Study of Influence of Seashell (Crassostrea virginica) Precursor and Neem (Azadirachta indica) Extract on the Microstructure and Anti Microbial Activity of Nano Scale Hydroxyapatite towards Dental Applications | Chapter 3 | Recent Trends in Chemical and Material Sciences Vol. 2

 Hydroxyapatite (HA) is an essential osteo dental mineral that occurs naturally in humans. The nanoscale synthesis of the biomineral hydroxyapatite as a versatile ceramic with adhesive properties, as a tissue transplant, and as a dental implant is a work in progress. The research studies have primarily concentrated on using nanocomposites to improve the characteristics of hydroxyapatite for multifunctional applications. There is a need to utilise biowastes (animal or sea wastes) as potential precursors for the production of HA since they contain plentiful minerals. The goal of this project is to convert seawaste/seashell (Crassostrea virginica seashell) into hydroxyapatite, which will then be modified with neem (Azadirachta indica) extract for increased antimicrobial action. The study produced a road plan in two areas: finding the country's abundant natural resources (sea) and efficiently exploiting those resources as precursors for the manufacturing of biomedicated materials. The comparison of the assynthesized material (from the green source) with the sample synthesised from a purely synthetic resource is the study's highlight. Many clues to the synthesis-structure-activity link of HA were found in the examination of microstructure, morphology, and antimicrobial activity. After modification, the effective change in surface morphology and the Ca/P ratio of HAp is a crucial step towards tooth and bone replacement. The benefit of adding more antioxidant natural extracts to HA is dependent on the in situ or post-preparation condition of the HA. The antibacterial capabilities of the produced HAps were tested (Streptococcus mutans bacteria and Candida albicans fungi) and found to be adequate. Finally, the research investigation contributes to the effective design of multifunctionality in the HA biomineral. Dentistry and orthopaedics will profit from it.

Author (S) Details

S. Sudhaparimala
Department of Chemistry, Ethiraj College for Women, University of Madras, Chennai, 600008, India.

R. Usha
Department of Chemistry, Ethiraj College for Women, University of Madras, Chennai, 600008, India.

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