Due to a projected need to reduce fossil fuel usage while also lowering greenhouse gas emissions, magnesium metal production is predicted to increase significantly over the next decade and beyond. Bittern is considered a hazardous liquid waste to the atmosphere, posing substantial environmental risks; nonetheless, it has numerous uses in industrial and agriculture, as well as in the production of magnesium and other compounds. To extract pure magnesium oxide from bittern, precipitation procedures utilizing sodium or ammonium hydroxide or oxalic acid solutions were proposed, as well as technological procedures incorporating both. Magnesium metal manufacture is technically difficult and has extremely high production costs. High-temperature reduction, electrolysis of molten magnesium chloride, and other technologies involving the use of a laser and solar radiation are among the most recent methods for creating magnesium metal from oxides. The bittern solution is an example of a valuable resource for magnesium and other low-cost salts that could be created as by-products of Magnesia processing.
Author (s) Details
Dr. M. S. Shalaby
Pilot Plant Department, EL Bohouth St. (former EL Tahrir st.) Dokki, Giza,
Egypt
Prof. Dr. Shakinaz A. El-Sherbini
Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Egypt.
Rania Ramadan
Pilot Plant Department, EL Bohouth St. (former EL Tahrir st.) Dokki, Giza,
Egypt.
Prof. Dr. Shadia A. El-Rafie
Pilot Plant Department, EL Bohouth St. (former EL Tahrir st.) Dokki, Giza,
Egypt.
Prof. Dr. Hanem A.
Sibak
Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Egypt
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