Human Papilloma Virus: Molecular Study in Congolese Women in the Departments of Niari and Bouenza | Chapter 13 | New Horizons in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 5

 Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are responsible for a variety of mucosal, benign, and malignant skin diseases. Cervical cancer is one of the most frequent diseases in women, and several so-called high-risk genotypes, particularly types 16 and 18, have been linked to its development.

The goal of this study was to determine the frequency of HPV infections and to identify carcinogenic genotypes in the Niari and Bouenza regions.

Materials and Methods: Between 2019 and 2020, a total of 207 cervical samples were analysed. All samples were cytologically examined using cervico vaginal smears, and HPV DNA detection and genotyping were performed with GeneXpert.

The women who took part in this study had an average age of 43.6712.31 years in Niari and 38.29 10.52 years in Bouenza, with age ranges spanning from 18 to 80 years.

Normal identified in 89.58 percent (186/207) instances, ASCUS in 5.31 percent (11/207) cases, LSIL in 2.89 percent (6/207) cases, and ICC in 1.93 percent (4/207) cases were discovered by cytological examination of these samples. HPV infection was found in 83.54 percent (66/186) of women without lesions, 6.32 percent (5/11) of women with ASCUS, and 10.12 percent (8/10) of women with cytological abnormalities [5.06% (4/6) LSIL, and 5.06 percent (4/4) ICC].

In total, 79 of the 207 women in our study, or 38.16 percent, tested positive for one or more HPV-HR kinds. 37.5 percent (48/128) of women in the Niari department tested positive for HPV, whereas 39.24 percent (31/79) of women in the Bouenza department tested positive for HPV. The number of HPV strains infected varied between two and three. The connection between sociodemographic characteristics and genotyping was not statistically significant (p>0.05). The prevalence of HPV-HR, on the other hand, varied dramatically depending on cervical cytology (P 0.001).

Conclusion: The findings indicate that HPV 16 is more common among women in these two Congolese departments.

Author(S) Details

Luc Magloire Anicet Boumba
Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Marien NGOUABI, B.P. 69, Brazzaville, Congo and Laboratoire D'analyses Médicales et Morphologiques, Hôpital Général de Loandjili, P.O. Boîte 8122, Pointe-Noire, Congo and Zone de Recherche de Pointe-Noire, Institut National de Recherche en Science de la Santé (IRSSA), Brazzaville, Congo.

Parfait Christy Nganga
Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Marien NGOUABI, B.P. 69, Brazzaville, Congo.

Sidney Frousse Christian Ngatali
Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Marien NGOUABI, B.P. 69, Brazzaville, Congo and Laboratoire D'analyses Médicales et Morphologiques, Hôpital Général de Loandjili, P.O. Boîte 8122, Pointe-Noire, Congo.

Ghislain Loubano-voumbi
Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Marien NGOUABI, B.P. 69, Brazzaville, Congo.

Donatien Moukassa
Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Marien NGOUABI, B.P. 69, Brazzaville, Congo.

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