Human Impact on Wildlife and Ecosystems for Sustainable Development| Chapter 5 | Innovations in Science and Technology: Shaping a Sustainable Future (Vol. 2)

 The intricate relationship between human activities and the natural environment has resulted in profound implications for wildlife and ecosystems worldwide. Human-induced factors such as deforestation, habitat destruction, pollution, climate change, and overexploitation of species have significantly altered ecosystems, leading to biodiversity loss and ecosystem degradation. The concept of sustainable development emerges as a crucial framework, emphasizing the integration of conservation efforts into development agendas. It necessitates a delicate balance wherein socio-economic progress aligns with ecological sustainability. This chapter explores the multifaceted impacts of human actions such as deforestation, habitat destruction, pollution, climate change, overexploitation and species decline as key challenges having an adverse effect on wildlife and ecosystems and highlights possible sustainable development strategies to foster a harmonious balance between human needs and environmental conservation for the betterment of wildlife and ecosystem restoration.

 

Author(s) Details

Priyanka Chaudhry
Department of Zoology, DAV College (Lahore), Ambala City, Haryana, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-93-48006-49-3/CH5

Chromium: Path from Economic Development to Environmental Toxicity | Chapter 7 | Research Advances in Environment, Geography and Earth Science Vol. 1

This article described the role of metals and metalloids, particularly chromium (Cr), in India's scientific and industrial development. It highlights the significant economic contribution of industries such as tanneries, which predominantly utilize Cr, especially in the regions like Kanpur, West Bengal, and Vellore district of Tamil Nadu, contributing significant revenue during the period 2022-2023. These are mostly operated by small and medium scale industries, and crucial for India's economic growth. However, their operations raise environmental and health concerns due to the discharge of Cr-containing effluents into ecosystems, adversely affecting soil health, crop yield, and posing carcinogenic risks. The article underscores the paradox of industrial development in India, a country with a rapidly growing population projected to reach 1.66 billion by 2050, necessitating 400 million tonnes of food grain. While, industrial growth has improved living standards, it also introduces pollution challenges. The tannery industry, a significant employer, exemplifies this issue with its Cr-laden waste impacting both human health through food chain contamination and agricultural productivity. This work examines the dual impact of Cr on India's economy and environment. It discusses the urgent need for balanced agricultural and industrial development to support each other while minimizing ecosystem deterioration. The focus is on the urgent requirement for effective management strategies to handle the large volumes of industrial waste, particularly from the tannery industry. The article also explores modern and traditional methods to minimize, reduce, or immobilize Cr in soil, aiming to mitigate its uptake by food crops and address the associated health risks. In essence, it provides a comprehensive analysis of Cr's economic importance, environmental challenges, and potential remediation strategies in the context of India's developmental trajectory.

Author(s) Details:

M. L. Dotaniya,
ICAR-Directorate of Rapeseed-Mustard Research, Bharatpur-321303, India.

M. D. Meena,
ICAR-Directorate of Rapeseed-Mustard Research, Bharatpur-321303, India.

M. K. Meena,
ICAR-Directorate of Rapeseed-Mustard Research, Bharatpur-321303, India.

R. L. Choudhary,
ICAR-Directorate of Rapeseed-Mustard Research, Bharatpur-321303, India.

R. K. Doutaniya,
Department of Agronomy, SKN College of Agriculture, Jobner-303329, India.

K. Kumar,
ICAR Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Research Centre, Kota-324002, India.

C. K. Dotaniya,
Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, SKRAU, Bikaner-334006, India.

H. M. Meena,
ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur-342 003, India.

D. K. Yadav,
ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal-462038, India.

Anita Meena,
ICAR-Central Institute for Arid Horticulture, Bikaner-334006, India.

R. S. Jat,
ICAR-Directorate of Rapeseed-Mustard Research, Bharatpur-321303, India.

P. K. Rai,
ICAR-Directorate of Rapeseed-Mustard Research, Bharatpur-321303, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RAEGES-V1/article/view/14122

Total Economic Values of Tourist Hunting Blocks in Tanzania | Chapter 1 | Current Topics on Business, Economics and Finance Vol. 8

 This division is based on the verdicts of a study that was conducted in 12 sightseer hunting blocks (HBs) in Tanzania. The aim of the study was to judge the total economic principles (TEV) of the HBs to inform the conclusion of auctioning to potential hunt companies and sustainable exercise and conservation of the blocks. For each of the 12 HBs, the study supposed the TEV and its five individual parts namely; the direct use principles (DUV), indirect use principles (IUV), option/quasi-alternative values (OV), life values, in addition to, the bequest principles (BV). The values were estimated utilizing the Analytic Multicriteria Valuation Method (AMUVAM). The TEV and its elements were estimated utilizing a time skyline of 10 years (the mean term for a winning hunting party). The results show that the average TEV of HBs was USD 93,981,422 with the minimum and maximum TEV consisting of USD 6,215,588 to USD 653,470,695 per hunting block individually. Of the five components of TEV, the inheritance values (BV) constituted the best proportion (about 50% of TEV), attended by the life values (EV) (19%), alternative/quasi-option principles (OV) (12%), and indirect use principles (IUV) (10%). The direct use values or DUV (that is the values of pursuit and photographic travel) constituted only 1% of TEV. The EV of HBs ranged from USD 632,210 to the maximum of USD 125,147,285 and the average was USD 17,625,305. The educational heritage principles (CHV) constituted the best component of EV (about 50%), followed apiece aesthetic enjoyment principles (AEV) (27%), and biodiversity conservation principles (BDV) (23%). The study emphasises the importance of utilizing a thorough understanding of human principles to inform conclusions about how to devote environments, like HBs, to both direct and unintended purposes. We also advocate reinforcing the skills of the troop responsible for managing and assigning the use of these ecosystems so they can conduct financial assessments of environments using two together basic and cosmopolitan analytical tools, to a degree geographic news systems (GIS), comparative databases, and globally approachable websites-based tools like InVEST (Integrated Valuation of Environmental Services and Tradeoffs), ARIES (Artificial Intelligence for Ecosystem Services), and Costing Nature.

Author(s) Details:

Reuben M. J. Kadigi,

Department of Trade and Investment, College of Economics and Business Studies, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3007, CHUO KIKUU, Morogoro, Tanzania.

Imani R. Nkuwi,

Research and Training Unit, Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism, P.O. Box 1351, 40472, Dodoma, Tanzania.

Fredrick A. Ligate,

Wildlife Division, Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism, P.O. Box 1351, 40472, Dodoma, Tanzania.

Hamza Kija,

Conservation Information and Monitoring Unit, Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute, P.O. Box 661, Arusha, Tanzania.

Emmanuel B. Musamba,

Tourism and Business Services Directorate, Tanzania Wildlife Management Authority, P.O. Box 2658, Morogoro, Tanzania.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CTBEF-V8/article/view/11327

A Critical Review of Acid Rain: Causes, Effects, and Mitigation Measures | Chapter 2 | Novel Perspectives of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences Vol. 6

 The astringency of rainwater has currently been revealed as a bigger environmental hazard to ecosystems and human health about the world. Therefore, it is very main to know what causes acid rain, allure effects, and what maybe done about it. This review is based on open-approach papers accompanying "acid rain" as a keyword and the situation of air pollution around the world. Typically, air pollution appears in the form of teeny bits of dry material, snowstorm, and fog that land on Earth. Acid rain commonly has a pH betwixt 4.2 and 4.4, whereas usual rain has a pH of 5.6. The production of electricity, the custom of vehicles, land and industrial activities, etc., all influence wet and dry deposition. Acid rain has belongings on aquatic environments, mammals, plants, soil, global preparing, vegetation cover, monuments, houses, and health. The verdicts of this research showed that optimizing the use of nonrenewable fuel sources, transitioning to renewable energy beginnings, limiting the use of fertilizers and pesticides, protecting energy, restoring the atmosphere, lowering use levels, convincing others, experiencing people, and following rules are sustainable ways of ruling acid rain. In addition, cooperations between the scientific and tactics communities maybe considered as a useful tool. Finally, the issues of acid rain and air contamination should be among the general big projects that demand everyone to reach the Sustainable Development Goals.

Author(s) Details:

Gratien Twagirayezu,
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550002, China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.

Jean Claude Nizeyimana,
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China and CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.

Olivier Irumva,
School of Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China.

Charles Ntakiyimana,
School of Traffic and Transportation, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.

Fasilate Uwimpaye,
Institute of Environmental Engineering and Building installations, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Energy, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland.

Ritha Nyirandayisabye,
School of Civil Engineering, Fujian University of Technology, Fujian, 350108, P.R. China.

Habasi Patrick Manzi,
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China and CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.

Theogene Hakuzweyezu,
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China and State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NPGEES-V6/article/view/10099

Effects of Pollution on Ecosystems, Living Beings, and the Environment | Book Publisher International

 The author's book, The Effect of Pollution, Soil, Water, and Air on Life: Effects on the Use of Soil, Water, and Air on Life, Ecosystem, and Environment, aims to inform readers about environmental issues land way Impacts on water, air, and people the business, the environment, and the ecosystem may all profit from this student Researchers, academics, citizens, and interested authors hope that readers will be motivated by this book to learn more about life and living contentedly. Limit and avoid toxins Pollution that could be harmful to people Environment, soil, water, air, and all living things.  

Author(s) Details:

Theeranat Suwanaruang,
Faculty of Science and Health Technology, Kalasin University, Thailand.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/EPELBE/article/view/9518

Integrated Plant Breeding Strategies for Harmony between Modern Agriculture Production and the Environment | Chapter 1 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 3

 

The greatest problem for 2050, where the world population is estimated at 9.2 billion, is generating ample food that is healthy and nutritious. The overall food production would have to increase by 50 percent to 60 percent to feed these people. Climate models forecast that warmer temperatures and changes in drought frequency and length will have a negative effect on crop growth and productivity over the next few decades. An integrated agricultural and breeding agenda is needed for these new global challenges. It is important to intensify agro-ecosystems' sustainability by generating more food with lower inputs, adapting agriculture to climate change, maintaining biodiversity through its use, and making markets work for smallholder farmers in order to tackle the key current issues. In the successful growth of modern agriculture, plant breeding has played a crucial role. To resolve the complexity of the combined impacts of issues such as population development, food security , food safety and human security, We need to rethink the role of diversity in plant breeding in the preservation of biological diversity for health. The secret to cultivating climate-resilient, nutritious and profitable crops is the continuous availability of high-quality crop germplasm. Global efforts are under way to establish breeding populations, including wild and weedy relatives, through the exploitation of exotic germplasm. Advances in genomics, phenomics and bio-informatic tools have led to many knowledge-intensive methods being implemented to accelerate genetic gains in various food crops. The breeding method to be used is determined by trait heritability, gene action, the number of genes regulating the target trait(s), heterosis and genotype-environment interactions. The foundation of crop development techniques will remain traditional plant breeding. Genetic engineering has the ability to overcome some of the most complicated biotic limitations faced by farmers, which are not Via traditional plant breeding alone, easily handled. To remove coverage so broad that it stifles creativity, security measures and regulations, in particular patenting, must be moderated. In order to facilitate science and the free flow of materials and information, they must be made less restrictive. Through data and code sharing, an open source software system has the potential to increase breeding performance, while open source seed systems should allow continued seed saving, breeding, and seed exchange without restriction. In order to bring "harmony" between agriculture and the environment, plant breeding can be a powerful tool, but collaborations and collaboration are needed to make this a reality.

Author (s) Details

João Carlos da Silva Dias,
University of Lisbon, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal.

View Book :- https://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/274