The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in pregnant women and the necessity for universal screening. Three hundred and eighty pregnant women aged 20 to 32 were enlisted, with gestational ages ranging from 8 to 36 weeks. The levels of free T3, free T4, and TSH in the blood were measured using chemiluminescence. The pregnant women were separated into four groups based on the study's findings: euthyroid, subclinical hypothyroid (SH), overt hypothyroid (OH), and overt hyperthyroid (OH) (OH). The mean SD age (in years) and BMI of all pregnant women in this study were 23.93.9 and 22.91.6, respectively. In both OH and overt hyperthyroidism, maternal age was statistically significant (p0.05). Women with a high BMI were also more likely than women with a normal BMI to develop OH (p0.05). Thyroid dysfunction was discovered to affect 18.7% of the population. Hypothyroidism affected 17.4% of the population, with the SH accounting for 13.4% and overt hypothyroidism accounting for 3.9 percent, but overt hyperthyroidism accounting for 1.3 percent. TSH levels rise with gestational age, with a statistically significant difference (p0.05) between 2.721.85 IU/mL in the first trimester and 3.42.05 IU/mL in the third trimester. Finally, with a relative risk (RR) of 7.64, a 95 percent confidence interval (CI) of 4.62-12.65, and a p-value of 0.0001, it was observed that the prevalence of raised TSH in high-risk pregnant women was higher than in low-risk pregnant women (35.6 percent versus 5.1 percent). However, 14 of the 51 persons with SH (27.5%) were classified as low-risk. This study discovered that 18.7% of pregnant women have thyroid dysfunction, emphasising the importance of screening all pregnant women for thyroid dysfunction, not only high-risk pregnant women, in order to avert both maternal and foetal morbidity.
Author(S) Details
Prabhavathi V
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, NRI Institute of Medical Sciences, Sangivalasa, Andhra Pradesh, India
Prasad DKV
Department of Biochemistry, NRI Institute of Medical Sciences, Sangivalasa, Andhra Pradesh, India.
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