Despite their devotion to high-impact exercise training regimens and meals high in minerals, potassium, calcium, and vitamin D, astronauts are at danger of losing 1.0-1.5 percent of their bone mass for every month they stay in space, all of which are designed to preserve the skeletal system. The anatomy and function of osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts, and their mesenchymal and hematopoietic stem cell origins are discussed in this chapter, as well as how exposure to microgravity or simulated microgravity affects them. It goes through the importance of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and its receptor insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (GF1-R) in maintaining bone homeostasis, as well as how microgravity impacts the activity of these growth factors in bone cells. Finally, it discusses the potential of TRAIL, syncytin-A, sclerostin inhibitors, and recombinant IGF-1 (rIGF-1) as bone-saving therapy for astronauts in space and during moon colonisation. IGF-1 and its receptor, IGF1R, are important at all stages of bone development, encouraging both radial and linear bone growth.
Author(S) Details
John Kelly Smith
Departments of Academic Affairs and Biomedical Sciences, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, P.O. Box 70300, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA.
View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/RDMMR-V16/article/view/5230
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