Dams are among the oldest hydro-engineering structures on the planet. They're built to prevent flooding and protect land, property, people, and cattle. Dam designers must understand uplift pressure and hydraulic gradient since they have an impact on the dam's stability. Dam stability relates to the dam's ability to withstand sliding, overturning, and maximum stresses (tension or compression) applied to its foundation. The hydraulic gradient and uplift pressure in three types of dams, namely homogeneous earth dams, heterogeneous earth dams, and concrete gravity dams, are the subjects of this research. The numerical simulation method was used to calculate seepage, hydraulic gradient, and uplift pressure (FEM). The FEM receives the dam shape, material, computational mesh, and boundary conditions (BCs). The hydraulic gradients for two types of dams, the concrete gravity and the homogenous earth dam, were similar and less than 0.5, according to the findings. However, the hydraulic gradient at the beginning and end of the clay core heterogeneous earth dam was greater than 2.5. To prevent the dam foundation from piping/undermining, filter material will need to be installed in certain zones. The two earth dams have higher uplift pressures than the concrete gravity dam. Uplift pressure for earth dams is thought to be safe since the enormous width of earth dams prevents them from overturning.
Author(S) Details
Farzin Salmasi
Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
John Abraham
University of St. Thomas, Minnesota, School of Engineering 2115 Summit Avenue St. Paul, Minnesota 55105, USA.
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