The trend toward miniaturization can be seen in many parts of the world. Many daily products (such as wristwatches and cellphones) can now be downsized thanks to the availability of newly developed technology. The same pattern can be seen in a variety of analytical chemistry fields. It has something to do with the current trend in analytics to conduct research where analytes are present. Miniaturization of traditional analytical instruments may have a number of appealing features, for example. g. Reduced space requirements, increased versatility, and quicker results, all without sacrificing efficiency, and possibly even improving it. The chapter offers a summary of the development and current status of gas chromatography miniaturization, which is one of the most commonly used analytical techniques (GC). The general characteristics of miniaturized gas chromatographs are discussed first, followed by a brief history of miniaturized GC systems. Following that, the microelectromechanical technology (MEMS) is used to fabricate miniaturized gas chromatographs and the construction of key components of micro gas chromatographs (GC) systems, such as injectors/preconcentrators, columns, and detectors. The hybrid miniaturized systems are discussed in the last section, with a focus on coupling gas chromatographs with mass and ion mobility spectrometers (MS and IMS). Finally, examples of selected gas chromatograph applications with MS (GC-MS) and IMS (GC-IMS) are given.
Author (s) DetailsWaldemar Wardencki
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Gabriel Narutowicz 11/12 Str., Poland.
Z. Witkiewicz
Institute of Chemistry, Military University of Technology, 00-908 Warsaw 46, gen. Sylwester Kaliski 2 Str., Poland.
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