Gender Differences in COVID-19 Patients with Arterial Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus | Chapter 17 | Issues and Developments in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 3

 Background: The coronavirus that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) has infected over 160 million people worldwide. Susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection is increased by hypertension (HT), chronic heart disease (CHD), and diabetes mellitus (DM). Aims. The goal of this retrospective investigation was to see if there were any gender differences in SARS-CoV-2 patients who were hypertensive diabetics. We presented data on inflammatory status, hospital stays, ICU admission, Rx and CT report, and therapy, with gender differences indicated.

Methods: From March 26 to June 30, 2020, we enrolled 1014 patients with confirmed COVID-19 who were admitted to several Campania hospitals. The diabetic-hypertensive group (DM-HT group), which comprises 556 patients with diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension, and the non-diabeticnon-hypertensive group (non-DM, non-HT group), which contains 458 individuals, were divided into two groups. Up until June 30, 2020, clinical outcomes (such as discharges, death, length of stay, therapy, and admission to critical care) were tracked.

Results: We found that females in the DM-HT group had a greater proportion of ischemic cardiopathy (CHD) (47.5 percent vs. 14.8 percent, respectively; p 0.0001) and lung illnesses (34.8 percent vs. 18.5 percent, respectively; p 0.0001). We found that male subjects had a higher proportion of kidney diseases (CKD) (11 percent vs. 0.01 percent, respectively; p 0.0001), a longer hospital stay (22 days vs. 17 days, respectively, p 0.0001), a higher ICU admission (66.9% vs. 12.8 percent, respectively, p 0.0001), and a higher death rate (17.3 percent vs. 10.7%, respectively, p 0.0001).

Conclusion: These findings show that male participants have a longer hospital stay, more ICU admissions, and a greater death rate than female ones. To resolve all of the problems that have been raised, large studies with full analyses of all risk factors and longer follow-up are required.

Author(S) Details

Tiziana Ciarambino
Internal Medicine Department, Hospital of Marcianise, 81037 Caserta, Italy.

Filippina Ciaburri
Hypertension Unit, Cardarelli Hospital, 80110 Naples, Italy.

Venere Delli Paoli
Internal Medicine Department, Cardarelli Hospital, 80110 Naples, Italy.

Giuseppe Caruso
Hypertension Unit, Cardarelli Hospital, 80110 Naples, Italy.

Maria D’Avino
Hypertension Unit, Cardarelli Hospital, 80110 Naples, Italy.

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