Background: Antimicrobial drugs are any agents that work against microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. When bacteria or other microbes become resistant to the effects of a drug after being exposed to it, this is referred to as antimicrobial resistance. Bacterial species that are susceptible to a specific drug are naturally resistant. The term "acquired resistance" refers to species that were once sensitive but eventually became resistant to it. Many human illnesses are caused by bacteria and can be treated with appropriate antibiotics, which are mostly chosen based on culture and sensitivity. Antimicrobial resistance has spread throughout the world, affecting both inpatients and outpatients. We must all work together to preserve the power of antimicrobials so that they can be used effectively in disease treatment. The study's goal is to determine the prevalence of infection and the sensitivity pattern of bacterial pathogens in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: For one year, researchers at Vinayaka Missions Medical College and Hospital in Karaikal, Puducherry (U. T) studied the culture and sensitivity pattern of clinical isolates from blood, urine, sputum, wound, and ear/throat swab (June 2012- June 2013). The positive cultures and antibiotic susceptibility testing were carried out in accordance with the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines (CLSI). The lab data from the Microbiology department were used and entered into a proforma before being analyzed. Proteus (4.05 percent) and oli (3.71 percent ). Staphylococcus (35.47 percent) was the most common Gram positive organism (GPO). Imipenem (100%), Gentamycin (90.20%), and Amikacin (89.14%) were the antimicrobials most sensitive to GNO, while Ceftriaxone (100%), Cefotaxime (100%), Nitrofurantoin (96.15%), and Linezolid (92.13%) were the most sensitive to GPO. Resistance to Nalidixic acid (99 percent ), Ampicillin (85.90 percent ), and Cefuroxime (75 percent ) is seen in both groups, while resistance to Cefazolin (79.25 percent ) and Norfloxacin (83 percent ) was observed in GNO, and resistance to Amoxicillin with clavulanic acid (81.66 percent ) and Imipenem (55.55 percent ) was observed in GPO. Conclusion: Technical capabilities for detecting novel, resistant mechanisms and overcoming microbial resistance must be enhanced. Antibiotic policies developed in collaboration with clinicians, microbiologists, and pharmacologists will guide good prescribing, provide maximum coverage for treating infections, and ensure antibiotic cycling.
Author (S) Details
C. M. Divyashanthi
Department of Pharmacology, JIPMER, India
S. Adithiyakumar
Vinayaka Mission’s Medical College and Hospital, Keezhakasakudimedu, Karaikal-609609, Pondicherry (U. T), India.
N. Bharathi
Vinayaka Mission’s Medical College and Hospital, Keezhakasakudimedu, Karaikal-609609, Pondicherry (U. T), India.
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