Analysing Changes in Sustainable Living in Mtwara Rural District, Tanzania: Assessing the Effects of Gas Extraction Activities | Chapter 2 | New Ideas Concerning Arts and Social Studies Vol. 5

 

The paper aims to analyse the changes in sustainable living in Mtwara Rural District, Tanzania, by assessing the effects of gas extraction operations. A household survey was conducted between July and October 2020, whereby a questionnaire was administered to the household heads who were sampled for the study. Key informant interviews (KIIs) and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) were recorded, transcribed, and analysed together with field observations. The results show that gas extraction has had an adverse impact on changes in livelihood activities in general in the study area. Local communities residing closer to the gas extraction plant had higher livelihood diversity, especially in sea-shells collection, farming and farm wage labour and carpentry, compared to villages away from the gas processing plant. In order to bring equitable livelihood changes and outcomes among households, it is recommended to the Local Government Authority and non-governmental organizations involved in promoting livelihood improvement through extractive investments to promote local communities households ownership of resources by allowing them to have more access and control of their natural resources including gas, land as well as addressing the constraints for household residing close to extractive investment operations. Hence, incorporating those changes, analysing their impact on households' well-being, and designing various coping strategies for mitigating such events would probably shed more light on poverty reduction and promotion of sustainable livelihoods in rural areas affected by gas extraction.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Beston Musa Musoma
Department of Development Finance and Management Studies, Institute of Rural Development Planning, P.O. Box 138, Dodoma, Tanzania.

 

Mwabless N Malila

Department of Policy Planning and Management, College of Social Sciences and Humanities, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3035, Morogoro, Tanzania.

 

Francis Naftal Mbowe
Institute of Judicial Administration, Lushoto, P.O. Box 20, Lushoto, Tanzania.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/nicass/v5/2581

 

The Relationship of Assets with Liabilities and Capital or Owners Equity: Evidence of Companies Listed on Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange, Tanzania | Chapter 1 | Business, Management and Economics: Research Progress Vol. 2

 

The accounting equation shows the equality or relationship between company assets, liabilities, and capital or owner’s equity. This article attempts to explain how an accounting equation evolves due to the complex behaviors of managers in decision-making making specifically capital structure decisions. The article looks at the accounting equation by using trade-off theory and positive accounting theory lenses. The accounting equation is viewed as living or dynamic and changes according to human behavior or managers of a company’s behavior. The article focuses on all 15 companies listed on the Dar Salaam Stock Exchange (DSE) from the year 2005 to 2008 when Tanzania effectively adopted IASs. Annual reports of companies were used to obtain data from 2005 through 2008. The values of total assets, liabilities, and owners’ equity or capital were obtained from the companies’ statements of financial position and regressed together. The regression model and descriptive statistics were used to show the relationship between total assets, liabilities, and owners’ equity. The model was then used to show a new form of the accounting equation, rates of change of liabilities, and owners’ equity. In this article, the new approaches or look at the accounting equation and the rates of change of liabilities and capital in relation to assets were found and shows the proportion of the two components of assets i.e. liability 64% and capital 36% to the asset. Finally, the author explains the constant term which is not explained by other authors of the accounting field. This article shows for the first time a new form of accounting equation, different rates of change for the two components of assets, and finally proportions of the owners’ equity/ capital and liabilities components on assets. Future researchers should find out how the accounting equation evolves, how total liabilities of companies (L) and companies’ owners’ equity (C) change in relation to total assets as well as the proportion of L and C to the total assets in specific industries and should also define the optimal point where capital equals to liability.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Ntui Ponsian Prot
St. Augustine University of Tanzania, Mwanza, Tanzania.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/bmerp/v2/2980G

Relationship between Working Capital Management and Profitability | Chapter 1 | Business, Management and Economics: Research Progress Vol. 3

 

Business is crucial for a country's capital formation and plays a vital role in a growing economy. So, effective management is essential. Fund managers face the challenge of procuring and deploying funds for maximum returns. The purpose of this study is to find out the effect of working capital management on company profitability. In light of this objective, the study adopted quantitative approaches to test the research hypotheses. A sample of three (3) manufacturing companies listed on the Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange (DSE) was used for a period of ten years (2002-2012) with a total of 30 observations. Annual financial statements (statement of comprehensive income and statement of financial position) for the period of ten years from 2002 to 2012 were used to collect data for this study. The data was analyzed on a quantitative basis using Pearson’s correlation and Regression analysis (Ordinary Least Square). The main findings from the study are; Firstly, there exists a positive relationship between the cash conversion cycle and profitability of the firm. This means if the cash conversion cycle increases it will lead to an increase in the profitability of the firm, and managers can create a positive value for the shareholders by increasing the cash conversion cycle to a reasonable level. Secondly, there is a negative relationship between liquidity and profitability showing that as liquidity decreases, the profitability also increases. Thirdly, there exists a highly significant negative relationship between average collection period and profitability indicating that a decrease in the number of days a firm receives payment from sales affects the profitability of the firm positively. Fourthly, there is a highly significant positive relationship between the average payment period and profitability. This implies that the longer a firm takes to pay its creditors, the more profitable it is.  Fifthly, there exists a highly significant negative relationship between inventory turnover in days and profitability hinting that firms which maintain sufficiently low inventory levels reduce the cost of storing the inventory which results in higher profitability. The management of working capital is one of the most important financial decisions of a firm. A sufficient level of working capital should be present for the smooth running of a company regardless of the nature of the business. Future research should investigate the generalization of the findings beyond the companies listed on the Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange.

 

Author(s) Details

Gwatako Tago
Accounting and Finance, Tanzania Institute of Accountancy (TIA), Tanzania.

 

Ntui Ponsian
Accounting and Finance, St. Augustine University of Tanzania (SAUT), Tanzania.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/bmerp/v3/2979G

Soil Stabilization Using Natural Pozzolana for Cost-Effective Road Pavement Construction in Tanzania' | Chapter 5 | Research Advances in Environment, Geography and Earth Science Vol. 8

Recent works of research in Civil Engineering Sciences have noted with delight the significant role that subgrade plays in safe and cost-effective pavement construction projects and design in developing countries. Given that the materials used are durable, there is an increasing requirement/awareness for the improvement of both the plasticity and the bearing capacity of local existing soils especially in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Laterite soil is a residual soil that is noted for being soft when excluded from air and rapid hardening when exposed to air with high resistance to water and air penetration. Due to a series of wetting and drying processes over time, vertical movements in the soil mass can occur, leading to pavement failures such as settlement, cracking, and unevenness. This results in the collapse of the infrastructure project that is built or supported. Also, the scarcity of the utilization of crushed rock (CRR) and crushed stone (CRS) as base course materials for road pavement construction constitutes a problem in some locations within Tanzania due to the far location of the quarry site and the overall transportation and material costs. Laterite soil is therefore noted as one of the local materials that are readily available in large quantities in some areas. However, due to the fact that this type of soil has low strength for road base construction because it exhibits certain unique properties of thermal and mechanical instabilities that make it different from other road construction materials, not much attention is paid to it. Hence this research and the question: How can Natural Pozzolana through experiments be improved upon for soil stabilization in road and infrastructure projects in Tanzania? National Statistical figures show that Tanzania imports about 40,000 tons of fly ash on an annual average in the construction sectors. The use of pozzolana for soil stabilization will sustainably reduce the costs of these importations. The objective of this research is to determine how this can be carried out using the collected natural laterite soil after stabilization using Sieve analysis, Compaction test, Atterberg limit test and California Bearing tests in the Central Material Laboratory (CML).

 

Author(s) Details

Samwel J. B.
Department of Building Economics, Ardhi University, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

 

Monko R.
Department of Building Economics, Ardhi University, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

 

Onatu G.
Department of Urban and Regional Planning, University of Johannesburg, South Africa.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/raeges/v8/1563

Evaluating the Smallholder Farmers’ Perceptions towards Agricultural Credit in Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania | Chapter 7 | Business, Management and Economics: Research Progress Vol. 5

The agricultural sector is crucial to Tanzania’s economy, serving as a key driver of sustainable and robust economic growth. However, despite its importance, the sector is predominantly small-scale, with smallholder farmers who struggle with low incomes. This economic reality drives a strong demand for agricultural credit, which is essential for enabling farming operations and the adoption of new technologies. Agricultural credit demand represents farmers’ willingness and ability to access financial resources to meet their investment needs. This study sought to evaluate the smallholder farmers’ perceptions towards agricultural credit in Morogoro municipality, Tanzania. The study was grounded in rational choice theory, which was given priority due to its relevance in explaining access to financial services, as individual attributes significantly influence credit demand among smallholder farmers. The theory assumes that smallholder farmers choose the most favorable option based on their preferences among the available alternatives. A cross-sectional research design was employed incorporating a mixed research approach. A multi-stage sampling technique involving two stages was used. In the first stage, the study purposively selected 10 out of 29 wards based on their potential in crop production and the presence of credit-providing institutions. Subsequently, 300 smallholder farmers were randomly selected. Both primary data and secondary data were used. Primary data collected from 300 smallholder farmers were descriptively analyzed using the SPSS version. 25. The study findings revealed that larger farm sizes necessitate more labor, which in turn increases the demand for capital, often sourced through credit. However, the study identified several challenges perceived by smallholder farmers that hinder their access to agricultural credit. These challenges include the risk associated with agriculture credit, limited access to credit information, lack of education, bureaucratic lending procedures, and high loan repayment rates. The perception that application procedures are cumbersome and time-consuming was particularly noted as a deterrent, which negatively impacts farmers’ likelihood of seeking credit from MFIs. The study concludes by recommending targeted interventions to enhance smallholder farmers' access to agricultural credit. This includes educational programs focused on the effective utilization of credit, as well as improvements in market information systems. Furthermore, financial institutions are urged to enhance the dissemination of information regarding agricultural credit, thereby improving their service delivery and supporting the financial inclusion of smallholder farmers.

 

Author (s) Details

Lazaro Athanas Mwonge
Department of Economics, Mathematics and Statistics, Jordan University College (JUCo), P.O.Box 1878 Morogoro, Tanzania.

 

Alexis Naho
Department of Economics, Mathematics and Statistics, Jordan University College (JUCo), P.O.Box 1878 Morogoro, Tanzania.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/bmerp/v5/1860

Evaluation of Factors that Predict the Success Rate of Trial of Labor after the Caesarian Section among Women with One Previous Scar at St. Francis Referral Hospital Ifakara, Tanzania | Chapter 1 | Achievements and Challenges of Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 4

Background: A trial of labor is a safe option for most women after one previous caesarean delivery. The specific objective of the study was to determine the rate of VBAC among women with one previous scar at St. Francis Referral Hospital, Ifakara, Tanzania, to determine obstetric factors influencing the success of VBAC among women with one previous scar.

Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from January 01 to December 31, 2023. A total of 133 pregnant women with one previous scar were enrolled. Interviews were conducted with all participants.

Results: The analysis includes 133 pregnant women with one previous scar attending the outpatient department obstetric clinic. Of these 37.6% were aged between 21-29 years; 52.6% were Christian, 90.2% were married, 45.1% were secondary, 45.1% were self-employed, and 37.6% were parity 1. Regarding gestation (weeks), 62.4% were 37-42 weeks, and 67.7% attended ANC. Among them, 63.9% were 2 ANC visits. Emergency caesarean delivery; accounts for 82.7% while 75.2% underwent pfannestiel incision. The Operation Duration was 30-60 min for 48.9% with 75.2% experiencing Intraoperative blood loss of; 500-1000mls. Antibiotic administration was post-operative in; 81.7%, and 18.8% had previous uterine incision extension.

Conclusion: This study shows that pregnant women with one previous scar attending an outpatient department obstetric clinic can successfully undergo VBAC. Promoting VBAC by emphasizing favorable during counseling enhances its prevalence.

 

Author (s) Details

Sylivester W. Mkama
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, St. Francis University College of Health and Allied Sciences, Ifakara, Tanzania.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/acmms/v4/1688 

The Factors Affecting Waste Reduction among Food Vendors | Chapter 2 | Geography, Earth Science and Environment: Research Highlights Vol. 3

Waste management is a current major challenge for all communities around the world. This study conducted in the Manzese Ward of Dar-es-Salaam city in Tanzania, aimed at identifying the individual and institutional factors associated with waste minimization among food vendors, determining the level of waste minimization among food vendors, and investigating the association between related factors (individual and institutional factors) and waste minimization among food vendors.

Quantitative data collection strategies were used. The study collected data from 234 participants, selected using a multistage sampling technique. Data were analyzed using descriptive and bivariate analyses, and a multivariate ordinal logistic model was fitted.

The results show that most vendors are young (less than 35 years old), have basic education, and have a positive attitude toward waste minimization. The most significant factors for waste minimization among the food vendors working in Manzese Ward were education level (AOR= 35; 95% CI: 69-0.70; p=029), monthly income (AOR= 49; 95% CI: 20-12; p=118), knowledge level (AOR= 36; 95% CI; 15-85; p<0.003), and attitude (AOR=17; 95% CI: 69-42; p<0.001). These factors are important for reducing waste and maintaining low waste production by food vendors.

The levels of income, knowledge, and attitude of the vendors were identified as being crucial factors in minimizing waste. While provision of equipment for waste segregation, collection and removal, and the provision of sanitary facilities were identified as being important institutional factors contributing towards minimizing waste. These factors are relatively easier to implement and enforce, especially for developing economies leading to effective waste management.

 

Author (s) Details

 

David R. Mutekanga
School of Graduate Studies, Bugema University, Kampala, Uganda.

Geraldina Mwita
School of Graduate Studies, Bugema University, Kampala, Uganda.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/geserh/v3/3064

Determining the Effects of Participatory Teaching Methods on Students’ Learning of Mathematics and Biology in Tanzania | Chapter 3 | Progress in Language, Literature and Education Research Vol. 8

This paper originates from a study on the effects of interactive teaching methods on students' learning of mathematics and biology at Tanzania's ordinary level secondary schools in Mwanza region. The qualitative technique was used in conjunction with the quantitative data. The 111 participants were chosen using simple random selection and selective sampling methods. Purposeful sampling was used to identify participants who could provide in-depth insights related to the participatory methods versus learning outcomes. Characteristics such as expertise, experiences and specific attributes were employed. To enhance generalizability of quantitative findings, random sampling technique was used to ensure that each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected. In addition, the study collected data via surveys, interviews, focus groups, observations, and documentary reviews. In contrast to the content analysis that was performed on the qualitative data, the quantitative data were analysed through processes like data cleaning, coding variables, dispersion and frequency distribution henceforth, bar charts, histogram, tables, figures and percentages were developed to facilitate interpretation. The research revealed that students had a positive attitude toward participative teaching methods and a desire to learn. According to studies, students' comprehension of math and biology at a basic level can be improved by adopting participatory teaching methods supported by suitable T/L materials and qualified teachers.

Author(s) Details:

Muhangwa Godfrey Michael,
The National Council for Technical and Vocational Education and Training (NACTVET), Tanzania.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/PLLER-V8/article/view/14236

Implementing a Web-Based Solution to Address Challenges in the Admission Framework for Advanced Level Private Schools in Tanzania | Chapter 7 | Progress in Language, Literature and Education Research Vol. 6

This study introduces the Tanzania Central Processing Admission System (TCPAS) as a groundbreaking web-based solution designed to revolutionize the admission processes in Advanced Level (A-Level) private schools. The research meticulously explores the existing challenges within manual admission procedures, emphasizing inefficiencies, delays, and transparency issues in Tanzania's educational landscape. An in-depth analysis of prevalent admission methodologies reveals the urgent need for a modern, streamlined approach that prioritizes efficiency, accessibility, and fairness. TCPAS emerges as a comprehensive solution, featuring modules such as Centralized Data Handling, Applicant-School Interaction, Multiple Admissions Control, Certificate Verification, and Payment. These modules collectively address key issues, offering a transformative shift from traditional, paper-intensive methods to an eco-friendly, paperless system. TCPAS promises to enhance transparency and accessibility, providing a user-friendly interface for applicants to navigate school options, receive prompt feedback, and manage multiple admissions efficiently. The Certificate Verification and Payment Module eliminate the need for physical certificates, incorporating electronic verification and payment processes. While TCPAS represents a significant advancement, the study acknowledges the necessity for ongoing research to evaluate its long-term effectiveness, adaptability in diverse educational contexts, and potential enhancements. Future exploration into predictive technologies, such as machine learning, could further refine TCPAS, ensuring it remains a robust, adaptable, and globally applicable solution, transforming admissions processes not only in Tanzania but also in educational institutions worldwide.

Author(s) Details:

Mwapashua H. Fujo,
Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), Arusha, Tanzania.

Samwel Katwale,
Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), Arusha, Tanzania.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/PLLER-V6/article/view/13701

Preliminary Investigation on Natural Infection of Spirometra Procercoid in Cyclops from Tarangire National Park Tanzania | Chapter 3 | Advanced Research in Biological Science Vol. 4

 A survey was transported on the natural contamination of Spirometra procercoids in Cyclops from water ponds in Tarangire National Park, Tanzania.  Spirometra is an stomach tapeworm of wild and tame carnivores that is to say most commonly visualized in Asian countries. The all-encompassing predominance of Spirometra in reptiles, frogs, dogs and cats has happened reported. The demeanor of procercoids in the corpse cavities of 84 Cyclops captured from ponds in Tarangire National Park was examined. The Cyclops were sedated accompanying carbonated water before being intentional under a compound microscope. Six Cyclops were found to have Spirometra procercoids in their bodily cavities. Procercoids promoted lengthen bodies, calcareous corpuscles, and a smooth material surface. The average length was 101.7m and the breadth was 71.7m. Each contaminated Cyclops only had one procercoid. This is the first report of Spirometra procercoid contamination in a Cyclops from Tanzania. Based to the judgments, Cyclops are the first intermediate hosts in the biological clock of Spirometra species in Tanzania.

Author(s) Details:

Nicholas J. Kavana,
Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, St. Francis University College of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 175, Ifakara, Tanzania.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ARBS-V4/article/view/11972

Assessment of Factors Associated with Improper Solid Waste Management Practices; A Case of Mlali Farmers’ Market Mvomero District, Morogoro- Tanzania | Chapter 3 | An Overview on Business, Management and Economics Research Vol. 2

 Solid waste administration in markets is a global question. This study was conducted to assess determinants associated with immoral solid waste administration practices at Mlali market in Mvomero commune, Morogoro region, Tanzania. The methods used to accumulate data were scrutiny, in-depth interview, and representative survey group discussion. The tools for dossier collection were questionnaires, camcorder and interview guide for primary dossier. Document review was used for the acquisition of subordinate data. A total of 83 accused were involved in the study. Respondents were preferred randomly. The verdicts revealed that inadequate abilities for waste collection and conveyance is the main factor joined to poor solid waste administration practices at Mlali market. Also lack of agreement to by-laws with the vendors and traders was another joined factor.Therefore, it is urged that the management of stock exchange should purchase new and reliable waste storage and conveyance facilities. Enforcement of by-societies and regulations to peddlers and traders at the market is wanted.

Author(s) Details:

Dennis N. Kavana,
Institute of Development Studies, Mzumbe University, Tanzania.

Editha Ndunguru,
Institute of Development Studies, Mzumbe University, Tanzania.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/AOBMER-V2/article/view/11889

Managers’ Experiences on Outsourcing of Non-Core Services Practices in Tanzania Public Sector | Chapter 4 | Current Topics on Business, Economics and Finance Vol. 8

 This affiliate aimed to explore the happenings of managers of public sectors depending on their opinions regarding the reasons behind outsourcing practices in all sector. Specifically, the chapter determines to understand whether managers examine outsourcing as a blueprint for cost-serving, enhancing the kind of service transfer and or a strategy for focusing on center competencies. Interviews were conducted accompanying thirty-two (32) public sector managers and fifteen (15) managers from private areas that were purposefully selected. The results show that the sourcing decisions in public area are aimed at completing knowledge, skill and ability gaps functional delivery. The managers’ experiences marked that outsourcing in public subdivision enables the area to focus on core abilities in order to reinforce performances. Moreover, the experiences of managers show that out-sourcing reduces functional costs and improves the quality valuable delivery. The verdicts imply that managers consider sourcing as a tool to cause success economic, efficiency, influence and equitable service transmittal to the public in Tanzania. From a administrative perspective, this study helps public decision creators to consider core abilities in allocating workforce to various functions. To obtain an anticipated result, decision creators in both public and private sector concede possibility consider outsourcing to all functions for they do not have the unavoidable competencies to sustain costs and to enhance performance and trade continuity. The main restraint of this study is generalization of the verdicts because the data were calm from managers’ opinions that may not necessarily be objective enough to statement the findings. Moreover, the sample is amount enough, therefore it is recommended that future analysts can use a large sample and or analyze sourcing of non-core trade in public sector from risk-located perspectives.

Author(s) Details:

Ernest F. Mabonesho,

Department of Planning, Finance and Administration, Tanzania Public Service College, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CTBEF-V8/article/view/11330

Analysis of Sociocultural Factors for Schools Drop Out among Girls in Tanzania | Chapter 2 | Research Aspects in Arts and Social Studies Vol. 9

 This study investigates the sociocultural determinants that contribute to high nonconformist rates among girls at subordinate secondary school in the mara domain, Tanzania. Students dropping out of school is a meaningful concern for any government or association.  A qualitative analysis was completed activity to investigate the magnitude to which the social-educational factors led to the extreme number of girls failing to complete their junior subordinate studies in the Mara region by utilizing a semi-structured interview and broadcast review. With the semi-structured interview, me interviewed fifteen parents and guardians, ten coaches (including school managers), and twenty dropout girls the one participated in the study's discussions. This raised the total number of study participants to 45. The interview subjects, two together men and women, were particularly chosen to be suitable to the present study. The study discovered that early merger, female genital mutilation, household exercises, social stances against educating girls, and reduced levels of education among persons all contribute to girls abandoning out of school.  It is submitted that stakeholders prioritize schoolgirls' education in order to avoid feminine disparities.  The government and NGOs concede possibility educate institution and ensure that education in the Mara domain should be prioritized for both youths and girls. To provide schoolgirls who have happened subjected to FGM with a refuge, the government should supply instructions the establishment of rescue centers within localities, with the assistance of local presidency and other child activists.

Author(s) Details:

Mgambi Msafiri,
nstitute of International and Comparative Education, College of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Avenue, Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province-321004, China.

Cai Lianyu,
Institute of International and Comparative Education, College of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Avenue, Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province-321004, China.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RAASS-V9/article/view/10251

Assessment of Human Seroprevalence of Sparganosis in a Population of Rural Communities of Northern Tanzania | Chapter 5 | Research Highlights in Disease and Health Research Vol. 5

 In this study, human seroprevalence of sparganosis and allure relationship accompanying sociodemographic factors in a population of country communities of Northern Tanzania was evaluated. A total of 216 human serum samples from inmates in Monduli and Babati districts were composed and tested for sparganosis using an something which incites activity-linked immunosorbent assay. The result of seroprevalence of antagonistic-sparganum IgG antibodies was 62.5% (95% confidence [CI] =56.1 – 68.9) thoroughly age groups. The result showed meaningful associations between sectors (relative risk [RR] =1.95, 95% CI = 1.42 – 2.69), education (RR=1.40, 95% CI =1.15 – 1.70), and petownership had seropositivity (RR= 1.48, 95% CI = 1.02 – 2.16) established univariate analysis. However, Monduli precinct residents were significantly guide seropositivity (odds percentage = 4.20, 95% CI =1.89 -9.32) in binary logistic reversion analysis. Therefore, providing fitness education to people populating in these two districts native in sparganosis can improve deterrent measures and reduce the human disease burden.

Author(s) Details:

Nicholas Jairo Kavana,
Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, St. Francis University College of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 175, Ifakara, Tanzania.

Parthasarathy Sonaimuthu,
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Tropical Infectious Disease Research and Education Center (TIDREC), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Christopher Kasanga,
Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania.

Ayub Kassuku,
Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania.

Hesham M. Al-Mekhlafi,
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Tropical Infectious Disease Research and Education Center (TIDREC), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia and Endemic and Tropical Diseases Unit, Medical Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Mun Yik Fong,
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Tropical Infectious Disease Research and Education Center (TIDREC), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Mohammad Behram Khan,
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Tropical Infectious Disease Research and Education Center (TIDREC), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Rohela Mahmud,
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Tropical Infectious Disease Research and Education Center (TIDREC), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Yee Ling Lau,
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Tropical Infectious Disease Research and Education Center (TIDREC), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.


Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHDHR-V5/article/view/10117

Towards the Prosperity of Small Business Enterprises: What’s in for Information and Communication Technology? | Chapter 1 | Current Aspects in Business, Economics and Finance Vol. 2

 

Small business enterprises, also known as SBEs, are frequently identified by their diminutive size, constrained resources, and sparse workforce. Some of them received access to incubation programs, which include working space, business capacity building, networking, mentoring, and business development support services to help them overcome such issues in the early stages of operating their businesses. This study examined the role that information and communication technology (ICT) can play in assisting Tanzanian SBEs that have participated in incubation programs to enhance their operational efficiency. Primary data were gathered from fifty SBEs participating in incubator programs at the Tanzania Engineering and Manufacturing Development Organization, a government facility, using a purposeful sampling technique. The Statistical Package for Social Science and the R programming language were used to examine the data. According to the findings, integrating ICT into daily tasks enhances access to business information, boosts market share and market overage, promotes marketing promotions, and decreases financial troubles by over 70%. For 64 percent of respondents, 78 percent of respondents, and 72 percent of respondents, respectively, it was found that the use of ICT is likely to improve business performance by fostering a supportive business environment, removing business-related obstacles, and cutting down on the time it takes to launch new products. Increasing company productivity is a byproduct rather than the intended outcome. Additionally, employing ICT, SBEs that have been incubated have a good chance of increasing their sales volume, revenue, and profit margin by more than 60%. However, only 52% of business assets can be sold on the open market as a result of ICT. Because of this, incubated SBEs must work to incorporate ICT-mediated technology into their business practices despite having minimal resources.

Author(s) Details:

Liliane Pasape
Department of Business Administration and Management, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CABEF-V2/article/view/7637

The Influence of Organisational Resources on Implementations of Strategic plans in Tanzania’s Executive Agencies | Chapter 02 | New Innovations in Economics, Business and Management Vol. 5

 A cross-sectional study looked into the impact of organisational resources on strategic plan implementation in Tanzania's executive agencies. The research on strategy execution demonstrates that organisations fail to achieve their objectives not because of poor strategy design, but because of poor implementation. The purpose was to look into the strategic impact of organisational resources on strategic plan execution. Seven (7) of Tanzania's 27 executive agencies provided data. This amounted to 26% of the total number of organisations. The study used stratified random sampling to achieve a sample size of 188 respondents, which represents 30% of the target populations (632 employees) in the sampled executive agencies' headquarters. The study found a significant strong positive relationship (R = 56.2 percent) between organisational resources and strategic plan execution, with an R-square of 0.315, implying that 31.5 percent of strategic plan execution is contributed by organisational resources, while 68.5 percent is contributed by other factors not considered in this study. Organizational resources are a significant determinant in the successful implementation of plans in Tanzania's executive agencies, according to the findings.

Author(S) Details

Venance Shillingi Salum
School of Public Administration and Management, Mzumbe University P.O. Box 1, Mzumbe, Tanzania.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/NIEBM-V5/article/view/5614