De-Risking the Atom: An Integrated Framework of Economic Incentives and Legislative Reforms for Nuclear Energy Deployment in Nigeria | Chapter 5 | Physical Science: New Insights and Developments Vol. 3

 

Nigeria's ambitious energy transition and economic development goals are critically hampered by a pervasive energy deficit and an over-reliance on volatile fossil fuels. While nuclear power presents a compelling solution for delivering stable, low-carbon baseload electricity, its historical challenges (prohibitive capital costs, complex risk profiles, and stringent regulatory demands) have stalled its adoption across emerging economies. This study addresses a critical gap in the literature by moving beyond technical feasibility studies to propose a holistic, Nigeria-specific framework that synergistically combines innovative economic models, targeted legislative incentives, and robust risk mitigation strategies to de-risk nuclear investments. Through a mixed-methods approach involving systematic literature review, comparative policy analysis, and preliminary economic modelling, the study evaluates the fundamental economic determinants of nuclear viability within Nigeria's unique context. It identifies the high cost of capital, driven by perceived risks, as the primary barrier. A quantitative analysis shows that with a weighted average cost of capital (WACC) reduced from a risky 12% to a de-risked 8%, the Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) for nuclear power in Nigeria could fall from approximately $102/MWh to a competitive $72/MWh. Consequently, the chapter prescribes a detailed framework encompassing financial instruments like tax credits and sovereign guarantees, legislative reforms for regulatory certainty, and layered risk-sharing mechanisms. The analysis concludes that nuclear energy's economic viability in Nigeria is not intrinsic but can be engineered through deliberate policy and legislative action. The chapter advocates for a phased strategy, prioritising Small Modular Reactors (SMRs), and provides a concrete, actionable roadmap for policymakers to translate nuclear ambition into tangible, bankable projects.

 

 

Author(s) Details

EZREL TABIOWO
National Assembly, Federal Republic of Nigeria, Three Arms Zone, Abuja-FCT, Nigeria.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/psniad/v3/6465

 

Morphological and Molecular Variations in Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin Isolates Collected from Three States of Southwest Nigeria | Chapter 11 | Research Perspective on Biological Science Vol. 6

 

Beauveria bassiana is an entomopathogenic fungus that grows naturally in the soil all around the world and occurs in a wide range of habitats, in forest soil and soils of urban areas. It is one of the most common entomopathogenic fungi that is parasitic to several arthropod species and can cause infection at all stages of life for the host insect. Beauveria bassiana exhibits variations in molecular composition across varying locations. This study aims to detect variations in the Beauveria species collected from some locations in Ondo, Osun and Oyo States of South West Nigeria. Ten isolates of B. bassiana isolated from soil samples collected from forest and urban sites in three States of Southwest Nigeria were characterised using morphological and molecular tools. The morphological characteristics examined included radial growth, colour of colonies, texture, shape of the spores and filaments and the relationship of the spores to the filaments. Means were separated using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at a 0.05% level of significance. DNA was extracted from the isolates, and results from the OTU clustering were sequenced using ITS1 and ITS4 primers. Results showed slight variation in colour of the colonies, varying from whitish cream to white, having smooth, powdery textures with colonies becoming more identical as plates extended, with no significant differences in texture and elevation of the colonies. The radial growth of the isolates was fast, with complete plate cover of the 9 cm Petri dish plates within 7 days for all the isolates. Microscopic observations (×10 and ×100) revealed whorled conidiophores with dense clusters of short, globose conidiogenous cells showing an apical zigzag pattern and producing one-celled spherical conidia, contributing to colony uniformity. Isolate sequences showed a 100% homology to B. bassiana having molecular character variations with isolates 6, 4, 9, 3, 2 having percentage similarity of 99.86 with B. bassiana with accession no BbN06B02, isolate 5 had a percentage similarity of 90.62 with B. bassiana with accession number MW633220.198-48 and isolates 7 and 8 had a percentage similarity of 99.18 with B. bassiana with accession number AY805547.1:180-346 as represented in the dendrogramic tree. These observed variations could be utilised in biological insect pest management. Further pathogenicity testing is recommended to determine the effect of location variation on the virulence of the B. bassiana.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Oluwadara, A. B.
The Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria.

 

Oni, M. O.
The Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria.

 

Adebayo, R. A.
The Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria.

 

Fayeun, L. S.
The Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria.

 

Ajayi, O. O
Soil Microbiology Unit, The International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rpbs/v6/5789

Analysis of Firms Linkages and Performances in Urban Development: A Case Study of Oluyole Industrial Estate, Ibadan Oyo State, Nigeria | Chapter 4 | Research Advances in Environment, Geography and Earth Science Vol. 5

 

This study aimed to analyze the firms’ linkages and performances in the development of the firms and the areas around the locations of the firms. The roles of industrial estates were queried to determine the extent to which their locations benefit society and the environment. The study was carried out in Oluyole Industrial Estate, Primary and secondary data were used, while inferential statistics – mean weighted value (MWV) and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were applied in the data analysis and for the test of the hypotheses. The results show that the variables for the ‘Observed Positive Effects of Industrial Linkages’ with MWV above the cut-off point of GMWV 3.12 were accepted, while MWV below the cut-off point of GMWV 3.12 was rejected; the variables for the ‘Observed Negative Effects of Industrial Linkages’ with MWV above the cut-off point of GMWV 2.74 were accepted, while MWV below the cut-off point of GMWV 2.74 was rejected. The performance of the socio-economic activities on backward linkages - industrial sector, agricultural sector, service sector, and import, analyzed on twenty-one (21) items scored 9.54, 2.66, 1.26, and 7.54 respectively, with the averages of 0.454286, 0.126667, 0.060000, and 0.359048 which differ significantly. Also, the performance of the socio-economic activities on forward linkages - industrial sector, agricultural sector, service sector, final users, and export sector, analyzed on twenty-one (21) items scored 5.11, 0.58, 12.90, 2.18, and 0.23 respectively, with the averages of 0.243333, 0.027619, 0.614286, 0.103810, and 0.010952 which also differ significantly.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Romanus Udegbunam Ayadiuno

Department of Geography and Environmental Sustainability, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.

Dominic Chukwuka Ndulue

Department of Geography and Environmental Sustainability, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria and Department of Geography, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.

Jeremiah Aduojo Oguche

Department of Geography, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/raeges/v5/744

 

Understanding the Impact of Stigma and Discrimination on Adherence to Medication amongst People Living with HIV in Nigeria: A Mixed Method Study | Chapter 2 | Medical Research and Its Applications Vol. 9

 

The present study determines the impact of Stigma and Discrimination amongst People Living with HIV and their Adherence to Medication in North Central Nigeria. Stigma has been and will continue to be one of the factors influencing the prevention and treatment of some diseases in the health sector if adequate measures are not taken to address it. In spite of the identification of stigma as a factor impeding public utilisation of HIV counselling, testing, and treatment services in Nigeria, gaps still exist in knowledge on the impact of stigma, and discrimination on adherence to medication and outcomes amongst people living with HIV (PLWH). It has been observed that even healthcare workers isolate HIV/AIDS patients from other ones, refuse to admit them to the hospital, wear extra cloves when examining them, and charge very high fees for care. This study adopted mixed methods to examine the impact of stigma and discrimination on adherence to medication amongst PLWH in Nigeria. A sample of 1,621 respondents was collected using multi-stage and purposive sampling methods. Structured interviews using questionnaires and in-depth interviews (using a guide) were utilised for data collection. SPSS (version 21) was used for quantitative data analysis while the qualitative data was analysed thematically. There are 46.3% men and 53.7% women respondents. Generally, their income is low, 70.7% are earning less than N25,000 (approximately $125 USD) per month. Some of the HIV patients are stigmatised. In reaction, they avoid public places, and travel long distances away from their immediate community to collect drugs and to avoid being noticed around the centers. They sometimes miss taking drugs regularly as prescribed, suffer depression and die. Those who are alive continue to suffer social exclusion within the communities. Stigma and discrimination impede adherence to medication amongst PLHW in Nigeria. More efforts should be made to create awareness to reduce the stigma and discrimination of HIV patients while augmenting their income to meet up with the challenges of adherence to medication and social acceptability. Policies addressing discrimination of PLWH in the family, marriage and employment domains would be of great help. The overall benefits would be enhanced mechanisms of HIV prevention, treatment and control in the study area.

 

Author(s) Details

Godwin Aondohemba Timiun

Department of Sociology, Benue State University, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria and Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mria/v9/205

E-commerce Adoption on Inventory Management for Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria: An Econometric Study | Chapter 6 | Business, Management and Economics: Research Progress Vol. 3

 

Electronic commerce, otherwise known as e-commerce is increasingly evolving itself into a dynamic force changing the logistics activities within the Nigerian manufacturing industry. Inventory management is an essential element of supply chain management, involving the supervision and control of the order, storage, and utilisation of components essential for production, as well as the management of finished products awaiting sale. The study examined the effect of Business-to-Business E-commerce adoption on inventory management using manufacturing companies in Nigeria under the category of consumer goods as a case study. Inefficient inventory management leading to a rise in costs and a decrease in customer satisfaction level is one of the major challenges encountered by Nigerian manufacturing companies but this can be resolved through the implementation of e-commerce hence the study focussed on inventory management variables which are; inventory accuracy, stockout frequency, inventory turnover rate, demand forecasting accuracy, storage optimisation, inventory holding costs, supplier reliability, inventory audit frequency, obsolete inventory and inventory replenishment. The explosion of e-commerce in the logistics sector has posed a challenge that must be effectively managed to sustain the volume of goods across long distances, the interface between e-commerce and in particular inventory management, for instance via stocks and warehousing has become so important to be overlooked. The study was carried out in Nigeria and the population of the study includes staff of 20 manufacturing companies listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange as of 2023. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 718 respondents. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire and was analysed using both one-sample t-test analysis and multivariant regression analysis. E-commerce has a positive and significant effect on stockout frequency (P = 0.000), inventory turnover rate (P=0.000), demand forecasting accuracy (P=0.000), storage optimisation (P=0.000), and inventory replenishment (P=0.000). The findings revealed significant improvements in inventory accuracy, reduced stockout frequency, increased inventory turnover rate, and improved demand forecasting accuracy. Evidently, these findings imply that the adoption of e-commerce is essential in optimising inventory management processes and thus recommends that manufacturing companies should further utilise digital tools to enable better forecasting in inventory management and efficient stock handling in order to efficiently track stock levels, enhance demand forecasting and then improve the overall inventory control.

 

Author(s) Details

 

Omorinde O. A.
Department of Transport Management, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.

 

Ayantoyinbo B. B.
Department of Transport Management, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.

 

Dosunmu V. A.
Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/bmerp/v3/1476

The Complex Relationships Between Crime, Insecurity and Poverty in Nigeria: Unpacking the State Failure Nexus | Chapter 6 | New Ideas Concerning Arts and Social Studies Vol. 3

Nigeria, frequently referred to as the Giant of Africa due to its vast population and significant economic potential, presents a complex paradox of wealth and poverty. Despite being one of the world’s largest oil producers, Nigeria is plagued by severe challenges such as organised crime, persistent insecurity, and widespread poverty. This study presents a systematic investigation into the intricate interplay between organised crime, insecurity, and poverty in Nigeria, utilising the State Failure Theory as its theoretical groundwork. By drawing on qualitative insights from field research and expert interviews, the research delineates the complex dynamics within this nexus and its profound implications for human security, development, and global stability. Forty comprehensive interviews were conducted with key informants, comprising community members, law enforcement officials, policymakers, and specialists in security. Six focus group discussions were conducted with stakeholders, encompassing youth groups, women’s organisations, and local business owners. This study highlights that the failure of the Nigerian state has fostered an environment permissive to organised criminal activities, which, in turn, exacerbate insecurity and deepen poverty. Key drivers identified in this nexus include corruption, political instability, economic inequality, and institutional weaknesses. The study also highlights the severe impacts on human security, manifesting as widespread violence, displacement, human rights abuses, and socio-economic exclusion. By exploring the intricate relationships among organised crime, insecurity and poverty in Nigeria, this study elucidates the dire consequences of state failure and stresses the necessity for collective action to address this global challenge. The study recommends targeted interventions to strengthen governance and security frameworks, bolster the rule of law, promote sustainable development, and enhance international cooperation to mitigate the global repercussions of state failure.

 

Author(s) Details

 

Thomas Achu Uduo
Department of Defence and Security Studies, Nigerian Defence Academic Kaduna, University of Leicester and ASIS International, Nigeria and Department of Political Science and an Advocate for Girls' Education, University of Calabar, Nigeria.

 

Obaji-Akpet Immaculata Ofu
Department of Defence and Security Studies, Nigerian Defence Academic Kaduna, University of Leicester and ASIS International, Nigeria and Department of Political Science and an Advocate for Girls' Education, University of Calabar, Nigeria.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/nicass/v3/5362

Predictive Policing in Nigeria: An Exploratory Analysis of Law Enforcement Approaches in Lagos State | Chapter 7 | New Ideas Concerning Arts and Social Studies Vol. 2

The escalating crime and insecurity in Nigeria require key solutions of advanced law enforcement approaches. Lagos State, being an economic centre, has implemented predictive policing, a data-centric methodology for crime prevention and reduction. This exploratory study examines the ability of predictive policing in Lagos State. This study employs a qualitative research design, utilising in-depth interviews with law enforcement officials, policymakers, and community leaders. The results indicate that predictive policing has facilitated a decline in crime rates in Lagos State, especially concerning armed robbery, kidnapping, and cultism. Nevertheless, the study highlights considerable challenges, such as deficient data management systems, constrained resources, inadequate community involvement, and insufficient training for law enforcement officials. The study emphasises the necessity for a more collaborative methodology in predictive policing by engaging various stakeholders, such as community leaders, policymakers, and law enforcement agencies. The results of this study hold significant implications for the formulation of effective predictive policing strategies in Nigeria and analogous contexts. The study advocates for the enhancement of data management systems, augmented investment in technology and human resources, and improved community engagement and participation. The results offer significant insights for policymakers, law enforcement agencies, and community leaders aiming to formulate effective strategies for crime prevention and reduction in Nigeria.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Thomas Uduo
ICEST Resource Center, Lagos, Nigeria.

 

Raymond Obaji
ICEST Resource Center, Lagos, Nigeria.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/nicass/v2/5152

Kidnapping as a Business Activity and Related Security Implications: A Nigerian Perspective | Chapter 10 | New Ideas Concerning Arts and Social Studies Vol. 1

Kidnapping for ransom has become a serious problem in Nigeria, affecting individuals, families, and society as a whole. While criminals may benefit financially from this illegal activity, the consequences are devastating for victims and hinder the country’s economic growth. The increasing rate of kidnapping has created fear among citizens, discouraged tourism and investment, and posed a major challenge to security management.

 

This study examines the causes of kidnapping and its impact on security and development in Nigeria. The findings suggest that factors like unemployment, poverty, drug abuse, and social inequality contribute to the rise of kidnapping, with many young people getting involved in these crimes. Despite government efforts to tackle the issue, kidnapping continues to spread.

 

To address this problem, society must educate and guide young people toward positive values like honesty, integrity, and non-violence. The government must also take strong action by creating more job opportunities, investing in infrastructure, and reducing poverty to discourage youth from turning to crime. Only by tackling the root causes can Nigeria achieve a safer and more stable society.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Brown Egbe Isokon
Department of Social Work, University of Calabar, Nigeria.

 

Ude Bassey Obeten
Department of Social Work, University of Calabar, Nigeria.

 

Oru Takim Tiku
Department of Social Work, University of Calabar, Nigeria.

 

Agnes Ubana Enang
Department of Public Administration, University of Calabar, Nigeria.

 

Samson Uche Nwaubani
Department of Public Administration, University of Calabar, Nigeria.

 

Okwu Augustina Onyema
Department of Sociology, University of Calabar, Nigeria.

 

Mary Effiong
Department of Sociology and Social Work, Obong University, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/nicass/v1/2060

Varying Behavioral Attitudes and Correlates of HPV Infection among Young Adolescents in Benue State, Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study | Chapter 1 | Achievements and Challenges of Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 3

Aim: This study aims to assess the knowledge of HPV infection and the practice of primary prevention, the willingness of HPV uptake, and attitudinal differences and correlates among randomly sampled secondary school students across the three senatorial districts of Benue State, Nigeria.

Background: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a significant public health concern globally, especially in low- and middle-income countries. It is one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted infections (STIs). In Africa, including Nigeria, HPV prevalence is high, contributing to a substantial burden of cervical cancer. Despite challenges, massive HPV vaccination campaigns in Africa show promise for preventing cervical cancer cases. In Benue State, Nigeria, limited research exists on several aspects of HPV knowledge and attitudes towards HPV among secondary school students.                                                                                                                                                   Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted among adolescents aged 10–19 years in six secondary schools in three local government areas (LGAs) in Benue State, Nigeria. Two-stage sampling was used to select the LGAs and schools, with a final sample size of 591 students. Within these schools, students were recruited using simple random sampling, which gives every student an equal chance of being selected, ensuring fair representation. The selected schools represent both junior and senior secondary school levels and span across the three senatorial districts of the state. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire covering sociodemographic characteristics, HPV knowledge, prevention practices, and willingness for HPV vaccination. Statistical analyses included univariate analyses and tests of association, with significance set at p < 0.05 or 0.001 depending on the level of the stringency of the evidence required. Data were analysed using SPSS version 25.       

Results: This study found a statistically significant median difference in the perceived knowledge that HPV infection is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) based on age. Only 35.4% of the participants were males, and 86.8% were between the ages of 10 and 16. Only 24.7% acknowledged that HPV can be transmitted during sexual intercourse, and 36.2% recognized that HPV can be transmitted via skin-to-skin contact. In the survey, 48.1% noted that HPV can cause cervical cancer. Around half (50.9%) acknowledged that early sexual debut increases the risk of acquiring HPV, while only 28.1% recognized vaccination as a preventive strategy against HPV infection. Only 35% correctly stated the best time for the HPV vaccine. In assessing the practice of HPV prevention, 14.9% are in a sexual relationship and 10.3% admitted to not using condoms during sexual intercourse. Also, 11.8% have had STIs, and 27.2% have previously undergone HIV screening. Various bivariate analyses showed some varying behavioural differences and correlates of HPV infection among young adolescents in Benue State, Nigeria.

  Conclusions: This study provides valuable insights into HPV knowledge, prevention practices, and willingness to uptake HPV vaccination among secondary school students in Benue State, Nigeria. The significance of the differences and correlates was discussed using themes. The research has unpacked complex relationships that could have public health implications for researchers and policymakers. Moreover, ten actionable policy recommendations were prescribed. Several interventions and areas for further study were proposed. The study also recommended that public health campaigns can leverage existing infrastructure, and healthcare providers can play a key role in raising HPV awareness.

 

Author (s) Details

Evelyn Erdoo Orya
Sydani Group, Abuja, Nigeria.

 

Kayode Khalid Bello
Federal Medical Centre, Keffi, Nasarawa State, Nigeria.

 

Sidney Sampson
Sydani Group, Abuja, Nigeria.

 

Esther Awazzi Envuladu
Jos University Teaching Hospital, Katon Rikkos, Plateau State, Nigeria.

 

Hilary I. Okagbue
Sydani Institute for Research and Innovation, Sydani Group, Abuja, Nigeria.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/acmms/v3/2627

An Investigation of the Environmental Quality through Anthropogenic Metal Analysis in Targeted Niger Delta Aquatic Systems, Nigeria | Chapter 5 | Geography, Earth Science and Environment: Research Highlights Vol. 2

Background: Water, an essential resource for life and ecosystems, faces increasing threats due to the escalating pace of industrialization, particularly in oil-rich regions like the Niger Delta in Nigeria. This area is a hotspot for petroleum production, where extensive gas flaring and illicit artisanal activities introduce substantial pollutants into the environment, directly impacting the quality of surface and rainwater.

Aims: This study aims to investigate the impact of anthropogenic activities, particularly oil industry operations, on environmental quality in the Oyigbo Local Government Area (L.G.A.), Rivers State, Nigeria, focusing on evaluating heavy metals in water sources affected by gas flaring and petroleum production.

Study Design: This is an environmental quality assessment study, utilizing geochemical and geospatial analysis of water to determine the distribution and impact of heavy metals.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in the Oyigbo L.G.A., Rivers State, Niger Delta, Nigeria, within a duration of 275 days.

Methodology: A total of 41 water samples were collected, including 34 rainwater and 7 river water samples. The concentrations of four key heavy metals, lead (Pb), copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), and zinc (Zn), were analyzed. Two indices, the Heavy Metals Pollution Index (HPI) and the Potential Ecological Risk Index (PERI), were calculated to assess the environmental impact of these metals. Geospatial distribution analysis was performed to identify contamination hotspots. The geospatial analysis involved mapping the spatial distribution of heavy metal concentrations (Pb, Cu, Cd, and Zn) at various locations using ArcGIS 10.4 and Microsoft Excel.

Results: Pb levels in rainwater ranged from 0.11 to 2.42 mg/L, with locations like Atata and Okoloma Market, showing concentrations far exceeding the World Health Organization (WHO) limit of 0.01 mg/L. River samples also had high Pb levels, peaking at 1.21 mg/L. Cu, Cd, and Zn concentrations were generally within acceptable limits, with Cu ranging from 0.08 to 0.43 mg/L, Cd consistently below 0.003 mg/L, and Zn between 0.018 and 2.011 mg/L.

Conclusion: The HPI identified Pb as the predominant contaminant, and the PERI classified the overall pollution risk as slight, with Pb posing the highest ecological threat. Geospatial analysis revealed Pb contamination was most severe in the northern-central and western parts, while Zn showed localized higher levels, suggesting specific pollution sources. The study highlights the urgency to address Pb contamination, posing significant risks to the area’s environmental and public health. Educating local communities on contamination risks, promoting water purification methods, and supporting ongoing research to monitor vulnerable areas will be essential for safeguarding public health and the environment.

 

Author (s) Details

Nurudeen Onomhoale Ahmed
Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.

 

Nik Norsyahariati Nik Daud
Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.

 

Ipoola Ajani Okunlola
Chemical and Geological Sciences Department, Al-Hikmah University, 240281 Ilorin, Nigeria.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/geserh/v2/3212

Gender Narratives and the Function of Digital Humanities in Enhancing the Experiences of Nigerian Women: Empowering Voices | Chapter 2 | Digital Crossroads: Integrating Humanities, Science and Technology Edition 1

In Nigeria, Digital humanities have emerged as an innovative platform that modifies the dialogue around the circumstances, outlooks, and identities of Nigerian women thus nourishing gender narratives. Women in Nigeria, chronically marginalized in the media and academic research, are now progressively using internet tools to tell the tale, challenge sexist stereotypes, and rewrite cultural narratives. Various topics were scrutinized including gender equality, selfhood, womanism, and the social issues they confront via blogs, social media, digital archives, and multimedia storytelling. The reality of Nigerian women is now inclusively represented from a broader perspective because this construction makes it available both natively and worldwide.

Proceeding further on discussions on gender roles, agency, and empowerment, these digital narratives have an authority that goes beyond the digital realm and challenges patriarchal structures and norms. Women can support one another across borderlines and socioeconomic classes and consolidate for social justice by having a connection with famous groups through these platforms. Digital humanities initiatives in Nigeria have brought historical narratives, personal experiences, and the intellectual accomplishments of Nigerian women into the limelight— all of which are usually skimmed in popular historical accounts.

Nigerian women endure to create a vigorous, evolving discourse that enhances Nigeria’s cultural and intellectual landscape. Moreover, the digital humanities assist as a critical educational tool, that provides younger generations with role models and resources to traverse gender-related issues. Nevertheless, challenges persist, such as cyberbullying, societal resistance, and digital accessibility which often restrain the reach of these narratives. Notwithstanding these blockades, by employing digital platforms to victor their experiences and aspirations, they are not only regaining their stories adding to a more unbiased and comprehensive vision of Nigerian individuality and heritage.

 

Author (s) Details

Shifa Shami
GSHS, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-93-48859-10-5/CH2

Determinants of Skill Levels in Paediatric Emergency Management among Primary Healthcare Workers | Chapter 10 | Medical Science: Trends and Innovations Vol. 6

Background: Paediatric emergencies remain a significant public health concern in Nigeria, especially in rural areas where primary healthcare centres (PHCs) often serve as the sole source of medical care. The ability of healthcare workers in these settings to effectively manage paediatric emergencies is crucial for improving child health outcomes.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the determinants of skill levels in paediatric emergency management among primary healthcare workers in Zaria, Nigeria. This study underscores the critical need for targeted interventions to improve the skills of primary healthcare workers in managing paediatric emergencies in Zaria, Nigeria.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 139 randomly selected healthcare workers in Sabon Gari and Zaria Local Government Areas. Data were collected using a pre-tested questionnaire that included socio-demographic characteristics, work experience, and skills in managing paediatric emergencies. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 21. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were employed to analyze the data. Results: The results revealed that healthcare workers in PHCs in Zaria exhibited varying levels of skills in managing paediatric emergencies. Several determinants were identified as influencing their skill levels. Healthcare workers with higher academic qualifications demonstrated significantly better skills in managing paediatric emergencies, suggesting that formal education plays a crucial role in developing the necessary competencies. While experience can be a valuable asset, the study did not find a strong association between years of experience and skill levels, indicating that experience alone is not sufficient for developing the necessary skills. Additional training and support may be required. The training and mentorship programs provide structured support and continuous learning opportunities, which are particularly beneficial in resource-limited settings. Healthcare workers who had received recent training or participated in continuing medical education (CME) programs related to paediatric emergency management tended to have higher skill levels, highlighting the importance of ongoing professional development.

Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that a combination of determinants influences the skill levels of primary healthcare workers in managing paediatric emergencies. While academic qualifications are important, ongoing training and access to resources are also essential. It is crucial to address these determinants through targeted interventions to improve the skills of healthcare workers and enhance the quality of care provided to children in need. This study underscores the critical need for targeted interventions to improve the skills of primary healthcare workers in managing paediatric emergencies in Zaria, Nigeria. By addressing factors such as academic qualifications, training, resource availability, and work environment, policymakers and healthcare providers can significantly enhance the quality of care provided to children in need.

 

Author (s) Details

Suberu PO
Cardiorespiratory Unit, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom.

 

Obohwemu KO
Department of Health, Wellbeing & Social Care, Global Banking School/Oxford Brookes University, Birmingham, United Kingdom and PENKUP Research Institute, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

 

Soyobi VY
Oni Memorial Children Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria and Riverside Nursing Home, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.

 

Yakpir MG
Department of Health, Wellbeing & Social Care, Global Banking School/Oxford Brookes University, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

 

Henry K
IBIC Change, London, United Kingdom.

 

Ndioho I
Department of Health Professions, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msti/v6/4341

Households’ Role in Community-Driven Infrastructure Development: A Case Study of Ondo State, Nigeria | Chapter 7 | New Advances in Business, Management and Economics Vol. 2

Community-Driven Development (CDD) treats the people and their institutions as partners and assets in the community development process while inefficiency or lacking Infrastructure impedes the growth of economic and social-related ventures in communities. This paper explores the contribution of residents/households to communal efforts in the provision and maintenance of community infrastructure in Ondo State, Nigeria. This includes investigation into project identification, financial contribution, approaches to community development, effects of households’ action and quality of support among others. With a survey approach, three hundred and seventy (370) households were selected across the state in a multistage sampling process to administer a well-structured open and close-ended questionnaire; using residential buildings as sampling units. Six (6) urban and rural settlements were targeted for the data gathering across the three (3) senatorial districts of the state. Major findings established a high involvement in project identification and availability as labourers for general infrastructure provision. Dominant infrastructure support was in connection with electricity provision, road maintenance and water provision (in the form of boreholes and wells). Financial constraints limited road “engagement” due to the high cost of macadam surfacing. As part of the recommendations, transparency and accountability by community organisations are proposed to further encourage financial donations by residents. Also, International Organisations are encouraged to focus more on road construction in rural communities and poorly accessed areas of urban centres to make up for residents’ inability to fund such projects.

 

Author (s) Details

 

J.A.B. Olujimi
Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.

A.A. Emmanuel
Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.

O.O. Simon-Oke
Department of Economics, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.

F.C. Arowosafe
Department of Ecotourism and Wildlife Management, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.

O.O. Popoola
Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.

T. Akinbode
Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.

 

 Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/nabme/v2/4181

Prevalence of Malaria among 1-15-Year Children and the Awareness and Acceptability of Malaria Vaccine in Nsukka Local Government Area, Enugu State, Nigeria | Chapter 6 | Disease and Health Research - New Insights Vol. 1

 

Background: Malaria is still a serious threat to health, especially for children living in endemic areas. Effective control of malaria requires understanding the local epidemiology and community attitudes towards vaccination and other preventive measures.

Aim: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Plasmodium infection in children between 1 and 15 years and to evaluate the knowledge and acceptability of the malaria vaccine.

Study Design: Cross-sectional.

Materials and Methods: Prevalence of malaria parasite in 250 children from 1-15 years attending Akulue Memorial Hospital, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria was detected using microscopy. Simultaneously, detailed questionnaires were sent to parents/guardians to assess their knowledge and perspectives regarding malaria vaccination.

Results: Of the 250 children examined, 92.4% tested positive for the Plasmodium parasite. The malaria prevalence was high (>85%) in the three age groups, (1-5), (6-10), and (11-15) years although they were not significantly different (p>0.05). It was not also significantly different between male and female children. This study showed that most parents/guardians were found in favor of introducing a malaria vaccine. The findings highlighted the significance of focused measures to strengthen malaria prevention tactics, such as intensive community education and advocacy efforts to raise vaccination rates.

Conclusion: The results showed that the target children had a high prevalence of malaria infection. Reducing the illness burden among children and attaining sustainable malaria control requires addressing misconceptions and promoting favorable attitudes towards malaria vaccination.

 

Author(s)Details

Elijah Sunday Okwuonu
Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.

 

Emmanuel Uzoma Anyaoha
Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.

 

Chinaza Blessing Ukwueze
Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.

 

Nenrot Sandra Gopep
Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.

Department of Public Health/Mph, Georgia Southern University, USA.

 

Uchenna Athanasius Ubaka
Department of Parasitology and Entomology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.

 

Emmanuella Chigozirim Agbedo
Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.

Chiamaka Lovelyn Nwankwo
Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.

 

Patra Chisom Ezeamii
Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.Department of Public Health/Mph, Georgia Southern University, USA.

 

Ogochukwu Ruth Abasilim

Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.

The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health, USA.

 

Blessing Chinenye Amoke
Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.

 

Ikem Chris Okoye (Professor)
Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/dhrni/v1/1171

Investigation of Total Phenolic and Flavonoid contents of Lettuce Grown in Katsina State, Nigeria | Chapter 8 | Research Advances and Challenges in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 3

While it is clear that dietetic choices and habits are contributing to the health state of individuals, mounting evidence suggests that biomolecular contents of foods vary in line with the nutritional milieu. Even when it is hard to distinguish the causal factors of this variation, Lettuces remain a perfect example of complementary food of the first order given the wide array of their nutritional constituents and having provided countless essential nutrients to the paradigms of nutrition and medicine. Various concentrations of Flavonoids or Total polyphenols in lettuce contribute to preventive strategies of several health conditions.

The aim of this study is to investigate Total Polyphenol and Flavonoids content of lettuce grown in Katsina state, North-west Nigeria and their potential beneficial role in consumers’ health. Samples of Lettuces collected from different farms in six different Local Governments Areas (LGA) of Katsina State, North-west Nigeria and prepared in Dutsinma city, are analyzed using selected techniques, independent of variations in the sample matrix. The separation of each targeted compound in this study involves the use of well known and previously tested methods.

Total polyphenols and Flavonoids content are determined from quercetin and gallic acid standard curves.

Statistical analysis demonstrates the association between the antioxidant activity and amount of Total Phenolic or Flavonoids content with specifiable correlation coefficient.

Overall, this study makes clear that substituting synthetic antioxidants with natural identical compounds sourced from locally available Lettuces provides greater health and economic benefits, given that they are less toxic, easily affordable and more tolerated by consumers.

Author(s) Details:

Gnimintakpa Joseph,
Stellar Data and IT Consulting LLC, Data Science, Analytics Training Institute, Hyattsville, Maryland, USA.

Umar Sabiu,
Federal University Dutsinma, Katsina State, Nigeria.

Muhammad Sani,
Institute of Mathematical Research, University Putra, Serdan, Malaysia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RACAS-V3/article/view/13270

Establishing Valid Blood Donor Hematology Standards in Nigeria: Addressing Discrepancies from U.S. Guideline | Chapter 10 | Advancement and New Understanding in Medical Science Vol. 2

Background: Blood transfusion is a lifesaving process and therapy which is required for a wide range of health conditions such as severe anaemia, severe trauma, obstetric complications in pregnancy or parturition and surgical procedures. Adequate selection of a prospective whole blood donor protects his health and safety of the recipient.

Objectives: The main objective of this study was to determine the haematology parameters of apparently healthy prospective whole blood donors.

Participants and Methods: This prospective hospital based study was carried out from August to October 2020 at the blood transfusion unit of the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH), Ikeja, Nigeria. A structured pretested questionnaire was used for data collection. The socio demographic status and the haematology parameters of apparently healthy prospective whole blood donors who tested negative for HIV, hepatitis B and C markers were captured. Obtained data were analysed with the statistical package for the social scientist software version 20.

Results: One hundred male (97.1%) and three female (2.9%) apparently healthy prospective whole blood donors were studied. The median age of study subjects was 30 years. Obtained median haematology parameter values were 13 g/dl, 40%, 4.9/nl and 203.9/nl for haemoglobin concentration, haematocrit, total white cell and platelet counts respectively. The median values for the mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) of participants were 32.6 g/dl, 27.7 pg and 85.7 fl respectively. Observed prevalence of subnormal haematology parameters for haemoglobin concentration, total white cells, platelets were 12.6%, 25.2%, and 13.6% respectively. Also sub- normal values for MCHC, MCH, MCV were 11.7%, 26.2%, and 16.5% respectively among prospective whole blood donors in this study. No higher than normal haematology parameter values were observed. Median values for erythrocyte sedimentation rate was 8.4 mm/hr. The predominance of the younger people in the blood donor pool may be explained by the fact that the youth have a better knowledge about blood donation, through being vast in digital technology.

Conclusion: A significant percentage of apparently healthy prospective whole blood donors had sub- normal haematology parameters values. Obtained normal values in our study are comparable with local reference range reports from previous studies in Nigeria and other parts of Africa. A health education and awareness pro- gram about the harmless nature of blood donation exercises for the females is critical and should be encouraged and emphasized.

Author(s) Details:

Taiwo Modupe Balogun,
Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Igbinedion University, Okada, Nigeria and Blood Donor Clinic, Blood Transfusion Services Centre, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Nigeria.

Kingsley Aile,
Blood Donor Clinic, Blood Transfusion Services Centre, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Nigeria.

Athanasius Chika Nnamani,
Blood Donor Clinic, Blood Transfusion Services Centre, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Nigeria.

Olayinka Saidat Kareem,
Blood Donor Clinic, Blood Transfusion Services Centre, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Nigeria.

Adenekan Salu,
Blood Donor Clinic, Blood Transfusion Services Centre, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Nigeria.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ANUMS-V2/article/view/13116

Condoms Breakage and Slip off: Risk Factors for HIV Infections Amongst Individuals Keeping Multiple Sexual Relationships in Tiv Land, North Central Nigeria | Chapter 3 | Recent Trends in Arts and Social Studies Vol. 8

 Despite the knowledge that proper and consistent habit of condoms by individuals custody multiple sexual friendships or who undertake casual sex would prevent the broadcast of HIV; gaps still endure in knowledge on the effective utilisation of condoms among partners consistency multiple relationships in Nigeria. This paper analyzes condoms breakage and remove during sexual intercourse among partners and HIV risk in Nigeria. A sample of 1,621 accused was collected using multi-stage and resolved to do something sampling methods. Structured and meticulous interviews were used for dossier collection. SPSS (version 21) was secondhand for quantitative dossier analysis. The incidences of condoms damage and slip off are extreme, and may constitute risk determinant for HIV infection. The decline in the rate of HIV infections through this source by utilising verified knowledge for programme interventions will impact absolutely on the sexual wellbeing of things and public health in Nigeria.

Author(s) Details:

Godwin Aondohemba Timiun,
Australian Catholic University, 115 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy Vic 3065, Melbourne, Australia and Department of Sociology, Benue State University, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RTASS-V8/article/view/11880

An Assessment of the Transaction Chain of Sesame Seed in Nasarawa State Nigeria | Chapter 5 | Emerging Issues in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 7

 The study resolved the sesame seed trade in Nasarawa, Nigeria, recognizing key players, factors deciding price, and challenges faced by stockbrokers. A total of 150 subjects were sampled, using determinable methodologies. The findings presented that sesame seed is a profitable crop for traffickers, but price determination influenced by extrinsic entities like the currency exchange rate and affluent wholesaler is not advantageous for local traders. The basic individuals involved in the work are local buying agents, country assemblers, and exporting firms. The operational approach has experienced to adverse outcomes, containing property and capital investment misfortune, and life-threatening situations. To prevent bleeding, capital loss, and life-threatening positions, a task force bear be established to oversee the sesame source trade chain, conduct quality assurance checks on unfamiliar investors' trading actions, and enforce policies confining foreign financiers' access to local markets.

Author(s) Details:

Emmy Owoicho Okadonye,
Centre for Food Technology and Research (CEFTER), Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria.

Iornem Shima Kennedy,
Office of the Accountant General of the Federation FCT, Abuja, Nigeria.

Rengmang Rohop Saidu,
Centre for Food Technology and Research (CEFTER), Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria.

Otokpa Sam Otse,
Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Benue State University, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria.

Akaa Bee Joseph,
Department of Research, National Judicial Institute FCT, Abuja, Nigeria.

Apochi Joshua Apochi,
Department of Monitoring and Evaluation, Benue State FADAMA CARES Benue Agricultural and Rural Development Authority Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria.

Mluna Charles Korinjoh,
Bua Group International, Abuja, Nigeria.

Ikyoh Aondoaver Lawrence,
Guarantee Trust Bank, Benue State Branch, Nigeria.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/EIAS-V7/article/view/11850

Motivations for Sexual Relationships, Sero-discordant Partnerships and the Spread of HIV amongst Tiv People of Benue State, North Central Nigeria | Chapter 1 | Current Innovations in Disease and Health Research Vol. 6

 Despite the knowledge created on the styles of HIV transmission through intercourse behaviour change intervention programmes, the incidence rates of HIV contaminations remain significantly high in Nigeria, accompanying a figure of 227,518 cases in 2014. The present study examines the ambitions for sexual relationships, sero-conflicting partnerships and the spread of HIV among Tiv People of Benue State, Nigeria. A sample of 1,621 respondents was composed using multi-stage and beneficial sampling methods. Structured and meticulous interviews were used for dossier collection. SPSS (story 21) was used for all-inclusive data analysis.  The desire for inclination, place to live, favours, love and their combined belongings, age; and levels of education are considerably associated with sero-conflicting partnerships. The inspiration factors for sero-discordant intercourse relationships will need expected addressed, while guaranteeing access to character education, if significant decline in the incidence rates of HIV is expected achieved among the Tiv People of North Central Nigeria.

Author(s) Details:

Godwin Aondohemba Timiun,
Australian Catholic University, 115 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy Vic 3065, Melbourne, Australia and Department of Sociology, Benue State University, Makurdi, Benue State, West Africa, Nigeria.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CIDHR-V6/article/view/11835

Dynamic Relationship between Foreign Direct Investment and Trade in Nigeria’s Non-Oil Sector | Chapter 11 | Current Topics on Business, Economics and Finance Vol. 9

This unit investigated the dynamic friendship between different direct investment and trade in Nigeria’s non-lubricate sector between 1981 and 2015. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has long happened a burning topic of excellent interest and debate in several savings around the world. In the research, there are many reasons as to reason FDI has become a much-reviewed topic of interest by scholars and procedure makers. Our empirical results displayed a significant complementary connection between Nigeria's private non-oil FDI stock and non-oil exports. Meanwhile, no connection was observed between ingoing non-oil FDI stock and non-lubricate import and non-oil total profession. The study adopted the Multinational Enterprise Theory. The theory engaged to address the apparent inadequacy of the approximate advantage foundation in explaining trade and different investment and concentrate on the organize of innovation, belongings of economies of scale, and, to some extent, the part of uncertainty. In order to accomplish this, private FDI stock in Nigeria's non-oil industry complements the subdivision's exports, hence growing non-oil exports automatically. We likewise found that, particularly over the temporary, economic happening strengthened the complimentary link middle from two points inward FDI stock in the non-oil area and aggregated and disaggregated trade versification.  Therefore, appropriate inward FDI stock is necessary to boost the export performance of Nigeria’s non-lubricate sector, which would help transform the fiscal income and foreign exchange sources external the traditional oil and vapor sector.

Author(s) Details:

Ihebuluche Fortune,
Department of Economics, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Utter Pradesh, India.

Kafayat Olanrewaju,
Department of Economics, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.

Sunil Joshi,
Department of Finance, Sharda University, Greater Noida, UP, India.

Atul Sangal,
Department of General Management, Sharda University, Greater Noida, UP, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CTBEF-V9/article/view/11663