Since 2005, the major goal of ASHAs has been to visit the homes of newborns, with the Comprehensive Child Survival Program in Uttar Pradesh (UP) being the first programme run through ASHAs in 2008. Since then, ASHAs have been tracking all deliveries and newborn babies as part of their work in all of the NHM's primary health-care programmes in UP [1,2]. ASHAs' role and work are triangulated here with the reactions of mothers of newborns and babies. Since 2011, evaluation studies on the performance of ASHAs have been conducted, as ASHAs had worked in the field for a minimum of 5 years. The National Rural Health Mission was established in April 2005, but states took one to two years to hire ASHAs and put in place procedures from the state to the village level [2]. Recently Delivered Women provide detailed input on their infants' Exclusive Breast Feeding (EBF) practises as part of the newborn and infant care programme. In addition, as part of the district-level newborn care programme, a complete feedback on pre-lacteal feeding of their newborns is collected from newly delivered women.
Currently, 1.50,000 ASHAs have been taught in UP on all eight training modules recommended by NHSRC, GOI, for a total of 23 days of training each ASHA [3].
Through the replies of mothers of newborns and infants on newborn care, the current study explores some of the critical variables on home-based newborn care activities, such as the optimal practise of EBF of newborns and infants. The ideal practise of EBF in newborns and babies is a crucial facilitator of breastfeeding practises in child health programmes. The current paper examines the role of ASHAs in home-based newborn care and child care programmes by looking at mothers' EBF responses and the fluids they provided their infants the day before the survey. The moms were chosen as respondents because they were chosen from a list of mothers who were present with their ASHAs at the time of the survey.
The current study also looks at some of the most important characteristics in home-based newborn care activities, such as the poor practise of pre-lacteal feeding of newborns and mothers' reactions to newborn care. A major impediment to breastfeeding is the practise of pre-lacteal feeding of newborns in child health programmes. The current paper examines the role of ASHAs in the Home Based Newborn Care programme by examining women' responses to pre-lacteals and milk discarding before nursing their children. The moms were chosen as respondents because they were chosen from a list of mothers who were present with their ASHAs at the time of the survey.
Many surveys do not contain data on the type of pre-lacteal feeding of newborns as a barrier component of child health and neonatal programmes, therefore the study's relevance assumes significance. Furthermore, many studies/surveys do not collect response specifics from women on these possibilities on pre-lacteals where their types are discussed. Many surveys do not collect replies that collect actual activities on pre-lacteal feeding and milk disposal before breastfeeding. Such data collection indirectly assesses ASHAs' work and approach, including ASHAs' and mothers' awareness of programmes connected to Early Initiation of Breastfeeding (EIBF), which is not the subject of extremely large-scale health surveys. Similarly, many sociological studies or surveys do not cover such responses to these two barriers on EIBF-related newborn care activities through the work of ASHAs in currently implemented programmes. When the response is asked directly from the horse's mouth, as in the current article, the poll gains more valence.
The study's importance grows as data on EBF in actual months and the type of fluid other than breast milk supplied to newborns and babies in the first 6 months of life, which operate as a barrier component of child health and newborn programmes, are not included in many surveys. Furthermore, many studies/surveys do not collect answer specifics from mothers on the types/contents of fluids addressed in this article. Such data collection indirectly evaluates ASHAs' work and approach, including ASHA and mother awareness of programmes connected to Exclusive Breastfeeding (EBF), which are not the subject of large-scale health surveys.
Similarly, many socioeconomic studies do not include answers to impediments to EBF-related newborn and infant care through the work of ASHAs in currently implemented programmes. When the response is asked directly from the horse's mouth, such as in the current article, the surveys receive greater valency.
A total of four districts in Uttar Pradesh were chosen for the study, and data from mothers in those districts was collected. A pre-tested systematic and in-depth interview schedule was used with close-ended questions. These in-depth interview questions elicited descriptive information from mothers. The moms provided the quantitative data, and a total of 500 people took part in the study.
The findings revealed that the majority of RDWs in Banda, Barabanki, and Saharanpur districts, as well as roughly 94 percent in Gonda, had given their baby milk other than breast milk as a pre-lacteal feed. The discarding of milk before breastfeeding the kid was the next barrier as an action. About 10% of RDWs in Banda, over 5% in Barabanki, and less than 5% in the other two districts said they dumped the initial milk from their breast before putting the newborn to the breast for the first time.
The majority of RDWs in all four areas exclusively breastfed their child for the first six months, which is the recommended practise. This response's descriptive statistics table clearly reveals that the mean is 6 months. Furthermore, nearly half of all RDWs in Banda, one-third of all RDWs in Barabanki, nearly half of all RDWs in Gonda, and more than one-fourth of RDWs in Saharanpur said they had given their child something other than breast milk the day before the survey, contradicting their first EBF response in months and defeating the purpose of EBF.
The last component of RDW responses focused on the type of fluid provided to the kid the day before or the night before the survey, excluding breastfeeding. The most common choice among RDWs in the four districts surveyed was any animal milk.Author(S) Details
Tridibesh Tripathy
Homoeopathic & Public Health Expert, Subject Expert, Master of Public Health (Community Medicine) Program, Lucknow University, Lucknow, India.
Shankar Das
School of Health Systems Studies, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai, IIHMR, Delhi, India.
D. R. Sahu
Department of Sociology, Lucknow University, India. and Department of Sociology, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, Odisha, Secretary, Indian Sociological Society, New Delhi, India.
Anjali Tripathy
Water Aid, UP Office, Lucknow, India.
Rakesh Dwivedi
Centre for Advanced Studies in Social Work, Department of Social Work, Lucknow University, Lucknow, India.
Mohini Gautam
Centre for Advanced Studies in Social Work, Department of Social Work, Lucknow University, Lucknow, India.
Sovesh Chandra Tripathy
Proponent of Homoeopathy and Public Health, Employee, IB River Valley Coal Fields, Coal India Limited, Jharsuguda, Odisha, India.
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