Role of Modified Atmospheric Packaging in Fresh Food Preservation and Waste Reduction | Chapter 8 | Engineering Research: Perspectives on Recent Advances Vol. 11

 

Modified Atmospheric Packaging (MAP) has emerged as an important technology in food preservation and is a vital answer to food waste, which accounts for approximately 30–40% of total global food production. MAP significantly extends the shelf life of fresh foods by inhibiting microbial growth and oxidative deterioration through the alteration of gas compositions in packaging.

 

MAP uses plastic films with specific gas permeability to manage internal atmospheres. The type of polymer and film thickness are key factors influencing this permeability. Because respiration rates vary between different produce items, films must be selected based on the specific requirements of each fruit (eg, Mango, apple, pears) or vegetable (Broccoli, carrot, cut vegetables) to create an effective modified atmosphere. Using protective gases in polymer film packaging helps extend the shelf life of food products by reducing the growth of common bacteria and microorganisms that affect quality and safety. This article outlines the key benefits of applying such gases and provides examples of specific gases or gas mixtures that can be tailored to various types of food.

 

 

Author(s) Details

G. Amuthaselvi
Department of Food Process Engineering AEC & RI, TNAU, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/erpra/v11/6401

 

Poha Consumption and Glycemic Control: An Experimental Study| Chapter 14 | Medical Research and Its Applications Vol. 9

 

Background of the Study: A research study on poha consumption and glycemic control was conducted with the objective of assessing the efficacy of glycemic control. The population included patients with type-2 Diabetes Mellitus. They were allowed to continue their normal life pattern during the addition of poha as a diet.

 

Materials and Methods: A one-group pretest post-test design was used for the study. The sample size was 100. The setting was a selected village in Mangalore taluk in Dakshina Kannada district of Karnataka. The systematic sampling was used for the study.

 

Results: The post-test GRBS levels of all the patients were lesser than the pretest levels after one week of pretest. The patients did not have any additional complaints. The study was significant and was tested at a 0.05 level.

 

Conclusion: Poha is a part of the normal occasional diet in south India. Due to the ignorance of the glycemic control effect of this food, people do not consume it regularly. Because of the fiber content and slow release of glucose from the body, regular consumption of his food is very effective in controlling hyperglycemia. A large-scale awareness is to be created among the diabetic population regarding the efficacy of this food.

 

 

Author(s) Details

N.M. Jose

Srinivasa Institute of Nursing Sciences, Mukka, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mria/v9/243

The Role of Nano Sized Particles to Treat Cancer | Chapter 29 | Socio-Scientific Interaction in Diabetes and Cancer and Its Management

 Nanoparticle technology is a new scientific research method to develop efficient drug delivery to cure various types of cancers. Combinations of anticancer drugs with different polymers are used in the formulation of nanoparticles. The particle size can be analyzed by using a particle size analyzer; morphological characters will observe by using a Scanning Electron Microscope and the potential of particles can be determined by using a zero potential analyzer. Polymorphic and compatible structures of a drug and polymer were determined with Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Fourier Transmission Infrared. By using nanoparticles, the drug shows better absorption, bioavailability, and systemic action.

Author(s) Details:

Kumari Sushma Saroj,
Department of Zoology, Dr. L.K.V.D College, Tajpur, Samastipur- 848130, India.

Sanjeev Kumar Vidyarthi,
Department of Botany, Dr. L.K.V.D College, Tajpur, Samastipur- 848130, India.

Hari Mohan Prasad Singh,
Department of Chemistry, Dr. L.K.V.D College, Tajpur, Samastipur- 848130, India

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/SSIDCIM/article/view/12747

A Study on the Polymer Blend Application Based on Natural Rubber Latex and Acrylic Resin as a Binder for Wall Paints| Chapter 4 | Research Aspects in Chemical and Materials Sciences Vol. 4

 The polymer blends established natural rubber tinted covering and acrylic sticky substance were created in this study. It was therefore used as a paint binder. The mixing ratios of open rubber latex and tinted covering resin ranged from 30/70, 40/60, 50/50, 60/40, and 70/30 (w/w), accompanying the natural elastic latex being pre-vulcanized before being blended accompanying acrylic resin. The survey was monitored through the tangible and mechanical properties of the blends. Highest stiffness and elongation at break were found at the synthesizing ratio at 30/70 (w/w) of normal rubber latex and tinted covering resin. Some tangible and mechanical properties as coagulate content and tensile property of pre-vulcanized unrefined rubber tinted covering, acrylic resin and each polymer blends were too investigated. This may be assign to the compatibility middle from two points elastic phase of the unaffected rubber and hard phase of tinted covering resin. When adjoining higher ratio of unrefined rubber latex, the stiffness and elongation at break discontinued continuously, indicating inhomogeneity of these two states. To confirm the compatibility of the blend at 30/70 (w/w), the coagulate content was also noticed. Using a high-performance cover results in a paint with excellent devotion. In this work, a polymer blend of natural elastic and acrylic resin in an best ratio was employed as a cover for wall paints. Unlike added blending ratios, this join totally dissolved in non-cold solvent. As a result, this synthesizing ratio is highly urged and suited for use as a paint cover.

Author(s) Details:

A. Worlee,
Research and Development of Halal Products, Faculty of Science and Technology, Fatoni University, Pattani, 94160, Thailand.

N. Homdong,
Industrial Metrology and Testing Service Centre, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Patumthani, Bangkok 12120, Thailand.

N. Hayeemasae,
Department of Rubber Technology and Polymer Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani Campus, 94000, Thailand.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RACMS-V4/article/view/8691

A Brief Review on Cross-linking in Hydrogel| Chapter 3 | Research Aspects in Chemical and Materials Sciences Vol. 3

 In polymer science, cross-connecting is a settling technique that outcomes in the complex expansion of the polymeric chain and organization structure. A cross-interface is a bond that associates two polymer chains. It very well may be covalent or ionic. By restricting development, cross connecting transforms a fluid polymer into a "strong" or "gel." Polymer chains lose a portion of their ability to move freely when they are associated by cross-joins. Hydrogels are a sort of polymer with a high water content that has physical or synthetic crosslinks. By cross-connecting the chains, a fluid polymer (where the chains are allowed to stream) can be changed into a "strong" or "gel." A polymer with cross connecting has a bigger sub-atomic mass. Since they are precisely hearty and impervious to intensity, wear, and dissolvable assault, cross-connected polymers are critical. Cross-connected polymers have the detriment of being insoluble and infusible, which makes them somewhat unbending with regards to handling qualities.

Author(s) Details:

Jaya Maitra,
Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, Gautam Budh Nagar – 201312, (U.P.), India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RACMS-V3/article/view/8231

Formulation and in-vitro Evaluation of Theophylline Floating Tablets | Chapter 15 | Technological Innovation in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 3

 The application of technology's principles to overcome medication formulation issues and the presentation of selected potently beneficial medications has been promoted as technology continues to gain traction in the medical sciences. Our team used a synthetic polymer to create a floating drug delivery system for theophylline hydrochloride and then investigated the influence of polymer concentration on tablet buoyancy and drug release parameters in the study provided in this chapter. The polymer hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) was employed in three formulation batches of floating tablets at varied concentrations of 15% (F1), 20% (F2), and 30% (F3). The method used was wet granulation, with sodium bicarbonate and citric acid as the gas generators. The granules' and floating tablets' physical qualities were assessed. The tablet's physicomechanical properties, buoyancy, and swelling characteristics were also investigated. The drug release research was carried out according to the USP I (basket technique) for 8 hours at 50 rpm in 900 ml 0.1N HCl. At a set period, samples were taken and analyzed with a UV spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 271 nm. A one-way analysis of variance was used to statistically examine all of the data collected (ANOVA). P0.05 was used to determine whether the differences between means were significant. The results showed that increasing the polymer (HPMC) concentration raised the swelling index and decreased the floating lag time significantly (p0.05), but had no influence on the overall floating time. For formulations F1, F2, and F3, the percentage medication release at the end of 8 hours was 100 percent, 98.2 percent, and 96.13 percent, respectively. The Higuchi kinetics model of drug release was used in all three formulations, and the mechanism of drug release was non Fickian diffusion with exponents of 0.46, 0.51, and 0.56 for each batch. Batch F3 outperformed batches F1 and F2 in terms of drug control and floating properties. The concentration of polymers had an impact. the commencement of floating and theophylline's regulated release

Author (s) Details

E. I. Akpabio
Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Nigeria.

D. E. Effiong
Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Nigeria.

T. O. Uwah
Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Nigeria.

G. Jacob
Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Nigeria.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/TIPR-V3/article/view/1158

Studies on the Formulation of Sustained Release Zolpidem Tartrate Matrix Tablets through Optimization and Their Evaluation | Chapter 7 | Current Perspectives on Chemical Sciences Vol. 2

 The goal of the present study was to establish a method of sustained release of the hypnotic agent zolpidem, which is useful in the treatment of insomnia. The least complicated system for preserving the release of drug candidates is the Matrix tablet. Two HPMCK4 M and HPMCK15 M polymers were chosen to maintain the release for up to 12 hours. To optimise varied response variables, viz., release rate exponent (n), t50 percent, k, amount of drug released in 12 h and mean dissolution period, optimization techniques using factorial architecture for two factors at three levels (32) were selected. To measure the release kinetics, Zorel software was used.The programme for the design expert was used to create ANOVA for selected five Responses In addition, in vitro and in vivo experiments with newly developed sustained-release zolpidem tablets were conducted and compared to traditional marketed tablets (zoldem). In vivo rabbit investigations have shown a sustained release pharmacokinetic profile of zolpidem from matrix tablets formulated using HPMCK4 M and HPMCK15 M combinations. In conclusion , the results indicate that the sustained-release matrix tablets produced could provide a reasonably controlled release of zolpidem tartrate for up to almost 12 hours. The successful design, production and optimization of the formulation of zolpidem tartrate matrix tablets was conclusively achieved in the current study.

Author(s) Details

Dr. Masheer Ahmed Khan
School of Pharmacy, Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya, Takshshila Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore, M.P., India.

Prof. S. C. Chaturvedi
School of Pharmacy, Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya, Takshshila Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore, M.P., India.

View Book :- https://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/302

Nanocomposites – A Promising Tool in Safe and Effective Drug Delivery | Chapter 7 | Trends in Pharmaceutical Research and Development Vol.3

Nanocomposites are highly unique and high performing materials, which have now become an
assuring area of research and development. The particle size in nanomaterials makes it more
practicable to be used conveniently in formulating novel drug delivery system and can also be used as
a novel carrier for delivering or targeting drugs. A solid material with one of the phases being one, two
or three dimensional structure with less than 100nm size is called as nanocomposite. Nanofillers are
used in the polymer matrix to improve the properties of nanocomposites. Such nanofillers help in
rendering the nanocomposites higher in weight and increased properties with respect to thermal,
mechanical, chemical, optical, magnetic, electrical properties, etc. leading to much advantageous
drug delivery compared to the basic composites. Recent researches in drug delivery using
nanocomposites is becoming a trend in targeted and site specific drug delivery where many scientific
data have been proved to have safe and effective drug delivery at a faster rate in comparison with
conventional dosage forms. Thus the current review deals with the study of nanocomposites in safe
and effective drug delivery.

Author(s) Details

Dr. X. Fatima Grace
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Porur, Chennai – 600116, India.

View Book :- http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/222