A Case Report of Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome | Chapter 23 | Issues and Developments in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 3

 A 60-year-old male patient, weighing 40 kg and with a BMI of 13, was admitted to the Orthopaedic Ward last month after falling and developing an intertrochanteric fracture in the femur. He was also a known case of Diabetes Mellitus Type II. While the patient's fracture therapy was underway, his diabetes was found to be poorly controlled, with his blood glucose levels continually monitored, ranging from severe hypoglycemia to slightly elevated levels of blood glucose.

The patient's examination revealed that he was very emaciated. On the palmar sides of his hands, he had wrinkles, and his buccal mucosa showed hyperpigmentation.

Furthermore, practically every lab test he ordered found anomalies, according to his lab results. Not only did he have high ACTH levels, but he also had a Cortisol stimulation failure. His DEXA scan revealed that he was predisposed to severe osteoporosis, and his emaciated state aided in the progression of that condition.

Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome, Type II, was discovered to be the patient's condition. Women were impacted more than males. This is a one-of-a-kind disorder in which autoimmune adrenal insufficiency is present along with either autoimmune thyroid illness or autoimmune diabetes mellitus. Because this condition is rare, it is frequently overlooked at diagnosis, leading to misdiagnosis because almost all of the presenting features or symptoms of the prevalent endocrinological disorders present in this condition mimic either hypothyroidism, diabetes, or adrenal insufficiency alone, leading to further consequences when the condition does not resolve despite persistent treatment, as in this patient's case.

This research examines the patient's background and the factors that may have contributed to his advanced stage of sickness. The report also considers the condition as a whole, Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome Type II, and expands on the symptoms and signs that the patient frequently confuses with other endocrinological diseases. Finally, this article will go over the best management approach for the patient in order to alleviate his symptoms and speed up his recovery.

Author(S) Details

Rania Alsayed Murad
Department of Endocrinology, Madinat Zayed Hospital, UAE.

Ashraf Alakkad
Department of Internal Medicine, Madinat Zayed Hospital, UAE.

Anwar Adwan
Department of Internal Medicine, Madinat Zayed Hospital, UAE.

Mikdam Al Ramahi
Department of Orthopedic, Madinat Zayed Hospital, UAE.

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