Myeloid Sarcoma Experience from Tertiary Care Centre of Western India | Chapter 18 | New Horizons in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 4

 

Haematological cancers can occasionally develop as an extramedullary malignant myeloid precursor cell mass. MS is a kind of leukaemia that can be acute or chronic in nature. We will present the clinicopathological characteristics and treatment response of individuals with myeloid sarcoma at our institute (MS).

We described the clinicopathological parameters and therapy response of 31 MS patients at the Gujarat Cancer Research Institute in Ahemdabad, Gujarat, India, from January 2010 to December 2015, as well as the relevant literature. Systemic chemotherapy with AML-like regimens was given to MS patients solely, or local treatment (radiation, surgery) with or without systemic chemotherapy with AML-like regimens.

The participants in this study ranged in age from 6 to 68 years old. (mean: 35.8 years; median: 32 years) With a ratio of 0.9:1, there were 15 males and 16 females. The lymphnodes (N=7, 22.6 percent) were the most prevalent site of MS, followed by the bones (N=5, 16.13 percent), the orbit (N=5, 16.13 percent), and the reproductive organs (N=3, 9.70 percent). Five patients (16.13 percent) had AML, five (16.13 percent) had CML, and twenty-one patients (67.74 percent) had de novo isolated MS. Twelve patients (38.71%) had surgery and/or radiotherapy, chemotherapy (SRC), while nineteen patients (61.29%) had chemotherapy (C). Sixteen patients (51.61%) had complete remission (CR), ten (32.26%) had partial remission (PR), and five (16.13%) had progression. The number of patients in the C group who achieved a CR after therapy was lower (N=8, 42.11 percent) than in the SRC group (N=8, 66.67 percent) (P =0.035). During the follow-up period, two patients in the SRC group and four in the C group died (P =0.72). The SRC and C therapy groups had survival rates of 83.3 percent and 78.9%, respectively (P=0.0328), with both groups lasting 36 months.

Conclusion: Histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and imaging must all be utilised together to diagnose MS. Induction chemotherapy or a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (imatinib) should be started as soon as possible. Surgery and/or radiotherapy are used to treat symptomatic lesions or tumours that cause organ blockage. Prospective controlled studies are required to describe the features of MS and the role of targeted treatment.

Author(S) Details

Shah Kajal
Department of Medical Oncology and Paediatric Oncology, Gujarat Cancer Research Institute, India.

Doctor Chinmay
Department of Medical Oncology and Paediatric Oncology, Gujarat Cancer Research Institute, India.

Panchal Harsha
Department of Medical Oncology and Paediatric Oncology, Gujarat Cancer Research Institute, India.

Patel Apurva
Department of Medical Oncology and Paediatric Oncology, Gujarat Cancer Research Institute, India

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