Synthesis, Photocatalytic Applications of AI Gum Stabilized Cobalt Doped Zno Nanoparticles in Methylene Blue Dye | Chapter 5 | Current Innovations in Chemical and Materials Sciences Vol. 2

 The current study secondhand a traditional wet synthetic approach to manufacture Azadirachta indica gum (AI wax) stabilized sky (Co) doping on ZnO (Co: ZnO NPs), and we investigated the fundamental, morphological, and ocular aspects of the resulting matters. Nanoparticles are defined as ultrafine atoms sized between 1 and 100 nanometres in width. In recent decades, skilled has been wide controlled research on the various uses of nanoparticles in explanation, electronics, manufacturing, cosmetic, and medicine. The benefits of using nanoparticles in creation are immense, promising exceptional physical and synthetic properties for modified creation materials. Among common people different types of nanoparticles, titanium dioxide, carbon nanotubes, silica, policeman, clay, and aluminium group of chemical elements are the most widely used nanoparticles in the building sector.Average atom size and shape of AI-Co: ZnO NPs were observed utilizing high-judgment Schottky emitter FE-SEM. The surface morphological images of FE-SEM exhibit that all the pieces were spherical. From UV-Visible Spectroscopy (UV) reasoning, the absorption intensity was somewhat shifted to lower awareness due to difference in the cobalt concentration and the bandgap was raised with an increase in sedating percentage of cobalt. The premeditated band gap strength was 3.55 eV, 3.57 eV and 3.59 eV for AI-Zn0.97Co0.03O, AI-Zn0.95Co0.05O and AI-Zn0.93Co0.07O nanoparticles, respectively. The chemical working group or molecular form of AI-Co: ZnO NPs was studied using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy method. X-Ray diffraction studies shows having six of something form with particle proportion 16-18 nm. The degradation of Methylene Blue (MB) was erect to be 48%, 58% and 74% for 0.01 g, 0.02 g and 0.03 g of 0.5% cobalt drugged AI gum secured Co-doped ZnO nanoparticles.

Author(s) Details:

R. Sakthivel,
Department of Electronics, PSG College of Arts & Science, Coimbatore-14, India.

A. Geetha,
Department of Chemistry, Hindusthan College of Arts & Science, Coimbatore-14, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CICMS-V2/article/view/12327

Investigating the Effect of Post Annealing on Antibacterial Activity of Zno thin Films Prepared by Modified Silar Technique | Chapter 2 | Progress in Chemical Science Research Vol. 7

 The reduced Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction (SILAR) technique was used to forge thin films of zinc group of chemical elements (ZnO). The produced ZnO films' ocular, structural, and uncontaminated characteristics were examined concerning their annealing temperature, that ranged from 250°C to 450°C. ZnO is individual of the promising matters that have no negative impacts on human health when distinguished to other metals and mineral oxide. Utilizing photoluminescence and UV-apparent spectroscopy, optical traits were investigated. When compared to the largeness value, ocular absorption ranges showed a vulgar shift, and PL tests confirmed the attendance of interstitial Zn+ ion defects and oxygen ion vacancies in the produced ZnO thin films. The invention of the hexagonal aspect of ZnO was shown apiece X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) pattern, and it was discovered that the force of the film increased with an increase in annealing hotness.  Images taken utilizing a field emission flipping through electron microscope (FESEM) illustrate the substrate's presence during the whole of with a makeup like a flower and a pinhole-free covering.  Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E.coli) was well dependent on the occupancy of interstitial Zn+ ions and for Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus) it was dependent on oxygen vacancy in the films.

Author(s) Details:

R. Sakthivel,
Department of Electronics, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore-641014, India.

A. Geetha,
Department of Chemistry, Hindusthan College of Arts & Science, Coimbatore – 641028, Tamilnadu, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/PCSR-V7/article/view/9843

Overview of Nickel Oxide (NiO) Thin Films for Gas Sensing Applications | Chapter 5 | New Trends in Physical Science Research Vol. 5

 Due to the release of different hazardous gases from our daily activities, environmental pollution has recently become a severe concern. Many researchers have been driven by these challenges to develop and manufacture low-cost high-performance gas sensors that can detect harmful chemicals and monitor their emission in order to preserve the environment and human health. Nickel oxide (NiO) is a semiconducting metal oxide compound that can be examined as a possible gas sensing material. This chapter focuses on an overview of the various methods for synthesis of NiO thin films, as well as the spray pyrolysis method for synthesis of NiO thin films. We also explore the effect of film thickness on the crystallinity and functional characteristics of NiO thin films as they are deposited. The gas sensing measurements utilising NiO thin films produced at optimal nickel (Ni) concentrations are discussed in this chapter.

Author(s) Details:

Sunil Rameshgir Gosavi,
Material Research Laboratory, C. H. C. Arts, S. G. P. Commerce, and B. B. J. P. Science College, Taloda, Dist. Nandurbar-425413, (M. S.), India.

H.S. Gawale,
Z.B. Patil Arts, Commerce and Science College, Dhule-424002, (M. S.), India.

K. R. Sali,
Material Research Laboratory, C. H. C. Arts, S. G. P. Commerce, and B. B. J. P. Science College, Taloda, Dist. Nandurbar-425413, (M. S.), India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NTPSR-V5/article/view/7161

Assessment of Temperature and Nanoparticle Concentration on the Viscosity of Glycerine-water Based SiO2 Nanofluids | Chapter 4 | Research Developments in Science and Technology Vol. 7

 The dynamic viscosity of SiO2/22nm nanofluids created in a glycerine-water (30:70 by volume) mixed base liquid, referred to as GW70, was determined experimentally. At temperatures ranging from 20 to 80 degrees Celsius, nanofluids with concentrations of 0.2, 0.6, and 1.0 percent are generated, and viscosity measurements are taken with an LVDV-2T Brookfield Viscometer. The particle size and elemental composition of nanoparticles are determined using FESEM and EDX, while XRD images show the existence of SiO2 peaks in the crystalline structure. The rheology of nanofluids is affected by the concentration of nanoparticles. In the experimental temperature and concentration range, nanofluids behave Newtonian. The viscosity of nanofluids increased as particle concentration increased and reduced as temperature increased. At 20oC, the highest viscosity value is at 1.0 percent vol. concentration, whereas at 80oC, the lowest viscosity value is at 0.2 percent vol. concentration. The viscosity of the glycerine-water base fluid was also tested at 20, 40, 60, and 80 degrees Celsius. The viscosity ratio of all nanofluids to the base liquid is determined to be larger than one. This viscosity data may be used to determine the HTC of glycerine-water-based silica nanofluids.

Author(s) Details:

M. Mohammed Mohaideen,
Department of Aeronautical Engineering, Malla Reddy College of Engineering and Technology, Hyderabad-500100, India.

P. H. V. Sesha Talpa Sai,
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Malla Reddy College of Engineering and Technology, Hyderabad-500100, India.

M. L. R. Chaitanya Lahari,
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Malla Reddy College of Engineering and Technology, Hyderabad-500100, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RDST-V7/article/view/7078

Zinc Barium Oxalate Crystals Grown by Gel Method: A Spectroscopic and Thermal Studies | Chapter 08 | Challenges and Advances in Chemical Science Vol. 8

 In this research, the silica hydrogel approach was employed to generate zinc mixed barium oxalate (ZnBaO) crystals successfully. Variables such as the specific gravity of Sodium Meta Silicate (SMS), the concentration of the oxalic acid (C2H2O4.2H2O) solution, the pH of the gel, the gel setting time, the concentration of reactants such as zinc chloride (ZnCl2) and barium chloride (BaCl2.2H2O), and others were used to determine the optimum conditions. The presence of distinct layers in the produced crystals is revealed using a Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM). X-ray energy dispersive analysis (EDAX). This was utilised to look into elemental analysis. It establishes the elemental percentage composition of the crystals as they grow. The EDAX analysis reveals the presence of Zn2+, Ba2+, C, and O components in the formed crystal. The existence of functional groups such as the O-H band, C-H band, C=O, C-C bands, and metal oxide bands is revealed by vibrational analysis of formed crystals identified by FTIR and laser Raman spectroscopy. The energy bandgap, absorption coefficient, refractive index, reflectance, electrical polarizability, and cutoff wavelength of the formed crystal are revealed by UV-Visible spectrum analysis. These constants are used to characterise materials used in a wide range of applications, including the manufacture of opto-electronic devices. TGA, DSC, and DSC were used to investigate the thermal stability of ZnBaO crystals, revealing the chemical pathway involved in disintegration.

Author(S) Details

Mangala M. Sanjeevannanavar
Department of Physics, FMKMC College, A Constituent College of Mangalore University, Madikeri-571201, Kodagu, Karnataka, India.

N. Jagannatha
Department of Physics, FMKMC College, A Constituent College of Mangalore University, Madikeri-571201, Kodagu, Karnataka, India.

P. S. Rohith
Department of Physics, FMKMC College, A Constituent College of Mangalore University, Madikeri-571201, Kodagu, Karnataka, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/CACS-V8/article/view/5632

Removal of Sr (II) Metal Ions from Aqueous Solution by Using Natural Zeolite and It’s Na-Zeolite Derivative | Chapter 4 | Current Approaches in Science and Technology Research Vol. 8

 Stilbite (Natural Zeolite), Na-Zeolite, and Sr(II) metal ions are exchanged with Sr(II) metal ions in this study to investigate the removal of heavy metal ions from industrial waste water. Inductive Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy was used to examine the current zeolite and its exchanged derivative (ICP-AES). The exchanged derivative is then used to make adsorbed Sr(II) metal ion derivatives. IR spectroscopy is used to investigate the structural changes. Natural zeolite has the highest proportion of Sr(II) metal ion exchange than Na-zeolite. SEM analysis for morphological structure and the XRD technique are utilised to identify the unit cell structure of synthetic and natural zeolite in this work. TGA is also used to conduct thermal research on natural zeolite and its exchanged derivative (Thermal Gravimetric Analysis). FESEM (Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope) and EDAX analysis are also performed on the same materials. Sr(II) metal ions were successfully exchanged with Stilbite-natural zeolite and doped Na-zeolite.

Author (s) Details

Pradeep P. Talware
K. A. M. Patil Arts, Commerce and Kai. Annasaheb N. K. Patil Science Senior College, Pimplaner, Tal-Sakri, Dhule 424306, Maharashtra, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CASTR-V8/article/view/1945

Swelling Studies of PVA/Gelatin Hydrogels Synthesized Using Gamma Irradiation Technique | Chapter 9 | Current Perspectives on Chemical Sciences Vol. 9

 The aim of this study was to use the gamma irradiation technique to create various compositions of PVA/gelatin hydrogels. PVA and gelatin aqueous solutions with equal concentration were mixed in various weight ratios, namely 100/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, and 0/100, and were subjected to a 25 kGy gamma irradiation dose. Powder XRD and FESEM analysis were used to examine the prepared sample for structural and morphological characteristics. For different PVA and gelatin concentrations, significant changes in structural and morphological characteristics were observed. The swelling experiments were carried out at various pH levels, and the swelling data was fitted to a power law expression to determine the PVA/gelatin hydrogels' swelling mechanism. The swelling properties of PVA/gelatin hydrogels were discovered to increase as the gelatin percentage was increased. Different concentrations of PVA/gelatin hydrogels had better swelling potential and customised functionalities, making them a better material for biomedical applications.

Author (s) Details

K. Swaroop
Centre for Application of Radioisotopes and Radiation Technology (CARRT), Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri-574 199, Mangalore, Karnataka, India and Department of Physics, G M Institute of Technology, Davanagere-577006, Karnataka, India.

L. P. Shrikant
K S hedge Medical Academy, NITTE University, Deralakatte, Mangalore-575018, Karnataka, India.

H. M. Somashekarappa
Centre for Application of Radioisotopes and Radiation Technology (CARRT), Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri-574 199, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CPCS-V9/issue/view/44