Colloidal Nanoparticles Used as Anticancer Drug Carriers | Chapter 3 | Advanced Concepts in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 1

 Cancer is a philosophically significant disease, because the incidence of oncological diseases is steadily growing worldwide. This makes necessary the search for alternative healing strategies beyond usual chemo- and radiotherapy to reduce adverse belongings, in particular high toxicity. Molecular chemotherapeutics have cytotoxic belongings on both cancer containers and healthy dividing containers, in particular those of the immune order. The main problem of a destructive agent, selectivity, can be answered by using some differentiations of cancer cells from healthful cells. One such dissimilarity is their ability to phagocytose colloidal particles of submicron diameter. For this purpose, it is necessary to construct a ship that carries airplanes particles through which microscopic chemotherapeutics can be brought and released inside the cancer container.. Chemotherapeutic agents can be transported by nanoparticles, hydrogels, composed nanoparticle-hydrogels, micelles and liposomes. In this way, to achieve extreme transport efficiency, uptake and discrimination composite particles should be groomed starting from their physicochemical properties. The main focus concerning this book chapter is likely to the surface properties as hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity and electric charge of nanoparticles made from metal and dielectric substances: metals (golden, silver), metal-oxides of iron, container, titanium and zirconium, silicates (quartz), alumosilicates (montmorillonite, kaolinite), and carbonates. The physicochemical properties of the nanoparticles are emphasized in consideration of assist researchers in choosing appropriate nanoparticles for adsorption of drugs accompanying hydrophilic and hydrophobic organic molecules in consideration of synthesize composite atoms for using as carriers of various anticancer agents.

Author(s) Details:

Alexandar M. Zhivkov,
Institute of Physical Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 11, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria.

Svetlana H. Hristova,
Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Medical Faculty, Medical University – Sofia, Zdrave Str. 2, Sofia 1431, Bulgaria.

Trifon T. Popov,
Medical Faculty, Medical University – Sofia, Zdrave Str. 2, Sofia 1431, Bulgaria.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ACPR-V1/article/view/12074

Synthesis of Coated Urea and Study of its Impact on Growth and Yield of Maize| Chapter 13 | Research Highlights in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 6

 In this study, three different types of urea fertilizer coatings accompanying ethyl cellulose and vigor-super absorptive polymer were synthesized and their release pattern in addition to their effectiveness in field condition was further closely intentional. A column experiment was start to study the release pattern of the coated urea. Only 40% (64.2 mg N kg-1 soil) of the nitrogen was freed by the double-covered urea (EC+SAP) in the first 24 hours, that exhibited the chief slow-release pattern. In a field experiment conducted in Vaiyampalayam, Coimbatore, India, Urea painted with EC + vigor-SAP (100% RDF) has the highest dry matter result, followed by Urea painted with EC + vigor-SAP (75% RDF) with principles of 9519 and 9116 kg ha-1, respectively.

Author(s) Details:

. Lalchhuanawmi,
Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, TNAU, Coimbatore-03, India.

M. R. Backiyavathy,
Department of Natural Resource Management, Horticultural College and Research Institute, Periyakulam East, India.

Sharmila Rahale,
Department of Nanoscience and Technology,TNAU, Coimbatore-03, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHAS-V6/article/view/8852

A Brief Review on Cross-linking in Hydrogel| Chapter 3 | Research Aspects in Chemical and Materials Sciences Vol. 3

 In polymer science, cross-connecting is a settling technique that outcomes in the complex expansion of the polymeric chain and organization structure. A cross-interface is a bond that associates two polymer chains. It very well may be covalent or ionic. By restricting development, cross connecting transforms a fluid polymer into a "strong" or "gel." Polymer chains lose a portion of their ability to move freely when they are associated by cross-joins. Hydrogels are a sort of polymer with a high water content that has physical or synthetic crosslinks. By cross-connecting the chains, a fluid polymer (where the chains are allowed to stream) can be changed into a "strong" or "gel." A polymer with cross connecting has a bigger sub-atomic mass. Since they are precisely hearty and impervious to intensity, wear, and dissolvable assault, cross-connected polymers are critical. Cross-connected polymers have the detriment of being insoluble and infusible, which makes them somewhat unbending with regards to handling qualities.

Author(s) Details:

Jaya Maitra,
Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, Gautam Budh Nagar – 201312, (U.P.), India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RACMS-V3/article/view/8231

Fabrication of Xanthan Gum: Gelatin (Xnt:Gel) Hybrid Composite Hydrogels for Investigating Skin Wound Healing Efficacy | Chapter 12 | Current Advances in Chemistry and Biochemistry Vol. 9

 Fabrication of hybrid hydrogels to improve biological characteristics or mitigate biomaterial drawbacks has become a prominent method. With the growing threat of skin wounds to public health and the economy, this study was conducted using xanthan gum (Xnt), citric acid (C), gelatin (Gel), glutaraldehyde (G), and HPLC-grade water to fabricate a series of composite hydrogels, including Xnt, Xnt:C, Xnt:Gel(3):G, Xnt:C:Gel(3):G, X All of the composite hydrogels comprised more than 90% water, according to physicochemical analysis. Swelling ability, biodegradability, excellent polymeric networks, and porosity were all demonstrated in the hydrogels. The existence of bound water and free, intra and inter molecule bound hydrogen linked OH and NH in the hydrogels was confirmed using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). When compared to controls, all of the hydrogels showed considerable wound healing power in experimental deep second-degree skin burns in rats. Xnt:Gel(3):G, Xnt:Gel(5):G, and Xnt:C:Gel(5):G-treated wounds recovered faster than those treated with other composite hydrogels 20 days after application. The presence of Gel in the formulations may account for the maximum wound contraction of these hydrogel composites. Xnt:Gel(3):G, Xnt:Gel(5):G, and Xnt:C:Gel(5):G may be useful wound dressing materials, according to our findings.

Author (s) Details

Mohammad Mahfuz Ali Khan Shawan
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh.

Nazmul Islam
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh.

Shahin Aziz
BCSIR Laboratories, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Mirpur Road, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh.

Nazia Khatun
BCSIR Laboratories, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Mirpur Road, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh.

Satya Ranjan Sarker
Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh.

Mozammel Hossain
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh.

Tareq Hossan
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh.

Mahbubul Morshed
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh.

Marzan Sarkar
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh.

Md. Salman Shakil
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh.

Md. Nazibur Rahman
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh.

Most. Hosney Ara Begum
BCSIR Laboratories, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Mirpur Road, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh.

Md. Ashraful Hasan
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CACB-V9/article/view/2203

Swelling Studies of PVA/Gelatin Hydrogels Synthesized Using Gamma Irradiation Technique | Chapter 9 | Current Perspectives on Chemical Sciences Vol. 9

 The aim of this study was to use the gamma irradiation technique to create various compositions of PVA/gelatin hydrogels. PVA and gelatin aqueous solutions with equal concentration were mixed in various weight ratios, namely 100/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, and 0/100, and were subjected to a 25 kGy gamma irradiation dose. Powder XRD and FESEM analysis were used to examine the prepared sample for structural and morphological characteristics. For different PVA and gelatin concentrations, significant changes in structural and morphological characteristics were observed. The swelling experiments were carried out at various pH levels, and the swelling data was fitted to a power law expression to determine the PVA/gelatin hydrogels' swelling mechanism. The swelling properties of PVA/gelatin hydrogels were discovered to increase as the gelatin percentage was increased. Different concentrations of PVA/gelatin hydrogels had better swelling potential and customised functionalities, making them a better material for biomedical applications.

Author (s) Details

K. Swaroop
Centre for Application of Radioisotopes and Radiation Technology (CARRT), Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri-574 199, Mangalore, Karnataka, India and Department of Physics, G M Institute of Technology, Davanagere-577006, Karnataka, India.

L. P. Shrikant
K S hedge Medical Academy, NITTE University, Deralakatte, Mangalore-575018, Karnataka, India.

H. M. Somashekarappa
Centre for Application of Radioisotopes and Radiation Technology (CARRT), Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri-574 199, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.

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Investigation on the Optimization and Evaluation of Temperature Triggered in Situ Hydrogels for an Effective Treatment of Ophthalmic Preparations–A Perlustratio | Chapter 1 | Trends in Pharmaceutical Research and Development Vol.4

 

This work reviews on the optimization and evaluation of pluronic polymers based thermo-responsive
in-situ hydrogels which is used specifically for ophthalmic purposes. The method of preparation using
cold method and different physicochemical properties that affect hydrogel preparations include pH,
flow ability, transition of sol–gel, temperature, gelling capacity and rheological properties were briefly
reviewed. Based on in-vitro release studies and gelling capacity, how the best formulation could be
selected and analyzed has been widely discussed in this work. Literature reports on the study of
different autoclaving (both before and after) and irritation studies in rabbits were reviewed. In addition,
the aqueous humour analysis done using albino rabbits was also reported. Through this review, it was
inferred that the increase in pluronic polymer concentration increase the physiochemical property of
sol–gel transition temperature. Further, these types of hydrogels are widely established as secured
especially for usage ophthalmic products and it might significantly improve drug bioavailability in
humour analysis. It is concluded that the optimized in-situ hydrogels could be a promising substitute to conventional eye drops.

Author (s) Details

B. Anbarasan
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Porur, Chennai-600116, India.

J. Thanka

Department of Pathology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Porur, Chennai-600116, India.

S. Ramaprabhu
Department of Physics, Alternative Energy and Nanotechnology Laboratory (AENL), Nano Functional Materials Technology Centre (NFMTC), Indian Institute of Technology, Chennai-600036, India.

S. Shanmuganathan
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Porur, Chennai-600116, India.

View Book :- http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/269