Background: Gynecological malignancies are important components of reproductive health and contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality in women. They may be found all over the world, though the distribution varies depending on the locale.
The goal of this study was to determine the frequency and pattern of gynaecological cancers at a University Teaching Hospital in South Eastern Nigeria.
Methodology: All patients with histologically established genital tract malignancies in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of a University Teaching Hospital in South Eastern Nigeria were retrospectively examined from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2013.Cervical cancer accounted for 60.1 percent (131/218) of the 218 cases, followed by ovarian cancer (20.6 percent) (45/218), corpus uteri cancer (10.6%) (23/218), vulval cancer (8.2%) (18/218), and vaginal cancer (0.5 percent) (1/218). Overall, the age range was 30-69, with a large concentration in the 40-49 age group. Cervical and ovarian cancers were the most common cancers among people aged 40 to 49 years old, accounting for 39.7% and 24.5 percent of all cancers, respectively. At the extremes of age (between 20 and 70 years), gynaecological cancers appear to be less common.
Conclusion: Cervical cancer was the most common type of gynaecological cancer in our study. Despite being the most preventable of all gynaecological malignancies and the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Nigeria, it remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality. To stop this dreadful trend, health education, public awareness, and sound government policies are essential.
Author (S) Details
J. C. Umeobika
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Teaching Hospital (COOUTH), Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.
E. C. Ojiyi
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Imo State University Teaching Hospital (IMSUTH), Orlu, Imo State, Nigeria.
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