Extended viologens with various organic counterions are a type of ionic liquid crystal that combines the characteristics of ionic liquids and liquid crystals. We provide a set of extended viologens with similar features in this paper. The metathesis reaction of respective bis(4-alkoxyphenyl) viologen dichloride salts, which were prepared from the reaction of Zincke salt with the corresponding 4-n-alkoxyanilines, with lithium triflimide in methanol, yielded a series of bis(4-alkoxyphenyl) viologen bis(triflimide) salts with alkoxy chains of various lengths. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectra for 1H and 13C, as well as elemental analyses, were used to determine their chemical structures. Differential scanning calorimetry, polarised optical microscopy, and variable temperature X-ray diffraction were used to investigate their thermotropic liquid-crystalline (LC) characteristics. Crystal-to-liquid transitions were seen in salts with short alkoxy chains. Both crystal-to-SmA and SmA-to-isotropic transitions, Tms and Tis, were seen in salts of intermediate length alkoxy chains. Those with long alkoxy chains had lower Tms, which allowed them to form SmA phases that lasted until decomposition at high temperatures. In the temperature range of 330-370 C, they all showed outstanding thermal stabilities, as expected. In addition, their light-emitting capabilities in methanol were taken into account.
Pradip K. Bhowmik,
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Box 454003, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4003, USA.
Mohammed Kareem M. Al-Karawi,
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Box 454003, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4003, USA.
Shane T. Killarney,
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Box 454003, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4003, USA.
Erenz J. Dizon,
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Box 454003, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4003, USA.
Anthony Chang,
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Box 454003, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4003, USA.
Jongin Kim,
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Box 454003, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4003, USA.
Si L. Chen,
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Box 454003, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4003, USA.
Ronald Carlo G. Principe,
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Box 454003, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4003, USA.
Andy Ho,
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Box 454003, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4003, USA.
Haesook Han,
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Box 454003, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4003, USA.
Hari D. Mandal,
Department of Biology and Chemistry, Texas A & M International University, 5201 University Blvd., Laredo, TX 78041, USA.
Raymond G. Cortez,
Department of Biology and Chemistry, Texas A & M International University, 5201 University Blvd., Laredo, TX 78041, USA.
Bryan Gutierrez,
Department of Biology and Chemistry, Texas A & M International University, 5201 University Blvd., Laredo, TX 78041, USA.
Klarissa Mendez,
Department of Biology and Chemistry, Texas A & M International University, 5201 University Blvd., Laredo, TX 78041, USA.
Lewis Sharpnack,
Department of Earth Science, 1006 Webb Hall, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
Dena M. Agra-Kooijman,
Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA.
Michael R. Fisch,
College of Aeronautics and Engineering, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA.
Satyendra Kumar,
Division of Research, University at Albany, Albany, NY 12222, USA.
Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CTCB-V2/article/view/7130
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