Poha Consumption and Glycemic Control: An Experimental Study| Chapter 14 | Medical Research and Its Applications Vol. 9

 

Background of the Study: A research study on poha consumption and glycemic control was conducted with the objective of assessing the efficacy of glycemic control. The population included patients with type-2 Diabetes Mellitus. They were allowed to continue their normal life pattern during the addition of poha as a diet.

 

Materials and Methods: A one-group pretest post-test design was used for the study. The sample size was 100. The setting was a selected village in Mangalore taluk in Dakshina Kannada district of Karnataka. The systematic sampling was used for the study.

 

Results: The post-test GRBS levels of all the patients were lesser than the pretest levels after one week of pretest. The patients did not have any additional complaints. The study was significant and was tested at a 0.05 level.

 

Conclusion: Poha is a part of the normal occasional diet in south India. Due to the ignorance of the glycemic control effect of this food, people do not consume it regularly. Because of the fiber content and slow release of glucose from the body, regular consumption of his food is very effective in controlling hyperglycemia. A large-scale awareness is to be created among the diabetic population regarding the efficacy of this food.

 

 

Author(s) Details

N.M. Jose

Srinivasa Institute of Nursing Sciences, Mukka, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mria/v9/243

The Effect of Sucralose and Sodium Saccharin as Artificial Sweeteners on Some Biochemical Parameters in Male Albino Rats | Chapter 8 | Chemistry and Biochemistry: Research Progress Vol. 2

Background: Artificial sweeteners have spread throughout diets, serving as essential components in various food and beverage products. Sucralose, one of the newest artificial sweeteners was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 1998. Saccharin is also a non-nutritive, non-caloric intense artificial sweetener.

Aim of the Study: This study aimed to determine the effects of sucralose and sodium saccharin on some physiological parameters in male albino rats.

Materials and Methods: Thirty male albino rats weighing from 100 to 120 gm were used. The period of the experiment was 30 days. The animals were divided into three groups, Group 1: control, Group 2: rats received sucralose and Group 3: rats received sodium saccharin. The following parameters were processed: serum glucose, ASAT, ALAT, serum creatinine, serum urea, protein and lipid profiles and hormonal levels (insulin, testosterone, serum T3 and T4). Data were analyzed by using a T-test and were performed using the Statistical Package (SPSS) program, version 20. The Bonferroni test was used as a method to compare significance between groups.

Results: There was an increase in ASAT and ALAT activities, serum creatinine and serum urea levels in group 2 and group 3, and lipid profile in the group that received sucralose (TC, HDL and LDL) and T3&T4 in the group that received saccharin as compared to the control group. Meanwhile, a drop in serum glucose, insulin, total protein, albumin, albumin/globulin ratio and triglycerides in group 2 and group 3, and lipid profile in the group received saccharin (TC, HDL and LDL) and T3&T4 in the group received sucralose was observed when compared to the control group. The impact of artificial sweeteners on human health is still a matter of doubtful dispute.

Conclusion: It can be mentioned that sucralose and sodium saccharin must be carefully used because they have very dangerous effects, especially sodium saccharin, and people have to replace them with natural sugar.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Eman G.E. Helal
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Egypt.

 

Abdullah Al-Shamrani
Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Sleep Medicine, Prince Sultan Medical Military City, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University and Health Science, Saudi Arabia.

 

Mohamed A. Abdelaziz
Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt.

 

Mariam S. El-Gamal
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Egypt.

 

Please see the book here:-https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cbrp/v2/4114

The Discrepancy between HbA1c and CGM-Derived GMI in Diabetes Management: A Retrospective Cohort Study | Chapter 8 | Medical Research and Its Applications Vol. 4

 

We performed a retrospective observational cohort study between 2020-2023 in 26 patients with type-1 and type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) who were using 3-4 injections per day of Insulin and were monitored by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). The goal was to compare the patient’s glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) taken during their clinic visit by phlebotomy as a marker for diabetic control with estimated HbA1c glucose management indicator (GMI) derived from the 30-day CGM readings. The purpose of the study was to see if there is a correlation between those two values taken within 30- days of each other. To find if there is a correlation is extremely important in assuring that GMI received from the CGM can be used instead of HbA1c in patients on multiple daily injections of Insulin and be incorporated into the American Diabetic Association goals for achieving Diabetes control. Also finding such a correlation can help in reporting the control of diabetes mellitus to other healthcare organizations like Medicare etc. by using CGM data rather than HbA1c. The methodology we used was to compare CGM-derived GMI obtained within 30 – days with HbA1c which has been shown to best correlate with each other.  To assess if this difference between GMI and HbA1c was significant, a paired samples t-test was conducted. This comparison is important because of the widespread use of continuous glucose monitoring in patients with Type -1 and Type -2 Diabetes Mellitus on multiple injections of insulin to make treatment decisions. The patients with known factors that can interfere with the accurate measurement of HbA1c like anemia, and liver and kidney diseases were excluded from the study. We concluded the measured HbA1c was 0.34%(4 mmol/mol) higher than the CGM-derived GMI which was the conclusion of several other studies as well. The difference although numerically higher in favor of HbA1c was statistically non-significant.  As the use of CGM continues to grow, addressing differences between laboratory-measured HbA1c and CGM-derived GMI is critical. This can affect how we interpret the GMI in patients with CGM compared to HbA1c as well and it can be taken into consideration by different medical organizations while determining the goals of control and reporting of patients with Diabetes mellitus using CGM. Another very important part of the study was that the project was primarily driven by Internal Medicine residents in their clinic and not in a specialized endocrine clinic.

 

Author(s)details:-

 

A. Manov
Internal Medicine and Transitional Year Residency Program, Sunrise Health GME Consortium, Mountain View Hospital, Las Vegas, Nevada, US.

 

Y. Badi
Internal Medicine and Transitional Year Residency Program, Sunrise Health GME Consortium, Mountain View Hospital, Las Vegas, Nevada, US.

 

A. Donepudi
Internal Medicine and Transitional Year Residency Program, Sunrise Health GME Consortium, Mountain View Hospital, Las Vegas, Nevada, US.

 

N. Holt
Internal Medicine and Transitional Year Residency Program, Sunrise Health GME Consortium, Mountain View Hospital, Las Vegas, Nevada, US

 

M. Sharaf
Internal Medicine and Transitional Year Residency Program, Sunrise Health GME Consortium, Mountain View Hospital, Las Vegas, Nevada, US.

 

R. Rivera
Internal Medicine and Transitional Year Residency Program, Sunrise Health GME Consortium, Mountain View Hospital, Las Vegas, Nevada, US.

 

A. Daliwal
Internal Medicine and Transitional Year Residency Program, Sunrise Health GME Consortium, Mountain View Hospital, Las Vegas, Nevada, US.

 

R. Haddadin
Internal Medicine and Transitional Year Residency Program, Sunrise Health GME Consortium, Mountain View Hospital, Las Vegas, Nevada, US.

 

I. Quadir
Internal Medicine and Transitional Year Residency Program, Sunrise Health GME Consortium, Mountain View Hospital, Las Vegas, Nevada, US.

 

K. Mefferd
Internal Medicine and Transitional Year Residency Program, Sunrise Health GME Consortium, Mountain View Hospital, Las Vegas, Nevada, US.

 

Please See the book here :-  https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mria/v4/503

Case Report and Literature Review on Glycogen Hepatopathy | Chapter 1 | Recent Updates in Disease and Health Research Vol. 9

 

This case report highlights a challenging clinical case called glycogen hepatopaty-induced acute hepatitis. This clinical condition is often underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed even by consultant specialists eventually hampering patient management and outcome. Glycogen hepatopathy is a very rare and forgotten complication of poorly controlled type 1 diabetes mellitus. Glycogen hepatopathy may also present in type II diabetes mellitus, especially when managed with high doses of insulin. Although it is a benign condition, it is rarely diagnosed in a timely manner. It is characterised by hepatomegaly causing abdominal pain due to stretch on the liver capsule causing capsulitis, and derangement of liver enzymes. We report a case of a 44-year-old male truck driver who presents to ED with right upper quadrant pain in the context of uncontrolled type II diabetes mellitus for the last two years.  Glycogen hepatopathy is caused by wide fluctuations of blood glucose and treatment with large doses of insulin. High levels of insulin due to uncontrolled diabetes mellitus or high doses for treatment lead to excess glucose movement into hepatocytes via independent passive diffusion.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Adel Ekladious
Acute Medical Unit, Canberra Hospital, ACT Health, Australia, University of Western Australia, Australia and Australian National University, Australia.

 

Please see the book:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rudhr/v9/241

Role of Herbal Medicine “Diabetocure” on Clinical and Biochemical Parameters of Diabetes: A Clinical Approach | Chapter 6 | Advanced Concepts in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 5

The objective of present research work is to design and develop herbal formulation in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronically elevated blood glucose above the normal range. Around 400 herbal treatments for diabetes mellitus are reported, but only a few of these have been approved of their therapeutic efficacy. Traditional treatments have mostly disappeared in occidental societies, but some are prescribed by practitioners of alternative medicine or taken by patients as supplements to conventional therapy. A hypoglycemic action from some treatments has been confirmed in animal models and non-insulin dependent diabetic patients, and various hypoglycemic compounds have been identified. The herbal substitutes for insulin and related anti-diabetic drugs seems challenging, but herbal treatments can provide valuable clues for the development of new oral hypoglycemic agents and simple dietary adjuncts. Patients in drug powder group showed significant improvement in the management of diabetes as well as subjective relief in symptoms with diabetes while placebo group had no significant change in pain score at the end of 12 weeks. It is recommended that larger and longer duration trials are required to establish the efficacy and safety of drug powder in treatment of diabetic as well as its comparison with other groups of drugs before it can he proved to be better than other drugs in controlling the painful diabetic neuropathy symptoms.

Author(s) Details:

Ayush Garg,
Department of Pharmaceutics, Venkateshwar Institute of Pharmacy, Sai Tirupati University, Umarda, Udaipur (Rajasthan), India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ACPR-V5/article/view/13282

Pancreatic Cancer and Diabetes: A Scientific Analysis | Chapter 37 | Socio-Scientific Interaction in Diabetes and Cancer and Its Management

 Pancreatic cancer is most often detected at an advanced stage due to a lack of symptoms at the first stage. Pancreatic cancer is relatively uncommon, and screening of the asymptomatic population is not feasible or cost-effective. Therefore, screening of individuals in high-risk groups is recommended. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with pancreatic cancer, and patients with DM are recognized as a high-risk group for pancreatic cancer. This review article shows a scientific analysis between pancreatic cancer and diabetes, including the role of diabetes as a risk factor for pancreatic cancer and its role in inducing the destruction of islet β cells and insulin resistance. Pancreatic cancer causes diabetes and diabetes is a risk factor for the development of pancreatic cancer.

Author(s) Details:

Kumari Shachi,
Department of Zoology, K. S. College, L-Sarai, L. N. Mithila University, Darbhanga, Bihar, India.

Sanjeev Kumar,
Department of Zoology, B. M. College, Rahika, L. N. Mithila University, Darbhanga, Bihar, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/SSIDCIM/article/view/12755

Role of Beetroot Phytochemicals in the Management of Type-2 Diabetes | Chapter 36 | Socio-Scientific Interaction in Diabetes and Cancer and Its Management

 Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disorder resulting from either insulin insufficiency or insulin dysfunction. Diabetes mellitus affects most of the people in both developed and developing countries. The treatment of diabetes with synthetic drugs is costly and chances of side effects associated with development of Cancer. Phytomedicine has been used since ancient times in various parts of the world where access to modern medicine is limited. Medicinal plants and phytoconstituents play an important role in the management of non-Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Phytochemicals identified from medicinal plants present an exciting opportunity for the development of new types of therapeutics agents for Non -Insulin Dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Most prevalent among phytochemical is Betanin. This review article aims to provide a recent information on betanine and hypoglycemic activity.

Author(s) Details:

Nayan K. Prasad,
Department of Zoology, RRM Campus, Tribhuvan University, Nepal.

Kumar Manish,
Department of Zoology, C. M. Science College, Darbhanga, Bihar, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/SSIDCIM/article/view/12754

Role of Homeopathic Medicine in Diabetes | Chapter 33 | Socio-Scientific Interaction in Diabetes and Cancer and Its Management

 Diabetes is a condition that happens when a person’s blood sugar (glucose) is too high. It develops when person pancreas doesn’t make enough insulin or any at all, or when person body isn’t responding to the effects of insulin properly. Diabetes affects people of all ages. Most forms of diabetes are chronic (lifelong), and all forms are manageable with medications and/or lifestyle changes. So many health problems can develop with diabetic people like heart diseases, kidney diseases, eye problems etc. Homeopathic medicine like Abroma Augusta, Jambolanum or S. Cumini (Black Plum), Uranium, Nitricum, Conium, Phosphoric Acid Phosphorus, Argentum Metallicum, Cephalandra Indica, Natrum Mur control the blood glucose levels in diabetes.

Author(s) Details:

Sumit Kumar Kolay,
Department of Zoology, C.M. Science College, Darbhanga, Bihar, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/SSIDCIM/article/view/12751

Involvement of Hepatic SHIP2 and PI3K/Akt Signalling in the Regulation of Plasma Insulin by Xiaoyaosan in Chronic Immobilization-Stressed Rats | Chapter 4 | Insights into the Prevention and Treatment of Depression with Famous TCM Prescription Xiaoyaosan

 Background: Long-term exposure to chronic stress is thought to be a factor closely correlated with the development of metabolic disorders, such as diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. Xiaoyaosan, a Chinese herbal formula, has been described in many previous studies to exert anxiolytic-like or antidepressant effects in chronically stressed rats. However, few studies have observed the effects of Xiaoyaosan on the metabolic disorders induced by chronic stress. Objective: We sought to investigate the effective regulation of Xiaoyaosan on 21-day chronic immobility stress (CIS, which is 3 h of restraint immobilization every day)-induced behavioural performance and metabolic responses and to further explore whether the effects of Xiaoyaosan were related to SHIP2 expression in the liver. Methods: Sixty male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group, a CIS group, a Xiaoyaosan group and a rosiglitazone group. The latter three groups were subjected to 21 days of CIS to generate the stress model. After 21 days of CIS, the effects of Xiaoyaosan on body weight, food intake, and behaviour in the open field test, the sucrose preference test and the forced swimming test were observed following chronic stress. Plasma insulin, cholesterol (CHOL), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) concentrations and blood glucose were examined, and the protein and mRNA expression levels of SHIP2, p85 and Akt in the liver were measured using RT-qPCR and immunohistochemical staining. Results: Rats exposed to CIS exhibited depression-like, decreased levels of plasma insulin, CHOL, LDL-C, TG and HDL-C, and increased blood glucose. Increased SHIP2 expression and reduced Akt, p-Akt and p85 expression were also observed in the liver. Xiaoyaosan exerted antidepressant effects and effectively reversed the changes caused by CIS. Conclusions: These results suggest that Xiaoyaosan attenuates depression-like behaviours and ameliorates stress-induced abnormal levels of insulin, blood glucose, CHOL, LDL-C and HDL-C in the plasma of stressed rats, which may be associated with the regulation of SHIP2 expression to enhance PI3K/Akt signalling activity in the liver.

Author(s) Details:

Qiuxia Pan,
School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 North Third Ring Road Chaoyang District, Beijing-100029, China and Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Beijing-100700, China.

Jiajia Wu,
School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 North Third Ring Road Chaoyang District, Beijing-100029, China.

Yueyun Liu,
School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 North Third Ring Road Chaoyang District, Beijing-100029, China.

Xiaojuan Li,
Formula-pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou-510632, Guangdong, China.

Jiaxu Chen,
School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 North Third Ring Road Chaoyang District, Beijing-100029, China and Formula-pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou-510632, Guangdong, China.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/IPTDFTPX/article/view/11265

Determining the Influence of the Ketogenic Diet on Metabolic Syndrome | Chapter 3 | Novel Research Aspects in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 6

 Metabolic disease (MetS) is a constellation of extreme blood pressure, hyperglycemia, obesity, and dyslipidemia. Its appearance makes the patient more likely for cardiovascular events. Its predominance has been recorded as 11%–41%. Metabolic syndrome is a clustering of not completely three of the following five medical environments: abdominal corpulence, high blood pressure, extreme blood sugar, extreme serum triglycerides, and depressed serum high-bulk lipoprotein (HDL). Metabolic syndrome is guide the risk of developing heart failure and type 2 diabetes. The incidence of corpulence, the metabolic syndrome, and its pathophysiologic results is on the rise general and has reached unacceptable levels in the majority of Westernized and economically advanced organizations. Obesity, hypertension, non-insulin dependent diabetes, and hyperlipidemia accompanying reduced skin high bulk lipoprotein concentrations are often associated comorbidities of metabolic disease. Additionally, the condition is frequently followed with a ordinary finding of hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance conventional of high-hydrogen diets. The incorporation of the insulin careful ketogenic diet as a dietary strategy for the situation of metabolic syndrome concede possibility bring about betterings in insulin action and substrate exercise in peripheral tissues with not completely a partial alternatively significant determination of the syndrome. Thus, the ketogenic diet in addition to reworking toward a healthy behavior and pharmacologic therapies have existed explored as potential mechanisms to resolve the pathophysiologic result of obesity and metabolic disease and their impact on the childbirth of healthcare. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a condition delineated as a clustering of risk factors that is to say strongly guide obesity, myocardial infarction, and diabetes. It has recently been supposed that the global predominance of MetS has reached epidemic levels containing the U.S.A., where it has existed estimated that 20% to 25% of the adult global community meets the diagnostic test for MetS, which grant permission be established when at least three of the five basic risk factors are present. The risk determinants include a big waistline (abdominal or instinctive obesity), extreme plasma triglyceride levels, depressed plasma HDL cholesterol concentrations, raised blood pressure, and fasting hyperglycemia. The standard and most direct treatments for MetS to date have happened incorporation of behavior changes, with dietary interferences being one of the main effective behavior modifications utilized to treat two together obesity and MetS. The Ketogenic Diet (KD) is one digestive intervention that concede possibility have the potential to improve MetS risk determinants. Historically, one of the primary uses of the KD has happened to treat epilepsy, nevertheless, there is solid evidence that it may also help to help other environments and illnesses, containing obesity and MetS. Despite this potential, sure dietary misconceptions grant permission have prevented or restricted further research on the KD applications to pressure control and use of the KD, particularly the emergence of the nationwide dietary directions that have now advanced a low-fat, extreme-carbohydrate diet for several decades. The purpose concerning this paper is to conduct a review of the information regarding MetS, the KD, and the associations of the KD as a treatment for obesity and MetS. Existing research is orderly reviewed concerning the KD’s potential to address MetS and MetS risk factors. The results of the review signify the validity of the diet and the need for further research on the KD and its potential to address the benefits, potential risks and dispassionate efficacy of the KD on lowering the pathophysiologic sequalae of obesity and MetS. MetS = Metabolic Syndrome, KD = ketogenic diet, KB = ketone frames, including metabolic shreds acetoacetate (AcAc),3-beta-hydroxybutyrate (3HB), and acetone, PSMF = Protein Sparing Modified Fast, HDL, HDL-C= plasma extreme density cholesterol lipoprotein, LDL, LDL-C = reduced density cholesterol lipoprotein, TG, TRIG = body tissue triglycerides, CRP = C-reactive protein, GLUT4 = Glucose Transporter 4, and insulin- linked natural entity, ATP = Adenosine tri-phosphate, a extreme energy phosphate, CCK = cholecystokinin, CR = calorie limited diet, LFD = low fat diet, LCKD = reduced calorie ketogenic diet, BP = blood pressure; SBP = systolic blood pressure; DBP = diastolic ancestry pressure, A(1c) = glycosylated hemoglobin part, NHLBI = National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health.

Author(s) Details:

Michael E. Anderson,
Colleges of Medicine and Graduate Studies, University of Science, Arts and Technology, Montserrat, MSR1110, British West Indies.

Orien L. Tulp,
Colleges of Medicine and Graduate Studies, University of Science, Arts and Technology, Montserrat, MSR1110, British West Indies.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NRAMMS-V6/article/view/12140

Treatment of Diabetes by using Nanotechnological Approach | Chapter 12 | New Advances in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 9

 This branch highlights about situation of diabetes by using nanotechnological approach. Nanotechnology in diabetes research has facilitated the happening of novel glucose calculation and insulin delivery approaches which hold the potential to dramatically better quality of existence for diabetics. Recent progress in the field of diabetes research at allure interface with nanotechnology is our focus. The current view points toward a constant insulin infusion by way of an insulin pump. It is seductive then, that a glucose sensor would inevitably control the insulin supply, given that an insulin send works only manually. The exploratory approach toward an artificial pancreas is earlier being put into effect through all-encompassing research initiatives in diabetes at the connect of nanotechnology. In addition to supporting the present work being approved to create an pretended pancreas, the request of nanotechnology resources and procedures still offers a large assortment of brand-new approaches. These are particularly related to capillary-integrated, long-term resistant, and dependable weighing glucose sensors.

Author(s) Details:

Araceli Ramirez,

Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Centro de Nanotecnología, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla-72550, México.

Griselda Corro,

Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Centro de Nanotecnología, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla-72550, México.

Alfred Zehe,

Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Centro de Nanotecnología, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla-72550, México.

Andreas Thomas,

Medtronic GmbH, Earl-Bakken-Platz 1, D-40670 Meerbusch, Germany.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NAMMS-V9/article/view/11379

Euglycemic Ketoacidosis due to Pancreatitis in a Patient without Diabetes | Chapter 14 | New Advances in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 5

 We are detailing the case related to earlier healthy 40- year-traditional Female with a popular medical history of essential hypertension (HTN) and outside previous history of Diabetes Mellitus(DM). She was communicable for her HTN – Amlodipine 5 mg once a day. The patient bestowed in our Emergency Department with intestinal pain, pleuritic chest pain, nausea and disgorging. She also objected of shortness of respiration, generalized weakness and had inferior fever. On review of arrangements she was also erect to be diaphoretic and bearing Kussmaul respiration.After the lab studies were obtained she was erect to have severe metabolic upset stomach and was admitted to the Intensive care unit.The differential disease of her metabolic acidosis was broad, but she acted not have DM – her HbA1c was 5.2% and she was not drinking intoxicating. The screening for Methanol and ethylene glycol was negative. The patient did not have latent kidney or liver ailment.Also she did not have infection of blood with lactic acidosis to expound her severe metabolic upset stomach. She did not have likewise prolonged starvation. The drug screen of the patient was negative and she was not communicable any cure to explain her metabolic upset stomach.We are describing this case with harsh metabolic acidosis, cause we have found that the cause was harsh acute pancreatitis. The cause of the acute pancreatitis was not establish. It was not related to intoxicating, increased triglycerides or some medications. Her ultrasound of the gall bladder was negative for gall pouch stones but gently elevated ALT and AST ability have been related to gived gall bladder mud as a cause of her acute pancreatitis.The harsh metabolic ketoacidosis due to acute pancreatitis is the disputing diagnosis and only few cases were detailed in the literature.The method of acute pancreatitis causing harsh metabolic acidosis appears to be had connection with the lipolytic action of inflated lipase as well as increased glucagon and nearly decreased Insulin in the synopsis of acute pancreatic damage.

Author(s) Details:

Andre Manov,
Sunrise Health Care Consortium GME, Mountain View Hospital, North Tenaya Way, Las Vegas, Nevada, 2880, USA.

Ikechukwu Ogbu,
Sunrise Health Care Consortium GME, Mountain View Hospital, North Tenaya Way, Las Vegas, Nevada, 2880, USA.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NAMMS-V5/article/view/10874

Epigenetic Expression of Brown and White Tissue Development and Thermogenesis in the Wistar Fatty Rat | Chapter 6 | Research Developments in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 4

 The basic physiologic function of brown fatty tissue (BAT) is immediately known to provide  to processes of energy payment in the form of heat in response to alterations in diet and surroundings. BAT depots have been noted in cadaveric examples by anatomists for hundreds of age and is now famous to be a basic peripheral fabric in the expression of non-shaking thermogenesis in answer to perturbations in diet and environment in homeothermic class including brother and animals. The Wistar Fatty Rat (WFR) is an animal model of corpulence, insulin resistance (IR) and NIDDM and expresses the (-fa) corpulence trait in an NIH/Wistar practice. This stain has been connected to NIDDM and an impaired hot response to diet and atmosphere parameters in the corpulent phenotype. From 22 to 30 weeks of age, groups of lean and corpulent male WFR rats were kept in dangling wire-depend steel cages and augment a nutritionally complete diet containing 54% CHO as equal parts cornstarch (ST) and and oxygen (SUC) (50:60 w/w) plus vitamins, minerals, fiber, and essential micronutrients. Body burden was measured, and inactive and norepinephrine-stimulated VO2 were determined. Animals were sacrificed by killing and the Interscapular BAT depot (IBAT) and basic white fatty tissue (WAT) depots removed in their entirety for measures of heaviness including adipocyte capacity and number per IBAT and WAT depots. Obese people had considerably higher definitive body weights, net weight gain, and relative weight than lean people during the whole of the study, with defeater in competition increase in WAT cell lipid content and adipocyte number in the VRP station. IBAT cell number, container lipid content of IBAT tissues and IBAT:BW ratio of corpulent >> lean littermates. Fasting glucose was identical in both phenotypes, but abstaining insulin and the Insulin: Glucose (I: G) ratios were greatly elevated in corpulent+NIDDM animals. Resting VO2 and the thermic answer to NE of lean >> Obese+NIDDM. A robust NE answer in plasma hydrogen concentrations occurred in two together phenotypes following NE with defeater in competition increase in the obese+NIDDM phenotype. The verdicts of this study imply that, while the development of IBAT and WAT bulk and cellularity became embellished via hyperplasia and hypertrophy in the corpulent-NIDDM animals, the superimposition of early eating disorder and the NIDDM stigmata which likely contains the development of meaningful IR is a contributing determinant. The elevations in I: G and IR of the Obese+NIDDM phenotype may further simplify adipocyte hyperplasia and hypertrophy in both WAT and BAT depots and concede possibility further compromise the capacity of the corpulent diabetic animals to sufficiently express BAT-mediated gifts to NST. Furthermore, increased BAT bulk and cellularity in Obese+NIDDM patients was not a trustworthy predictor of warm responses to diet and environment.

Author(s) Details:

Orien L. Tulp,
University of Science Arts and Technology, Olveston, Montserrat, BWI, MSR1110, USA.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RDMMS-V4/article/view/9835

Diabetes Mellitus | Chapter 3 | Current Practice in Medical Science Vol. 6

High blood glucose levels brought on by a relative or absolute lack of insulin in the bloodstream are the hallmark of diabetes mellitus, which is regarded as a chronic condition. Diabetes, one of the most chronic diseases in the world, is brought on by an inherited and/or acquired shortage in pancreatic insulin production (type 1) or by insulin inefficiency (type 2). A number of biological variables can contribute to T2DM, and hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia are both correlated with insulin resistance and insulin insufficiency, respectively. Frequent urination, increased thirst, and increased appetite are common symptoms. Diabetes has a number of health consequences if untreated. Diabetes not only increases the risk of death, but also the development of numerous chronic disorders such nephropathy, neuropathy, and a number of vascular diseases affecting the kidney, retinal, heart, brain, and peripheral blood vessels. The main hormone, insulin, controls how much glucose enters most body cells from the blood.

 

Author (s) Details

Ehab Tousson

Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Egypt.

Manal Elbandrawy

Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Egypt.

 

View Book :-  https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMS-V6/article/view/7676

Does Cinnamomum Zeylanicum Attenuates Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus? | Chapter 04 | Emerging Trends in Disease and Health Research Vol. 3

 Background: After China, India has the second highest population of adults with diabetes. Despite the fact that contemporary diabetic medicines efficiently treat the condition, long-term use has negative consequences. Plants have been used as a source of medicine since the dawn of humanity. Cinnamon's inner bark is recognised as a traditional remedy among spices.

The goal of this trial was to see if cinnamon infusions improved blood glucose levels in people with type 2 diabetes.

Materials and Methods: The effects of 75 ml of Cinnamomum zeylanicum infusion on plasma glucose, serum fructosamine, and serum insulin of chosen type 2 diabetes individuals were evaluated for 45 days in the current study. The supplemental intervention was conducted using a within-subjects design.

Cinnamon zeylanicum has been demonstrated to boost glucose absorption and glycogen production. Cinnamon zeylanicum also helps to activate the insulin receptor cascade system. Fasting glucose fell from 144.53 to 115.43 mg/dL after 45 days of treatment (p 0.001). Postprandial glucose fell from 205.66 to 164.33 mg/dL (p0.001). Serum fructosamine and insulin levels both improved significantly.

Conclusion: Supplementing participants with increased blood glucose with Cinnamomum Zeylanicum infusion for 45 days reduced fasting glucose, fructosamine, and insulin levels.

Author(S) Details

T. Sivapriya
Department of Food Technology, Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Chennai, India.

S. John
Department of Home Science, Womens Christian College, Chennai, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/ETDHR-V3/article/view/5873

Investigating the Association of VO2 and VCO2 Rate Variability with Serum Glucose, Insulin and Glucose Intolerance | Chapter 8 | Issues and Development in Health Research Vol. 5

The variability of oxygen consumption (VO2) and carbon dioxide production (VCO2), as well as the relationship between serum glucose and insulin and the energy spectral density (ESD) of VO2 and VCO2, were used to assess variations in cellular metabolism.

Materials and Methods: The study included ten non-glucose intolerant and ten glucose intolerant patients between the ages of 21 and 70. For three hours, glucose, insulin, VO2 and VCO2 levels, as well as VO2 and VCO2 levels, were assessed every 10 minutes. The ESD of VO2 and VCO2 was estimated and correlated with glucose and insulin levels.

Results: At post-load glucose state compared to basal state, there was statistical significance in glucose levels, insulin, and ESD of VO2 and VCO2 among non-glucose intolerant subjects, and glucose and insulin among glucose intolerance subjects. Furthermore, glucose levels in glucose intolerance patients were considerably greater than non-glucose intolerant subjects in both the basal and post-load glucose stages.

Conclusions: These data reveal an increase in ESD of VO2 and VCO2 in non-glucose intolerant people during the post-load glucose state, hinting that their measurement could be a crucial signal of cellular metabolic activity variability and help confirm glucose metabolism abnormalities. More research is required to fully comprehend the precise behaviour of ESD of VO2 and VCO2 in a wider group of diabetes people.


Author (S) Details


Julián Satué-Rodríguez

Medical Research Unit in Metabolic Diseases, Cardiology Hospital, National Medical Center, Mexican Institute of Social Security, México City, Mexico.

José D. Méndez

Medical Research Unit in Metabolic Diseases, Cardiology Hospital, National Medical Center, Mexican Institute of Social Security, México City, Mexico.

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Assessment of the Changes in Hormones of Somatotropic Axis during Transition Period in Murrah Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) Supplemented with Vitamin E | Chapter 3 | Research Aspects in Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences Vol. 1

 The researchers wanted to explore how vitamin E administration altered the GH-insulin–IGF-1 axis in Murrah buffaloes throughout the transition period. The Murrah buffaloes (n = 12) were selected during late gestation from the National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI) cattle herd and put into two groups of six each. The control diet was fed to group I buffaloes, while group II buffaloes were given 2000 IU/day/head vitamin E along with the control feed. By jugular veinpuncture, blood samples were taken from each buffalo at weekly intervals from day -21 to day +21 relative to parturition. A bovine specific ELISA test kit was used to measure growth hormone (GH), IGF-1, and insulin. According to the data, there was no significant difference in insulin and GH concentrations in the blood during the transition phase between the two groups. In Group I, however, the fall in insulin and IGF-I was substantially greater. The decrease in these hormone levels during the transition period was discovered to be a physiological event associated to a negative energy balance. During the changeover period, dietary supplementation with Vitamin E had no influence on peripheral hormone levels.

Author (s) Details

Bhabesh Mili
Dairy Cattle Physiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India.

Sujata Pandita
Dairy Cattle Physiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India.

B. S. Bharath Kumar
Dairy Cattle Physiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India.

Mehtab S. Parmar
Physiology and Climatology Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India.

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