Role of Herbal Medicine “Diabetocure” on Clinical and Biochemical Parameters of Diabetes: A Clinical Approach | Chapter 6 | Advanced Concepts in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 5

The objective of present research work is to design and develop herbal formulation in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronically elevated blood glucose above the normal range. Around 400 herbal treatments for diabetes mellitus are reported, but only a few of these have been approved of their therapeutic efficacy. Traditional treatments have mostly disappeared in occidental societies, but some are prescribed by practitioners of alternative medicine or taken by patients as supplements to conventional therapy. A hypoglycemic action from some treatments has been confirmed in animal models and non-insulin dependent diabetic patients, and various hypoglycemic compounds have been identified. The herbal substitutes for insulin and related anti-diabetic drugs seems challenging, but herbal treatments can provide valuable clues for the development of new oral hypoglycemic agents and simple dietary adjuncts. Patients in drug powder group showed significant improvement in the management of diabetes as well as subjective relief in symptoms with diabetes while placebo group had no significant change in pain score at the end of 12 weeks. It is recommended that larger and longer duration trials are required to establish the efficacy and safety of drug powder in treatment of diabetic as well as its comparison with other groups of drugs before it can he proved to be better than other drugs in controlling the painful diabetic neuropathy symptoms.

Author(s) Details:

Ayush Garg,
Department of Pharmaceutics, Venkateshwar Institute of Pharmacy, Sai Tirupati University, Umarda, Udaipur (Rajasthan), India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ACPR-V5/article/view/13282

Hexavalent Chromium and Cellular Bioenergetics: An Experimental Study| Chapter 5 | Current Topics on Chemistry and Biochemistry Vol. 5

 Mice were used to examine the dose-dependent effects of subacute Cr(VI) exposure on the bioenergetics of carbohydrates. The TCA cycle enzymes, blood glucose, liver glycogen, and pyruvic acid were investigated. The amount of tissue protein, free amino acid nitrogen, transaminase, and NADH dehydrogenase activity was also calculated. A dose-dependent reduction in blood glucose and hepatic glycogen was brought on by chromium exposure. Isocitrate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, and malate dehydrogenase activities were all significantly changed according to dose. Pyruvate exhaustion was observed in hepatic tissue. Depletion of total protein, increased transaminase activity, and decreased NADH dehydrogenase activity were all linked to increased hepatic free amino nitrogen. It is concluded that Cr(VI) alters carbohydrate bioenergetics by having hypoglycaemic and glycogenolytic effects in hepatocytes that are dose-dependently accompanied by changes to the TCA cycle and electron transport pathways.

Author(s) Details:

Kanu Shil,
Nutritional Biochemistry and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagarm West Tripura - 799022, India.

Sudipta Pal,
Nutritional Biochemistry and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagarm West Tripura - 799022, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CTCB-V5/article/view/8299

A Review of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Ademolus Classification of Hypogly| Chapter 5| Highlights on Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 11

Hyperglycemia found at any stage during pregnancy should be classed as diabetes mellitus in pregnancy or gestational diabetes mellitus, according to the World Health Organization. Women with diabetes and women with intermediate hyperglycemia, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and impaired fasting glycemia (IFG) as described in non-pregnant individuals are included in current definitions of gestational diabetes. The use of insulin in gestational diabetes mellitus is recommended at a category B level, whereas the use of an oral hypoglycemic medication is recommended at a category C level. The risk of hypoglycemia in both the mother and the foetus is the same regardless of whether glucose lowering drug is taken, whether injectable or oral. This feature is what makes the Ademolus Classification of Hypoglycaemia (ACH) a useful tool in evaluating hypoglycemia complicating the management of gestational diabetes mellitus. It's worth noting that outcomes from research on maternal hypoglycemia varied, owing in part to discrepancies in hypoglycemia definitions. This is one of the knowledge gaps and disputes that Ademolus Classification of Hypoglycemia in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Management Complication will help to address. It will assist to unify the concept of hypoglycemia regardless of race and allow for objective data comparison. ACH will make continuous glucose monitoring interpretation easier. The more we use ACH, the more we will notice gaps in our existing knowledge, gain insight into hypoglycemia complicating gestational diabetes mellitus, and become more scientifically knowledgeable, as it will open up a new path of scientific understanding of fetomaternal pathophysiology for the benefit of mankind.

Author (s) Details

Dr. Adegbenga B. Ademolu
Medicine Department, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/HMMS-V11/article/view/2498

Annona stenophylla, a Medicinal Herb with Potential for Treating Sugar Imbalances in Diabetes Mellitus | Chapter 10 | Research Trends and Challenges in Medical Science Vol. 7

 Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic condition characterised by insulin secretion that is defective. The disease poses a significant health risk to healthcare systems around the world. Blindness, kidney failure, neuropathy, amputations, cardiovascular disease and stroke may be caused by complications. By 2030, 600 million people will be infected globally and will need around USD 2.3 trillion to tackle the disease (WHO). It is estimated that the world drug market for antidiabetic drugs is USD68bln, mainly insulin and oral hypoglycaemics. With China and India having officially registered a variety of antidiabetic herbal medicines, several traditional medicinal herbs are still in use. Antidiabetic herbal medicines may complement or may have a benefit over modern medicines, as they often heal through different mechanisms and may often be cheaper. The prevalence of diabetes in Zimbabwe is estimated at 10% of the population and is frequently associated with obesity and HIV/AIDS with hypertension (30% prevalence) (13 percent ). Diabetes is an underlying disease of aggravated COVID-19 illness worldwide. Annona stenopylla (Annonaceae) is an indigenous shrub used in herbal medicine as a food plant and to treat a variety of ailments that have also shown hypoglycaemic effects and may be used to relieve some of the underlying conditions observed in patients with COVID-19 and survivors of coronavirus. From Samples of A. Stenophylla was found to contain fatty acids, proteins and mineral elements of secondary metabolites, carbohydrates; to have antimicrobial, analgesic, antioxidant, antidiarrhoeal and dyslipidemic properties; Having hypoglycaemic and antidiabetic properties in laboratory animals and having several modes of action and being relatively healthy in acute toxicity studies. A. Stenophylla is widely distributed in Zimbabwe and can be sustainably propagated and cultivated. The production of herbal medicines and polyherbal formulations could allow lower doses to be used in the treatment of DM and, in particular, in combination with modern medicines.

Author(s) Details

Tafadzwa Taderera
School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, P.O.Box MP 167, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe.

Lameck Shoriwa Chagonda
School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, P.O.Box MP 167, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe.

Exnevia Gomo
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, P.O.Box A178, Avondale Harare, Zimbabwe.

David Katerere
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.

Leshweni J. Shai
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.

View Book :- https://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/361