Breast Cancer: Immunohistochemical and Molecular Study of the HER-2 Oncoprotein in Congolese Women | Chapter 12 | New Horizons in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 5

 Breast cancer is a complex illness with a variety of morphological and molecular traits that influence treatment response.

The goal of this study was to look at the overexpression of HER2 in breast cancer in women in the Republic of Congo using immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted during an 8-month period. At the University Hospital of Brazzaville, 25 paraffin biopsies were obtained from breast cancer patients. The disease was studied from an epidemiological, clinical, histological, immunohistochemical, and molecular perspective.

The patients were 49.64 13.20 years old on average (31-80 years). The tumour was correctly localised in 60% of the patients. 76 percent of the patients had invasive nonspecific type carcinoma. The most common stage was T4b N1a M0, which accounted for 56 percent of the study participants. SBR histopronostic grade 1 was seen in 60% of patients. Positive oestrogen and progesterone receptors were found in 45 and 60 percent of people, respectively. In 12 percent (3/25) of the 25 patients evaluated for IHC, the HER2 oncoprotein was positive. The luminal group was in the majority with 32 percent. In 60 percent (15/25) of patients, RT-PCR analysis of the HER2 gene revealed overexpression, three of which were already positive for IHC. The "AmoyDx® HER2 Mutation Detection Kit" found 12 mutations, ten of which included exon 20, accounting for 83.33 percent of cases, and two of which involved exon 19, accounting for 16.67 percent of cases. The association of HER2 gene overexpression revealed a statistically significant difference between the two methods, p0.00003.

Conclusion: HER2 is a prospective therapeutic target in breast cancer since it is a prognostic and predictive sign. IHC highlighting, on the other hand, is time-consuming and prone to false negatives. As a result, molecular analysis may play a crucial role in decision-making when it comes to introducing targeted breast cancer medicines in Congo.

Author(S) Details

Anicet Luc Magloire Boumba
Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Marien Ngouabi, BP : 69, Brazzaville, Congo and Zone de recherche de Pointe-Noire, Institut National de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSSA), Congo and Laboratoire d’Analyses Médicales et Morphologiques, Hôspital Général de Loandjili de Pointe-Noire (HGL), Congo.

Fabien Gaël Mouamaba
Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Marien Ngouabi, BP : 69, Brazzaville, Congo and Service Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques, Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Brazzaville (CHUB), Congo.

Sidney Frousse Christian Ngatali
Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Marien Ngouabi, BP : 69, Brazzaville, Congo and Laboratoire d’Analyses Médicales et Morphologiques, Hôspital Général de Loandjili de Pointe-Noire (HGL), Congo.

Dimitry Moudiongui Mboungou Malanda
Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Marien Ngouabi, BP : 69, Brazzaville, Congo and Service Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques, Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Brazzaville (CHUB), Congo.

Donatien Moukassa
Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Marien Ngouabi, BP : 69, Brazzaville, Congo.

Jean Félix Peko
Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Marien Ngouabi, BP : 69, Brazzaville, Congo and Service Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques, Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Brazzaville (CHUB), Congo.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/NHMMR-V5/article/view/6490