Introduction: The measurement of mean glandular dose is critical for reducing and controlling the risk of radiation-induced carcinogenesis during mammography. The term "mean glandular dose" refers to the amount of danger to glandular tissue generated by the use of radiation in mammography (MGD). The goal of the study was to calculate patient mean glandular doses in two conventional mammography views: cranio-caudal and mediolateral oblique. The study also sought to determine the numerous elements that influence MGD and Glandularity amount.
The goal of this study was to determine the MGD from CC and MLO views in each breast, as well as the total dosage per woman (for both breasts and two views) based on exposure parameters and CBT (compressed breast thickness) in patients undergoing mammography procedures in the North East Indian region.
Materials and Methods: The following clinical data were obtained in a predefined format during diagnostic examination from 72 women who were referred to the Radiology department:
Patient demographic information such as age, weight, and height is collected.
Clinical spectrum in use (combination of target and filter.)
For each breast, a digital readout of CBT (compressed breast thickness) and projection type (CC, MLO) is provided.
mAs and kVp are the exposure factors.
The MGD per woman was obtained by adding all of the MGDs and averaging them over both breasts. The MGD values are calculated using entrance surface air kerma (ESAK) and HVL measurements. The measurements were carried out with an IBA Magic maxx mammography detector and appropriate conversion coefficients according to IAEA protocol. The descriptive and Pearson's correlations were determined using the Origin 2018b software for data analysis.
The participants in this study ranged in age from 18 to 78 years old. The average age was 42.2814.8%. The average CBT value for CC views is (4.041.13) c.m, which is lower than the average CBT value for MLO views of (4.751.19) c.m. MGD from CC (1.100.02mGy) and MLO (1.260.13 mGy) viewpoints showed a significant difference. (p=0.0386). MGD per patient had significant associations with CBT (R2=0.152, p=0.0007), mAs (R2=0.696, p=0.00001), and glandularity (R2=0.140, p=0.0011). It was also discovered that glandularity and CBT had a significant relationship (R2=0.173, p=0.00028).
Discussion: The large increase in doses in MLO in comparison to CC projection can be explained by the fact that MLO projection involves the pectoral muscle, which causes an increase in the thickness of compressed tissue, necessitating a higher dose for a higher-quality image. It is well known that the compressed breast thickness value exhibits a propensity to develop in younger patients and a tendency to diminish in elderly patients; this was demonstrated in our investigation, and comparable symmetry was observed in other studies (Suad Kunosic et al, 2012).
Conclusions: The total MGD value per woman is (2.360.22) mGy, which falls between the Institute of Physical Sciences in Medicine's (2.0 mGy) and the American College of Radiology's (3.0 mGy) limiting values. These assure that the mammography process used in our facility can achieve an acceptable dosage level for patient safety.Author(S) Details
Jibon Sharma
Department of Radiation Oncology, State Cancer Institute, Gauhati Medical College, Guwahati, Assam-781032, India.
Gautam Goswami
Department of Radiation Oncology, State Cancer Institute, Gauhati Medical College, Guwahati, Assam-781032, India.
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