Determination of Visual Outcomes of Cataract Surgery among patients admitted to Eye Foundation Community Hospital in Nigeria | Chapter 6 | New Visions in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 5

Aims: To determine the visual outcome of cataract surgeries postoperatively at first day, one and three months.
 
Background: Postoperative visual outcome is one of the key factors that develops satisfied patients, build confidence and for increasing the demand for cataract surgeries in the community.
 
Study Design: This was a retrospective, case series study at Eye Foundation Community Hospital, Ilese-Ijebu-Imushin, Ogun state of Nigeria for a 3-month duration from June 1st 2019 to August 31st 2019.
 
Methodology: All patients 18 years and above operated for cataract surgery without comorbidity were included in the study. Type of surgery done were manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS) and phacoemulsification. Patient data were entered into excel spread sheet created for the study. From where it was cleaned up and exported in to statistical package for social sciences 20. Visual outcome was assessed on the first day, first month and at third month post operatively. Snellen visual acuity was converted to log MAR. P value = 0.05 is determined as statistically significant. Visual outcome was assessed on the first day, first month and at third month post operatively. Snellen visual acuity was converted to log MAR. P value = 0.05 is determined as statistically significant.
 
Results: Two hundred and fifty (250) patients or eyes were analysed in this study. Two hundred and twenty patients (88%) had MSICS, 30 (12%) had phacoemulsification. Preoperatively, majority (150, 60%) presented with visual acuity less than 3/60 followed by patients with visual acuity between 6/18 to 6/60 (76, 30.4%). Nineteen patients (7.6%) had visual acuity of 6/18 or better. Mean preoperative log MAR was 1.6 ± 0.8 (equivalent to count finger). 3-month post op, two hundred and fourteen (85.6%) had uncorrected visual acuity of 6/18 or better while 231 patients (92.4%) had best corrected (with pinhole) visual acuity of 6/18 or better. (P=0.004 and 0.038 respectively).
 
Conclusion: There is an appreciable improvement in the visual outcome following cataract surgery. It is however important to continuously audit cataract surgical outcome and train young ophthalmologist to be competent in performing excellent cataract surgeries with brilliant visualoutcomes according to WHO recommendation.

Author(s) Details:

Bogunjoko T. J.,
Eye Foundation Community Hospital, Ijebu-Imusin, Ogun State, Nigeria.

Hassan A. O.,
Eye Foundation Community Hospital, Ijebu-Imusin, Ogun State, Nigeria.

Akinye A.,
Eye Foundation Community Hospital, Ijebu-Imusin, Ogun State, Nigeria.

Maji C. S.,
Eye Foundation Community Hospital, Ijebu-Imusin, Ogun State, Nigeria.

Olowolaiyemo M.,
Eye Foundation Community Hospital, Ijebu-Imusin, Ogun State, Nigeria.

Idris O.,
Eye Foundation Community Hospital, Ijebu-Imusin, Ogun State, Nigeria.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NVMMS-V5/article/view/14155

Determining the Relationship between Anisometropia as Well as Visual Acuity, Aniseikonia and Stereopsis in the Absence of Strabismus | Chapter 9 | Current Practice in Medical Science Vol. 4

The goal of the current investigation was to ascertain the association between anisometropia type and its effects on stereopsis, aniseikonia, and monocular and binocular best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in the absence of strabismus.

162 individuals with anisometropia and healthy eyes who had never undergone eye surgery or therapy for amblyopia participated in the research. They were divided into four groups: spherical hyperopic anisometropia (SHA, n = 31), spherical myopic anisometropia (SMA, n = 45), astigmatic or cylindrical hyperopic anisometropia (CIIA, n = 22), and astigmatic or cylindrical myopic anisometropia (CMA, n = 64) based on spherical and cylindrical components and spherical The control group included of patients (NA, n = 188) who did not have anisometropia. Aniseikonia, stereoacuity, and anisometropia were investigated as effects of anisometropia on monocular and binocular BCVA.

In comparison to the SHA, SMA, CMA, and CHA groups, the NA group showed a considerably lower Logiv4AR of BCVA in the three eyes. Additionally, the Logiv4AR of BCVA was substantially lower in the SMA group compared to the CIIA group (p 0.05). The descriptive values of anjseikonia, however, did not significantly differ across the groups (p = 0.052). In comparison to the CMA and SHA groups, the SMA groups showed substantially lower stereoacuity values in logio arc seconds (p 0.05). The relationship between ahiseikoria and stereoacuity scores in logl0 arc seconds was substantially positive in the anisometropia group (r = 0.160; p = 0.041). Stereopsis was correlated with the kind of anisometropia and poor monocular and binocular BCVA.

Author(s) Details:

David Tayah,

Universidade de Silo Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil and  Universidade Federal do Amazonas. Manaus, Brazil.

Marcelo Tannous,

Universidade de Silo Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Youssef Sabba Tayah,

Universidade Niltoo Lins, Maoaus, Arnazonas, Brazil.

Milton Ruiz Alves,

Universidade de Silo Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMS-V4/article/view/7364

Prevalence of Refractive Error and Color Blindness among the Inter-state Truck Drivers | Chapter 5 | Highlights on Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 1

 The first paragraph is an introduction. Over the last two decades, road traffic accidents have surged drastically in emerging countries like India. Driving has become a visually demanding activity requiring a mixture of sensory (mainly visual), cerebral, and cognitive abilities. According to the Motor Vehicles Act of 1988 and the Central Motor Vehicles Rules of 1989, a medical certificate from a qualified medical practitioner is sufficient to qualify for a driver's license. Truck drivers are the most vulnerable in highway collisions. This could be due to a number of reasons. However, one of the most prevalent causes of errors is hazy vision. Due to the importance of healthy eyesight, this study was done to examine the ocular status of interstate truck drivers. The following are the goals and objectives for this project. A study was conducted to determine the prevalence of refractive error and color blindness among interstate truck drivers. Materials and Procedures: In Jammu, India, a study was undertaken in partnership with Indian Oil Corporation, which involved 140 interstate truck drivers. The respondents' visual acuities and color vision were assessed using Snellen's and E-chart (in the case of illiterates) and Ischiara pseudochromatic plates. A flashlight and a clear ophthalmoscope were used to examine the respondents' eyes. A presbyopic correction was accomplished on the spot. All patients with eye issues were sent to the ASCOMS Department of Ophthalmology for additional evaluation. Results: A total of 140 drivers were assessed, with 116 (82.8 percent) having visual acuity of 6/6 (normal vision) and 24 (17.14 percent) having refractive problems. Hypermetropia was detected in 12 of the 24 truck drivers with refractive problems, whereas myopia was discovered in 9, and astigmatism was detected in 3. The drivers did not appear to be colorblind. Regardless of refractive error, presbyopia was discovered in 74 (52.8%) of drivers. Conclusion: The bulk of the blind truck drivers were between the ages of 41 and 50. As a result, drivers in this age group should have their vision evaluated on a regular basis and be encouraged to wear corrective glasses to maintain normal vision acuity. Truck drivers should also have regular eye tests to identify any further deterioration in their vision.

Author (s) Details

Dr. Anjali Slathia
Department of Ophthalmology, ASCOMS & Hospital, Sidhra, Jammu (J&K), India.

Renu Hashia Dhar
Department of Ophthalmology, ASCOMS & Hospital, Sidhra, Jammu (J&K), India.

Dr. Pallavi Mahajan
Department of Ophthalmology, ASCOMS & Hospital, Sidhra, Jammu (J&K), India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/HMMS-V1/article/view/1178