Impact of Hyperthyroidism on Heart Disease: A Systematic Review | Chapter 2 | Disease and Health Research: New Insights Vol. 6

Introduction: The cardiovascular consequences of hyperthyroidism are particularly worrying, as it is capable of causing and aggravating a variety of heart diseases, from arrhythmias to heart failure, which are important clinical concerns because they can cause high morbidity and mortality.

 

Objective: To provide a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the effects of hyperthyroidism on the cardiovascular system.

 

Methods: This study constitutes a systematic review, classified as exploratory and descriptive. The preparation of the research was a bibliographical search in electronic databases on methods associated with RSL (Systematic Literature Review) and the applications of SMARTER (Simple Multi-Attribute Rating Technique using Exploiting Rankings).

 

Results: A comprehensive systematic search of the literature yielded 4490 articles referring to the impact of hyperthyroidism on heart disease, of which 26 articles were eligible to be included in this systematic review.

 

Conclusion: Hyperthyroidism has a significant impact on the cardiovascular system, contributing to the development and exacerbation of several heart diseases.

 

Author (s) Details

Cristianne Confessor Castilho Lopes
University of the Joinville Region - Joinville, Santa Catarina, Brazil.

 

Vitor Ohana Marques Azzini
State University of Rio de Janeiro - Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Natascha Szumsztajn Beker
Souza Marques College - Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Eduardo Barbosa Lopes
Alto Vale do Rio do Peixe University - Caçador, Santa Catarina, Brazil.

 

Fábio Herget Pitanga
Alto Vale do Rio do Peixe University - Caçador, Santa Catarina, Brazil.

 

Mozartt Arthor Bondan
Alto Vale do Rio do Peixe University - Caçador, Santa Catarina, Brazil.

 

Rondnelly Matheus Saraiva Rodrigues de Sousa Nelo
Alto Vale do Rio do Peixe University - Caçador, Santa Catarina, Brazil.

 

Rondnelly Matheus Saraiva Rodrigues de Sousa Nelo
Alto Vale do Rio do Peixe University - Caçador, Santa Catarina, Brazil.

 

Juelkson Vieira Sales
Alto Vale do Rio do Peixe University - Caçador, Santa Catarina, Brazil.

Joacir Ferreira Junior
Alto Vale do Rio do Peixe University - Caçador, Santa Catarina, Brazil.

 

Lucas Sena dos Santos Borges
Alto Vale do Rio do Peixe University - Caçador, Santa Catarina, Brazil.

 

Tulio Dylan Eickoff
Alto Vale do Rio do Peixe University - Caçador, Santa Catarina, Brazil.

 

 Larissa Silva Guimarãe
Belo Horizonte University Center - Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.’’

 

Daniel Furlan
Federal University of Santa Catarina - Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.

 

Patrícia Cota Lima
Federal University of Rio Grande - Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Lívia Strital Defáveri
University of Vale do Taquari - Lajeado, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

 

Raul Souto
Federal University of Pampa - Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

 

Ana Clara Sevá
Federal University of Pampa - Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

 

Maria Eduarda Carvalho de Souza

Federal University of Pampa - Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

 

Gabriela Costa Trofino
Federal University of Pampa - Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

 

Rafael Coutinho Fournier
Federal University of Pampa - Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

 

Eduardo Afonso Zechlinski dos Santo
Federal University of Pampa - Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

 

Thalys Augusto Menegazzo Trombetta
Federal University of Pampa - Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

 

Fabio Kopp Vanuzzi
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

 

Túlio Gamio Dias
University of São Paulo - São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

 

Carolina Della Latta Colpani
Lutheran University of Brazil – Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

 

Túlio Gamio Dias

University of São Paulo - São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/dhrni/v6/1808

Hypothyroidism: Study of Prevalence and Environmental Exposures as Risk Factors | Chapter 7 | Recent Updates in Disease and Health Research Vol. 8

 

Background: Thyroid diseases are common worldwide. In India too, there is a significant burden of thyroid diseases and 42 million people in India are estimated to suffer from them. Environmental factors pose a significant risk of thyroid dysfunction under certain circumstances which may be intentional, inadvertent, or accidental. The need to investigate the potential harm posed by these factors in the quantities commonly encountered is emphasized. And along with this, there is ignorance and a lack of perception about this problem.

Objective: To study the prevalent risk factors (non-modifiable and modifiable) of hypothyroidism and to estimate the strength of the association of these risk factors and the occurrence of the disease.

Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted at a teaching hospital, in Punjab, India. A predesigned and pretested questionnaire was used to collect data. A total of 108 cases with hypothyroidism and 107 control subjects were included in this study.

Results: About 54.33% of hypothyroid cases were observed to be lying in the age group of > 40-50 years out of which 6.14% were male and 93.8% female cases. There was a significant association between modifiable risk factors (pollution, type of diet and cooking oil) and hypothyroidism, while non-modifiable risk factors (age, weight) were not significantly associated.

Conclusion: Hypothyroidism is a common prevailing disorder in the adult Indian population. Hypothyroidism is a disease of multifactorial causation.

 

Author(s)details:-

 

Jagminder Bajaj
Department of Pharmacology, PIMS, Jalandhar, India.

 

Shalini Salwan
Department of Pharmacology, PIMS, Jalandhar, India.

 

Poonam Salwan
Department of Pharmacology, FMHS, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana, India.

 

Please See the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rudhr/v8/11878F

Determination of Thyroid Dysfunction in Pregnant Women and the Need for Universal Screening in India | Chapter 04 | New Horizons in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 5

 The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in pregnant women and the necessity for universal screening. Three hundred and eighty pregnant women aged 20 to 32 were enlisted, with gestational ages ranging from 8 to 36 weeks. The levels of free T3, free T4, and TSH in the blood were measured using chemiluminescence. The pregnant women were separated into four groups based on the study's findings: euthyroid, subclinical hypothyroid (SH), overt hypothyroid (OH), and overt hyperthyroid (OH) (OH). The mean SD age (in years) and BMI of all pregnant women in this study were 23.93.9 and 22.91.6, respectively. In both OH and overt hyperthyroidism, maternal age was statistically significant (p0.05). Women with a high BMI were also more likely than women with a normal BMI to develop OH (p0.05). Thyroid dysfunction was discovered to affect 18.7% of the population. Hypothyroidism affected 17.4% of the population, with the SH accounting for 13.4% and overt hypothyroidism accounting for 3.9 percent, but overt hyperthyroidism accounting for 1.3 percent. TSH levels rise with gestational age, with a statistically significant difference (p0.05) between 2.721.85 IU/mL in the first trimester and 3.42.05 IU/mL in the third trimester. Finally, with a relative risk (RR) of 7.64, a 95 percent confidence interval (CI) of 4.62-12.65, and a p-value of 0.0001, it was observed that the prevalence of raised TSH in high-risk pregnant women was higher than in low-risk pregnant women (35.6 percent versus 5.1 percent). However, 14 of the 51 persons with SH (27.5%) were classified as low-risk. This study discovered that 18.7% of pregnant women have thyroid dysfunction, emphasising the importance of screening all pregnant women for thyroid dysfunction, not only high-risk pregnant women, in order to avert both maternal and foetal morbidity.

Author(S) Details

Prabhavathi V
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, NRI Institute of Medical Sciences, Sangivalasa, Andhra Pradesh, India

Prasad DKV
Department of Biochemistry, NRI Institute of Medical Sciences, Sangivalasa, Andhra Pradesh, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/NHMMR-V5/article/view/6479

Association and Correlation of Thyroid Hormones with Anaemia Types in Pregnant Women | Chapter 01 | New Horizons in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 5

 The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in pregnant women and investigate its relationship with anaemia types.

Three hundred and eighty pregnant women with a gestational age of 12 weeks were recruited for this study. They had no history of thyroid disease or anaemia. All pregnant women were separated into two groups: those who were euthyroid and those who had thyroid dysfunction (groups A and B). The B group was further split into hypothyroid, subclinical hypothyroid (SCH), and hyperthyroid, depending on the degree of the malfunction. All subjects had their thyroid hormones and erythrocyte indices tested using 5 mL of blood. 77.9% of the 380 subjects were found to be euthyroid, whereas the remaining 22.1 percent showed thyroid dysfunction, according to the data. Hypothyroidism was found in 7.9% of cases, SCH in 13.9 percent, and hyperthyroidism was found in 0.3 percent of cases. Anemia was identified in 97 pregnant women (32.8%) out of 296 euthyroid women, compared to 43 women out of 84 (51.2%) in thyroid dysfunction women, which is statistically significant. Between euthyroid and distinct thyroid dysfunction circumstances (p0.05), there was no statistically significant difference in Hb concentration, RBC count, MCV, MCH, and PCV between the thyroid dysfunction groups. There was a statistically significant association between fT4 and erythrocyte indices. Because fT4 and TSH are linked to erythrocyte indices, it's a good idea to check for thyroid dysfunction and vice versa to avoid the problems of anaemia and thyroid dysfunction.

Author(S) Details

Prabhavathi V
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NRI Institute of Medical Sciences, Sangivalasa, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Prasad DKV
Department of Biochemistry, NRI Institute of Medical Sciences, Sangivalasa, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/NHMMR-V5/article/view/6474