood vessels. The main hormone, insulin, controls how much glucose enters most body cells from the blood.

 

Author (s) Details

Ehab Tousson

Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Egypt.

Manal Elbandrawy

Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Egypt.

 

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Case Studies on Breast Malignancy with Uncommon Histology: Report of Two Cases | Chapter 2 | Current Practice in Medical Science Vol. 6

The most prevalent cancer in the world, breast carcinomas, are a burden on the planet. The most prevalent histological type of breast cancer, IDC, has established management guidelines. However, due to a lack of guidelines and a dearth of cases, the care of rare histological subtypes causes doctors headaches. Here, we provide two rare examples of breast cancer: the first is mucinous breast carcinoma, which was treated with radical MRM and adjuvant chemotherapy. Two years after the end of the course of treatment, the patient is disease-free. Primary breast lymphoma, the second type, was attempted to be treated with combined chemotherapy. After a partial response was obtained, the patient was offered radiation therapy. However, the patient refused and passed away. These two instances show the importance of standardised guidelines for a rare subtype of breast cancer. With the resources at our disposal, our study's goal was to document the response to a rather uncommon breast tumour. The therapeutic success for these patients may be improved with more case series and prospective trials.

 

Author (s) Details

Diptajit Paul

Department of Radiation Oncology, Pt B D Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India.

Sheeba Bhardwaj

Department of Radiation Oncology, Pt B D Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India.

Rakesh Dhankhar

Department of Radiation Oncology, Pt B D Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India.

Vivek Kaushal

Department of Radiation Oncology, Pt B D Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India.

 

 

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Interactions of Downregulated Proteins in MCF-7 Cells, Treated with Resveratrol | Chapter 1 | Current Practice in Medical Science Vol. 6

Breast cancer, the age-old disease, is still an unmet need for many people around the world with over 600,000 fatalities every year. The usage of natural substances, such as resveratrol, which is present in grapes and many other plants, is a feasible alternative that is easy on the body and the wallet when compared to the price and severe side effects of the regularly used chemotherapy medications. In order to do this, the goal of this study is to examine how the Using string interaction diagrams and the corresponding gene ontology functional enrichments and pathways, it was possible to identify proteins that were downregulated in MCF-7, the human oestrogen receptor positive cell line, after resveratrol treatment. The findings suggest that Resveratrol, with its many anticancer properties, could be a promising anticancer drug, and that more research is required in that direction.

 

Author (s) Details

Raji Sundararajan

Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.

Ignacio G. Camarillo

Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA

 

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Estimation of Nickel Secretion in the Industrial City Bhilai (C.G.) | Chapter 9 | Research Aspects in Chemical and Materials Sciences Vol. 2

This chapter's objective is to estimate and track the levels of nickel in Bhilai's ambient air and rainwater throughout a predetermined period of time. At the sampling location Bhilai Institute of Technology in the Durg district of Chhattisgarh, India, samples of the air and rainwater were collected during the study period. The outcomes were compared to those of a 1998 study that had been carried out. It was discovered that the nickel content was higher than the report from 1998. The results showed that, while not above the legal limit, nickel was detected in substantial levels in both ambient air and rainfall. While the range of nickel in air was shown to be between 0.87 and 215.4 ng/m3, the range of nickel in rainwater was found to be between 312 and 584 ng/l.

 

Author (s) Details

Rekha Trivedi

Department of Chemistry, Shri Shankaracharya Technical Campus, Bhilai, 490020 C.G., India.

 

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A Brief Study about Bio Inspired Self-Curing Composites | Chapter 8 | Research Aspects in Chemical and Materials Sciences Vol. 2

This technical paper's goal is to align the methodology with current bio-inspired composites research initiatives. A viewpoint on present and potential self-curing strategies utilising this biomimetic method is provided. The self-curing material makes room for components that last longer while also preventing catastrophic failures. Numerous investigations on self-curing composites have been conducted in response to the capacity of people to heal: an exponential increase in material behaviour Therefore, the effectiveness of the cure is determined by the ratio of harm to cure rates. Significant advancements have been made in composite materials, production methods, and other fields over the previous few decades. structural design, too. However, due to their susceptibility to a variety of manufacturing defects, such as porosity, foreign body inclusion, incorrect fibre volume, bonding defect, fibre misalignment, ply misalignment, incorrect curing cycle, wavy fibre, ply cracking, delamination, fibre microstructural defects, and so on, composite materials are restricted in all engineering disciplines. Solutions were therefore needed to address these flaws throughout the service life of composites used in various constructions and pieces of equipment.

Although this promising area of study has advanced significantly in recent years, there are still numerous formal challenges to be addressed, and focused research is urgently needed to address a number of pressing issues. The materials found in nature, on the other hand, have the capacity to repair and regenerate themselves, ensuring their survival. As a result of ongoing research in the field, new curing agents with increased stability and quicker kinetics will be developed. At the cutting edge of self-curing, proper application of curing chemicals is a hot study area. Vascular networks are closely related to emerging bio-inspired therapeutic drugs.

 

Author (s) Details

Sravan Kumar Khuntia

Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritanagar, Ettimadai, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641112, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, India.

Shantanu Bhowmik

Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritanagar, Ettimadai, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641112, India.

 

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Modeling and Simulation of Chemical and Mass Transfer Processes in Industrial Column Apparatuses | Chapter 7 | Research Aspects in Chemical and Materials Sciences Vol. 2

Theoretical study of the techniques for modelling and simulating industrial processes is offered in this chapter. The need for knowledge about the interphase boundaries and velocity distributions in the phases in the column apparatuses and the interaction between the simple (elementary) processes in the complex process, i.e., knowledge about the process mechanism, lead to two main problems in the modelling of the kinetics of industrial mass transfer processes that are resolved.

 

Author (s) Details

Boyan Boyadjiev

Institute of Chemical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria.

Christo Boyadjiev

Institute of Chemical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria.

 

 

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Polydiorganosiloxane-polyphenylsilsesquioxane Block Copolymers Bearing Various Si-substituents: Synthesis, Properties | Chapter 6 | Research Aspects in Chemical and Materials Sciences Vol. 2

Polydiorganolsiloxane oligomers containing various Si-substituents and polyphenylsilsesquioxane oligomers have been used to create block copolymers. In contrast to the linear polydiorganolsiloxane counterparts, the products are soluble, amorphous, and exhibit excellent thermal characteristics. These silicone block copolymers' structures, molecular weights, and thermal stability characteristics were examined. The overall goal of research is to produce high molecular weight, thermally stable polymer materials, increasing the usefulness of these materials for many applications.

 

Author (s) Details

V. A. Alexeeva

Rational Technologies Ltd, Russia.

Yu. V. Khoroshavina

Rational Technologies Ltd, Russia.

 

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Review on Resin Modified Core Build Up Materials | Chapter 5 | Research Aspects in Chemical and Materials Sciences Vol. 2

The study's objective is to assess and comprehend the significance of altering resin-based core building materials in order to improve their physical and chemical properties. The oro-facial structures' structural harmony, operational effectiveness, and aesthetic coherence should all be recoverable using restorative materials. It must have the following characteristics in order to satisfy these requirements: enough flexural strength to avoid dislodging of the core during function; enough compressive strength to withstand forces inside the mouth; pins, posts, dimensional stability, ability to attach to tooth structure, and biocompatibility with the surrounding tissues. Some materials, such as Bulk Flow materials and materials that release fluoride, such as Fluorocore, Absolute dentin core build-up composite, and Pulpdent Hardcore, may now be applied in bulk. Most resin-based core build-up materials must be applied in increments to cure properly. The advancement of core building materials and their ability to replicate the structural and functional characteristics of natural tooth structure are hence permanent.

 

Author (s) Details

Gitanjali Singh

Department of Conservative and Endodontics, Babu Banarasi Das College of Dental Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Lalit C. Boruah

Department of Conservative and Endodontics, Babu Banarasi Das College of Dental Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Akanksha Bhatt

Department of Conservative and Endodontics, Babu Banarasi Das College of Dental Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Swikriti Agrawal

Department of Conservative and Endodontics, Babu Banarasi Das College of Dental Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

 

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Modification to a Formulation for Optimal Performance: A Review | Chapter 4 | Research Aspects in Chemical and Materials Sciences Vol. 2

In a chemical reaction, reactant material transforms into product material, which has distinct physical and chemical properties from reactant material. Detectable changes are present in every chemical reaction, including colour changes, bubbling, heat evolution, heat absorption, light emission, and precipitate formation. Precipitation reactions, acid base reactions, and oxidation reduction reactions are the three primary types of reactions. The mole, also known as mol, is the unit of measurement for the quantity of atoms, ions, or molecules in a laboratory sample. The reactant that is totally consumed by a chemical reaction is known as a limiting reactant. It limits and regulates the amount of product produced; the other reactants are known as excess reactants. The amount of limiting reactant limits the amounts of product created and reactant consumed. The goal of this work is to identify the type of reaction occurring in the product, calculate the molar amount of each reactant that forms the greatest amount of gas product (CO2), identify chemical compounds that would be harmful to the formulation, and include additives that would improve the product's quality. after looking into the potential reactions of each ingredient in the formulation and conducting research on them. It was discovered that the chemical reaction between vitamin C, cream tartar, and baking soda produced the greatest amount of bubbling per tablet. Chemicals such as sodium chloride were found to reduce the amount of bubbling per tablet, while sugars were found to improve product quality. The molar amounts of the reactants were calculated for optimal performance.

 

Author (s) Details

Hebah Abdel-Wahab

Hudson County Community College, 70 Sip Avenue, Jersey City, New Jersey-07306, USA.

Tamara Gund

New Jersey Institute of Technology, New Jersey-07102, USA.

 

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TEM Cross-Section Sample (XTEM) Preparation of nc-Si/a-SiO2 Multi-Layer Thin Film Using cryo Ar+ Ion Slicing for Microstructural Analyses | Chapter 3 | Research Aspects in Chemical and Materials Sciences Vol. 2

Third generation solar cell researchers are paying close attention to thin films of multi-layered nanocrystalline silicon (nc-Si). The multi-layered amorphous hydrogenated a-Si:H/a-SiO2 films created by plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD) are reported in this chapter. The nc-Si/a-SiO2 multilayer was then produced by annealing the thin film that had just been formed at 1100°C. For the purpose of verifying the crystal structure, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was used to examine the structure of the thin film in its as-deposited and annealed state. The production of an ultrathin specimen of a multilayer film made of (nc-Si/a-SiO2) using the Ar+ ion slicing (milling) process is also covered in this chapter. The Ar+ ion slicing process includes a number of preliminary processes, such as cutting, glueing, and mechanical thinning. This cutting technique produces a narrow cross-section with a high yield that is suited for high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) investigation. This chapter provides a step-by-step account of the process for preparing an ultra-thin cross-sectional specimen for TEM (XTEM). Using TEM and HR-TEM modes, the textured multi-layers and the thickness of nc-Si/a-SiO2 were examined.

 

Author (s) Details

R. Siddheswaran

PG & Research Department of Physics, Pachaiyappa’s College, Chennai-600030, India.

Rostislav Medlin

New Technologies Research Centre, University of West Bohemia in Pilsen, Plzen-30614, Czech Republic.

Pavel Calta

New Technologies Research Centre, University of West Bohemia in Pilsen, Plzen-30614, Czech Republic.

C. Esther Jeyanthi

Department of Physics, Panimalar Engineering College, Chennai-600123, India.

 

 

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