Application of Fungicides for the Management of Alternaria Blight in Rapeseed (Brassica rapa var. toria) | Chapter 7 | Food Science and Agriculture: Research Highlights Vol. 5

 

Alternaria blight caused by Alternaria brassica and A. brassicicola singly or by mixed infection is one of the most widespread and destructive diseases of oilseed brassicas globally. Different chemicals, including systemic fungicides, have been used for the management of this disease. However, with the increase in environmental pollution and present-day public perception on pesticide contaminants of foods, especially the edible oils, the development of alternative economical and eco-friendly approaches for disease management is needed. Several plant products are known to have antifungal activities, which are environmentally safe and non-phytotoxic.  In order to identify the effective and economic molecules of fungicides against Alternaria blight, a field trial was conducted during Rabi 2021-22 and 2022-23 at Nagaon, Assam, in rapeseed (Brassica rapa L. var. toria). The trial was conducted with seven fungicides and replicated thrice (RBD) to assess the most effective fungicide in managing the disease. Among the different fungicides tested, the ready-mix formulation of tebuconazole 50% + trifloxystrobin 25% WG resulted in maximum reduction in disease severity both on leaves (54.1 %) and pods (55.7 %). Thus, this combo-formulation led to realization of the highest seed yield (1187 kg ha-1) with a yield advantage of 78.5 % over the check. The highest net monetary return (NR) of Rs. 39001 ha-1 with a benefit-cost ratio (B:C) of 2.02 was received in the treatment, followed by azoxystrobin 23 % SC @ 1 ml l-1 with 46.1 % and 45.8 % reduction in disease incidence, respectively on leaves and pods and yield increase of 54.8 %. Interestingly, when B:C ratio was calculated, azoxystrobin 23% SC recorded the highest B:C (2.31) with an NR of Rs. 37959 ha-1. The combination of trifloxystrobin and tebuconazole acts as a synergist, as the individual components have different modes of action. Tebuconazole, a triazole, acts as a demethylation inhibitor (DMI) that hinders the fungal cell wall synthesis and thereby acts as an obstacle for the fungal growth and reproduction.

 

 

 

Author(s) Details

R. Chakrabarty
AAU-Zonal Research Station, Assam Agricultural University, Shillongani, Nagaon-782 002, India.

 

H. Kalita
AAU-Zonal Research Station, Assam Agricultural University, Shillongani, Nagaon-782 002, India.

 

P. Buragohain
AAU-Zonal Research Station, Assam Agricultural University, Shillongani, Nagaon-782 002, India.

 

R.N. Borkakati
AAU-Zonal Research Station, Assam Agricultural University, Shillongani, Nagaon-782 002, India.

 

B. Kalita
AAU-Zonal Research Station, Assam Agricultural University, Shillongani, Nagaon-782 002, India.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/fsarh/v5/6811

Screening of Fungicides against Coffee Anthracnose| Chapter 2 | Advances in Colletotrichum Species Causing Coffee Anthracnose in China

 

The indoor virulence of 15 fungicides against Colletotrichum spp. (coffee anthracnose pathogen) was evaluated using the mycelial growth rate method. The results showed that prochloraz, carbendazim, prochloraz-manganese chloride complex, azoxystrobin, and difenoconazole exhibited strong inhibitory effects on mycelial growth, with EC50 values of 0.0358 μg/mL, 0.128 μg/mL, 0.1452 μg/mL, 0.1616 μg/mL, and 0.8367 μg/mL, respectively, all below 1 μg/mL. Moderately effective fungicides included pyrimethanil, thiophanate-methyl, tebuconazole, copper calcium sulfate, and cymoxanil, with EC50 values of 1.8686 μg/mL, 3.4059 μg/mL, 7.4905 μg/mL, 12.4788 μg/mL, and 15.0906 μg/mL, respectively. The least effective were myclobutanil, mancozeb, chlorothalonil, propineb, and iprodione, with EC50 values of 36.4532 μg/mL, 53.3999 μg/mL, 290.0661 μg/mL, 849.7937 μg/mL, and 4400.3908 μg/mL, respectively. Further screening of combined formulations using the four most effective fungicides (prochloraz, carbendazim, azoxystrobin, and difenoconazole) revealed a significant synergistic effect when prochloraz was mixed with difenoconazole. The optimal ratio was 6:4 (prochloraz: difenoconazole, based on EC50 values). Subsequent outdoor pot trials confirmed the enhanced efficacy of this combination, aligning with the indoor screening results. This study provides a theoretical foundation for optimising fungicide combinations to control coffee anthracnose in field applications.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Ying Lu
Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China.

 

Jiali Gong
Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Xuhuai Area, Jiangsu, China.

 

Chunping He
Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China.

 

Yanqiong Liang
Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China.

 

Xing Huang
Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China.

 

Kexian Yi
Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China.

 

Weihuai Wu
Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China.

 

Please see the link:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-93-47485-84-8/CH2

Features of Potato Tuber Formation Depending on the Feeding Area and the Application of Fungicides in the Conditions of the Middle Urals: A Recent Study| Chapter 1 | Novel Perspectives of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences Vol. 3

 The purpose of the research search out study the subjective signs of vegetable tubers of the Gala sort at various plant densities and the use of fungicides not definite Urals.  Potato is an main land crop in the experience, Russia and in Mali. The vegetable hopeful brought in in Mali because the 19th of one hundred years apiece French person who finds a new place. Potato nurture is principally exhausted Mali all along the cool dry season and allure yield potential is extreme (20 to 30 t/ha). The hearing of character signs for vegetable tubers is an essential component of the progress of various help electronics. The study was administered in 2018 and 2019 on the exploratory field of the Ural State Agrarian University's instructional and exploratory farm. Gala, a medium-early extreme-flexible vegetable type, is the subject of the study. Gravimetric, distillation, ebuliostatic, ionometric, and photometric plans were secondhand in biochemical and agrochemical studies. The energetic generated power of tubers was calculated utilizing a conduct music in mSm, the aggregation of container liquid squeezed from plant was calculated utilizing a bend accent of sound in %, nitrates in tubers were calculated utilizing a nitrate experimental in mg/kg, and the acridness (pH) of tubers was calculated utilizing a pH accent of sound. The study's verdicts displayed that as the augmenting field was raised from 1400 to 2800 cm2, the aggregation of vegetable tubers' container liquid squeezed from plant declined from 7.0 to 2.65%. Electrical generated power is dropped for one use of the fungicides Shirlan and Infinito. Potato tubers' particular pressure rises from 0.92 to 1.16 grandam accompanying an increase in the augmenting extent. The nitrate content cut down accompanying an increase in the augmenting region and the use of fungicides from 340 to 326 mg/kg. During the increasing ending, the content of colorless odorless gas (CO2) of the vegetable plant in the control variant was 775, and accompanying the use of shirlan it was 1043, that is an increase of 1.5 opportunities. The experimental originality display or take public the evidence that for the first be present at the environments of the Middle Urals, an judgment of tubers was transported in accordance with corporal, agrophysical and agrochemical signs accompanying new schemes all along the periods of depository of tubers (April) and plants of vegetable plants, established the augmenting district and the use of fungicides.

Author(s) Details:

F. Keita,
Rural Polytechnic Institute for Training and Applied Research IPR/IFRA Katibougou, BP 06 Koulikoro Region, Republic of Mali.

M. Y. U. Karpukhin,
Rural Polytechnic Institute for Training and Applied Research IPR/IFRA Katibougou, BP 06 Koulikoro Region, Republic of Mali.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NPGEES-V3/article/view/9371

A Comprehensive Study on Field Management of Phytophthora Leaf Blight Disease of Cocoyam Taro (Colocasia esculenta L.) with Spray Regimes of Selected Fungicides in Nsukka, Southeastern Nigeria | Chapter 9 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 3

 

The purpose of the resent study is to evaluate the effectiveness of fungicides and the spray regimes on the Cocoyam taro leaf blight control in Nsukka, Southeastern Nigeria. Cocoyam taro (Colocasia esculenta L) is a large crop of edible aroid tuber, but blight of cocoyam leaf  The greatest constraints to the development of cocoyam in Phytophthora colocasiae have been caused by  Since 2009, Nigeria. In order to assess the effect of fungicides and spray, field trials were carried out.  Leaf growth regimens, occurrence of disease; severity of disease; and cocoyam tuber yield. The lawsuits  They were carried out at the Crop Science Research Farm Department , University of Nigeria, Nsukka for  Two seasons for planting. Two-fungicide treatments (Ridomil Gold Plus, Ridomil+Champ Dp50 percent:  Mixture and monitor of 50 percent) and five spray regimes (No spray, weekly spray, 2nd weekly spray, 3rd weekly spray)  Weekly spray and 4th weekly spray regimes) were set out in a randomised full 3 x 5 factorial regimen With three replications, block architecture (RCBD). Results showed that there were substantial fungicide therapies (P < 0.05) variance in leaf / stand number, occurrence of disease, severity of disease and tuber Yields / hectare in both seasons of cultivation. There were no substantial differences (P < 0.05) On all calculated parameters in both, between Ridomil and Ridomil+Champ (50 percent:50 percent) mixture) Seasons for crops. ANOVA showed substantial variation in disease occurrence (P < 0.05) among the Ridomil treated plots had the highest fungicides at all trial times in early season planting at 90 DAP, Incidence of disease compared to other choices for fungicides, with the lowest incidence of disease rated By the parcels handled by the power. Taro leaf was substantially reduced by the fungicides and spray regimes Enhanced growth and yields, blight. In weekly spray regimens conducted, Ridomil treated cocoyam plots Best compared to other fungicides and the treatment choices for the spray regime. Besides the adoption of Via integrated disease management (IDM) in Nsukka, Southeastern Nigeria, high yielding resistant cultivar(s), weekly foliar spraying of Ridomil or Ridomil+Champ should be incorporated into taro leaf blight control.


Author (s) Details
 
T. E. Omeje
Department of Agricultural Technology, Enugu State Polytechnic, Iwollo, Enugu State, Nigeria.

Professor K. I. Ugwuoke
Department of Crop Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.

Professor S. C. Eze
Department of Crop Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.

Dr. R. A. Ezema
Department of Agricultural Technology, Enugu State Polytechnic, Iwollo, Enugu State, Nigeria.

View Book :- https://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/274