The problem of multidrug-resistant pathogens including bacteria, fungi, and yeast, as well as the ban on using antibiotics as growth promoters in feed, has spurred researchers to look for natural antibacterial chemicals as alternatives to standard antibiotics. Natural antimicrobial peptides and compounds derived from animal secretions and some insect venoms have inspired a lot of interest and research because they show antimicrobial activity against pathogens with lesser resistance and higher synergistic effects when administered in conjunction with blends. Antimicrobial peptides produced from honeybee venom will be expressed in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, as well as antimicrobial compounds isolated from giraffes and their inhibitory effects on liver microsomal enzymes, will be discussed in this chapter. CYP450 activity against microorganisms such as Agrobacterium rhizogenes, Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans, and E.coli will be described using the optical density analysis method, and their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) as well as ICs 50 to measure the potency to inhibit a biological function will be determined using programmes such as Gene5, graph pad prism, and clone manager, as well as antimicrobial action of compounds found.
Author (s) Details
Mr. Al-Baraa Akram
Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK.
Glen McCann
Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
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