Importance of Assessment of Placental Grading at Different Periods of Gestation in PIH Patients for Better Obstetric Outcome | Chapter 7 | Highlights on Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 14

 The current study uses the Grannum placenta grading system as its foundation. The development of a grade 3 placenta before 37 weeks may signal placental dysfunction, which has been connected to low birth weight babies, IUGR meconium stained fluid, and a low APGAR score. As a result, this research focused on placental grading at different stages of pregnancy in order to predict and avoid worse obstetric and foetal impairment, as well as compare the outcomes.

Obstetric scans were performed on all PIH patients attending antenatal OPD and inpatients at ESIC and PGIMSR medical college in Bangalore to determine placental grading and biophysical profiles.

Until birth, these women were observed for obstetric and foetal outcomes.

The first group comprised 17 patients (50%) with a grade 3 placenta, whereas the second group had 39 patients (59%) with a grade 3 placenta. For statistical analysis, grades 1 and 2 were combined and compared to grade 3, generating a P-value of 0.198, which was not statistically significant. There was no statistically significant difference in age or gravidity between the two groups. Medical issues were more prevalent in group 2, which lasted 37 to 40 weeks. In group 2, PIH issues were also more common. There were more LSCS in the 34-36 week group (n=19 versus 14), but the difference was not statistically significant. The rate of IUGR and IUD was greater in Group 2, however this was not statistically significant. The mean birth weight in Group 1 was 2 kg, while the mean birth weight in Group 2 was 2.7 kg. Group 2 had the most medical issues in common.

Conclusions: Placental maturation is accelerated in hypertensive women, resulting in maternal and foetal difficulties. As a result, women with fast placental maturation on ultrasound should be extensively investigated and appropriately treated. We believe, however, that bigger randomised trials are needed.

Author (S) Details

S. Sneha
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akaash Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

S. Sreelatha
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ESIC and PGIMSR, Rajajinagar, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

Renuka Ramaiah
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ESIC and PGIMSR, Rajajinagar, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

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