Ketosis metabolic research on nursing dairy cows has been done all over the world, however there have been few studies in Korea. The research of ketosis metabolic illnesses requires biofluids from nursing dairy cows. The goal of this study was to evaluate the metabolic profiles of healthy (CON) and subclinical ketosis (SCK) nursing Holstein cows using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Two groups of six Holstein cows were formed (CON and SCK groups). A stomach tube and a pipeline milking system were used to collect rumen fluid and milk samples, respectively. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used to identify and quantify metabolites, which were then identified and quantified using the Chenomx NMR Suite 8.4 software and Metaboanalyst 5.0. Butyrate, found in the SCK group's rumen fluid, The levels of sucrose, 3-hydroxybutyrate, maltose, and valerate were considerably greater in the SUGAR group than in the CON group, which had significantly higher levels of N,N-dimethylformamide, acetate, glucose, and propionate. Maleate, 3-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate, galactonate, and 3-hydroxykynurenine were found to be greater in milk from the SCK group than in milk from the CON group, which had higher levels of galactitol, 1,3-dihydroxyacetone, -glutamylphenylalanine, 5-aminolevulinate, acetate, and methylamine. Ketosis disorders and the quality of rumen fluid and milk are linked to certain metabolites. This study will be used as a reference tool for ketosis metabolomics research in Korea in the future.
Author(S) Details
Jun-Sik Eom
Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea.
Hyun-Sang Kim
Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea.
Shin-Ja Lee
Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea and University-Centered Labs, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea.
Youyoung Choi
Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea.
Seong-Uk Jo
Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea.
Jaemin Kim
Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea and Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
Sang-Suk Lee
Ruminant Nutrition and Anaerobe Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea.
Eun-Tae Kim
Dairy Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 31000, Korea.
Sung-Sill Lee
Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea and Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea and University-Centered Labs, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea.
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