A Mini-Review of the Relationship between Diet and Cancer Risk | Chapter 2 | An Overview of Disease and Health Research Vol. 8

 

Background: Despite significant advances in the basic research and clinical practice, treatments such as surgery and chemoradiotherapy have side effects. And the research on minimum food uptake to supplement curative roles in among critical chronic cancer cases using food and cancers are important, and has grown exponentially over the decades. Diet plays a major role in preventing many types of cancer and also in the supporting the intervention, thus it is very good to have a chapter on nutrition in cancer.

 

Objective: The purpose of this minireview is to summarize the relationship between various food and cancers.

 

Methods: The search strategy uses the keywords “cancer AND food consumption AND diet” in Title/Abstract part from 2014 to 2025 years in Pubmed papers written in English.

 

Results: This minireview summarized the latest findings on the relationship between various food and cancers including cancer incidence / mortality / treatment. The foods such as fermented foods benefit cancers, while ultra-processed foods worsen cancers. The cancers include breast cancer, lung cancer, gastrointestinal cancer, hepatocellular cancer, and obesity-related cancer so on. The mechanism of diet influencing gut microbiota related to cancer is that bioactive metabolites such as lactic acid from fermented foods may impact immune, metabolic status and disease severity.

 

Conclusion: Food can both prevent and cause cancer, and may either worsen or mitigate its progression. This minireview should help develop dietary strategies for public health regarding cancers.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Ying Yang
State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China and National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/aodhr/v8/6709

Therapeutic Efficacy of Different Drugs Combined with Ursodeoxycholic Acid for Canine Hepatic Dysfunction | Chapter 7 | Innovations in Biological Science Vol. 8

The present study aims to find the therapeutic efficacy of different drugs in combination with ursodeoxycholic acid to find an effective therapeutic protocol for canine hepatic dysfunction.

 

Liver dysfunction in dogs presents significant challenges to veterinary practice, with clinical symptoms ranging from modest to severe. The clinical manifestations of hepatic disorders are frequently nonspecific. Dogs with hepatic dysfunction may present with a number of clinical signs, including anxious symptoms such as polydipsia, polyuria, lethargy, ascites, jaundice, and nervous disorders. For the development of optimised treatment strategies, this study was conducted at the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, G.B.P.U.A. & T. Pantnagar, U.S. Nagar (Uttarakhand) from September 2021 to April 2022 in dogs diagnosed with hepatic dysfunction. The study involved a therapeutic trial on dogs with liver impairment. 18 dogs diagnosed with hepatic dysfunction were divided into three groups, i.e., B, C, and D. Each group received different therapeutic protocols, and changes in hematobiochemical profiles were observed and compared before and after treatment. Dogs in Group B received ursodeoxycholic acid, Group C received ursodeoxycholic acid and silymarin while Group D received ursodeoxycholic acid and L-ornithine L-aspartate. Haematological and biochemical parameters were evaluated at presentation and after 21 days of treatment. Ursodeoxycholic acid demonstrated efficacy in improving biochemical parameters, with additional benefits observed when combined with L-ornithine, L-Aspartate, or Silymarin. Group D exhibited the most significant improvement, suggesting the effectiveness of combination therapy. In this study, a combination of ursodeoxycholic acid and L-ornithine L-aspartate was found to be more effective as a therapeutic agent in canine hepatic dysfunction, followed by a combination of ursodeoxycholic acid and silymarin and ursodeoxycholic acid as an individual therapeutic agent.

 

These findings underline the importance of regular monitoring and appropriate therapeutics in managing hepatic dysfunction in dogs, with combination therapies offering enhanced recovery through hepatoprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. The study can contribute to the selection of good therapeutic medicines that can be used in combination with ursodeoxycholic acid in dogs with hepatic dysfunction.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Prashant Verma
Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand-263145, India.

Niddhi Arora
Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand-263145, India.

Jyoti Chanda Kalita
Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand-263145, India.

Amit Prasad
Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand-263145, India.

Meena Mriges
Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand-263145, India.

Anand Kumar Singh
Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Naini, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh- 211007, India.

Kalicharan Nayal
Department of Livestock Production Management, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand-263145, India.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/ibs/v8/1420

Variations in Milk's Nutritionally Important Organic Components Based on Simmental Cows' Energy Status | Chapter 5 | Research Perspective on Biological Science Vol. 6

 

The quality of milk intended for human consumption directly depends on maintaining the metabolic balance of cows. In high-yielding cows, the physiological and metabolic demands of pregnancy and lactation necessitate a specialised approach to nutrition and health management to maintain equilibrium between the animal’s nutritional needs and production capacity. This chapter presents an expanded analysis of the quality of milk from Simmental cows during the peripartal period, focusing on key biochemical parameters (proteins, fats, lactose, and urea) and their relationship with the cows' energy status.

 

Special emphasis was placed on evaluating interactions among these components to identify potential dietary imbalances, ensuring high nutritional quality of milk for human consumption while preventing metabolic disorders and reproductive issues in dairy cows.

 

In the production-reproduction cycle of dairy cows, the peripartal period and early lactation are the most critical phases for maintaining optimal health and physiological balance. During this transition, cows undergo significant metabolic adaptations and endocrine adjustments to shift from late gestation to peak lactation. This period is marked by a negative energy balance (NEB) and increased risk of metabolic disorders such as ketosis, hypocalcemia, and fatty liver syndrome, requiring careful management to ensure a successful transition and sustained productivity.

 

The study, conducted on 46 Simmental cows in early lactation, involved a detailed analysis of fat, protein, and urea concentrations using enzymatic and spectrometric methods. The fat, protein, lactose, and dry matter content were analysed using the Milkoscan device (series 130, type 10900, A/S, N.FOSS ELECTRIC) in the Eko-Lab D.O.O. laboratory in Belgrade. The concentration of urea in milk was determined using an enzymatic kinetic method with the VETSCREEN analyser at the Laboratory of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine in Belgrade. The findings confirm that the energy status of high-yielding dairy cows significantly influences production performance, reproductive efficiency, and overall health.

 

The study was conducted during July and August 2023 on ten farms in the municipality of Blace, involving a total of 46 Simmental cows in the early lactation phase (first 60 days). The cows were at various lactation stages, ranging from the first to the sixth, with an average daily milk yield of 22.5 litres.

 

This extended discussion highlights the practical value of monitoring biochemical milk parameters such as urea, total proteins, and fats as an effective diagnostic tool for assessing nutritional and metabolic status. Positive correlations between these components underscore the importance of balanced feeding strategies in optimizing milk quality and animal welfare.

 

Additionally, this chapter integrates recent perspectives on metabolic health management in dairy farming, offering an economical and scalable diagnostic approach suitable for farms of all sizes.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Goran Stojanović
Department of Agriculture and Food Technology Studies, Toplica Academy of Applied Studies, 1 Ćirila i Metodija St, 18400 Prokuplje, Republic of Serbia.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rpbs/v6/5920

 

Identification and Characterization of Isocitrate Lyase Genes in Amaranthus caudatus L. | Chapter 4 | Contemporary Research and Perspectives in Biological Science Vol. 11

Background: Isocitrate lyase is considered as an enzymatic indicator of a cycle diagram and occupy different functions in the plant cell metabolism. Isocitrate lyase (EC 4. 1 .3. 1) catalyzes the reaction isocitrate < glyoxylate + succinate and has been reported to be widely distributed.

Objective: The objective of this study was to identify Isocitrate lyase genes and to development the specific primers.

Methods: Research materials in this work were obtained and worked at the State University of Varonish, Russia for the period from 2017 to 2018. Using primers prefixes cloned of metamorphic genes Isocitratase lyase that were able to find the presence of two genes within the gene of Amaranthus namely (icl1, icl2), which come on mentioned later in relays products by the

polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Results: The results of this study showed the total RNA extract was two types of mRNA of Isocitrat lyase genes of the A. thaliana genes named ICl2 and ICl1. The presence of two genes icl1 and ICL2 in the Amaranthus genome showed the fragment of the ICl1 gene of arabidopsis was 53% fragmented of the icl2 gene is 447 bp long and its homology with the icl1 gene of arabidopsis was 36%. On the basis of sequences, specific to isocitrate lyase genes were developed, which made it possible to investigate their expression activityat the initial stages of Amaranthus development.

Conclusion: The results of this study concluded that the total RNA extract there are two types of mRNA of Isocitrate lyase genes shown in their symmetry with A. thaliana genes icl₂ and icl₁.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Saba Hadi
Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Mustansiryah University, Iraq.

 

Asseel M. M. Habh
Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Mustansiryah University, Iraq.

 

Alyaa Muhsin Yousif
Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Mustansiryah University, Iraq. 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crpbs/v11/4933

Role of Adiponectin in the Treatment of Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Other Metabolic Disorders | Chapter 11 | Disease and Health Research: New Insights Vol. 10

Adiponectin (APN) has been thoroughly investigated for its role in various human disorders. It is fascinating to note that this peptide plays an essential role as a therapeutic agent to cure a plethora of disorders. The aim of the study is to elucidate this peptide's applications and therapeutic potential of this peptide, demonstrating its involvement in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and other metabolic disorders. APN has been correlated with many ocular disorders and metabolic disorders. The localization and expression of APN in various tissues were the first markers of its local actions. Screening this peptide on a wider platform helps to confirm its application as a novel peptide in various diseases. Altered levels of APN have been well elucidated in the progression of metabolic disorders, and its targeted administration has resulted in combating dysregulation of biochemical and molecular pathways involved in disease pathology. A close association of oxidative stress is also known to contribute to the onset of retinal disorders. Among various treatments, APN has demonstrated a promising response in the context of wet AMD, however, further studies are required to fully elucidate its potential in humans.

 

Author (s) Details

Anusha Singh
Department of Zoology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India.

 

Nalini S Bora
Pat & Willard Walker Eye Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.

 

Puran S Bora
Pat & Willard Walker Eye Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/dhrni/v10/3201

 

Assessment of Bioequivalence Using Urinary Excretion Data: A Review | Chapter 11 | Pharmaceutical Research - Recent Advances and Trends Vol. 2

 

The present study highlights about assessment of bioequivalence using urinary excretion data. A rapid method for assessing the bioavailability of a drug is the use of urinary excretion data. This method is based on the principle that the urinary excretion rate of an unchanged drug is directly proportional to the plasma concentration of the drug. So, bioavailability can be calculated as the ratio of the total amount of unchanged drug in urine after administration of the test (T) and reference (R) formulations. Urine metabolite excretion data are not used to assess bioavailability since the drug undergoes metabolism in the body, anatomically and the rate of metabolism may vary for different reasons. This method applies to drugs that are excreted unchanged in the urine, e.g., some thiazide diuretics, sulfonamides, biguanides and drugs that act on the urinary tract, such as urinary antiseptics (nitrofurantoin and hexamine). It is concluded from this study that the formulations Glucophage and Metformin (tablets 850 mg) exhibit a similar elimination rate, which indicates a similarity in their bioavailability and bioequivalence. Based on this study, some drugs such as metformin can therefore be evaluated to simulate and predict absorption through urinary excretion data. Due to the high invasiveness of bioequivalence/bioavailability conventional studies, the prediction of absorption can be performed using the urinary excretion method. Furthermore, the urinary excretion methodology represents low costs, it is a less invasive method, and its throughput is viable when compared to the conventional method with blood samples.

 

Author(s)details:-

 

Eva Troja
Profarma SH.A. Pharmaceutical Industry, Tirana, Albania.

 

Leonard Deda
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine, Tirana, Albania.

 

Please See the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/prrat/v2/679

Optimizing Cancer Treatment: The Synergy of Multimodal Oncology | Chapter 5 | New Visions in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 9

 

This chapter is an attempt to offer some perspective on how to apply these disparate methodologies so that they may be more effectively integrated, resulting in consistently better clinical responses. The term “integrative oncology” can mean particular things to different audiences. For the purposes of this chapter, it is intended to mean the simultaneous use of multiple anti-cancer strategies that can have a synergistic effect against the tumor, its microenvironment, and its propensity to metastasize. Thereby, having a maximum impact against the cancer with a minimum of side effects for the patient to endure. This chapter provides a quick overview of the five most common evidence-based systematic techniques now in use, as shown in the sources. Although the efficiency of each of these strategies varies, in my experience, when they are combined therapeutically, the results are exponentially better, changing the focus from progression-free survival to the prospect of improved overall survival and long-lasting remission.

 

Author(s) Details:-

 

Jesse A. Stoff
Integrative Medicine of New York, 520 Franklin Ave Suite 230 Garden City, NY-11530, USA.

 

Please see the link here:-  https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/nvmms/v9/3803G

Heat Gain and Heat Loss: Metabolism, Physical Activity and Environmental Factors | Chapter 11 | Recent Updates in Disease and Health Research Vol. 1

This chapter defines heat gain and heat loss during metabolism and physical activity. The metabolic heat generated by a person increases as a function of the physical work performed. Metabolic heat can be estimated based on actual measurement of oxygen consumption of a worker, or estimated using detailed calculations and tabulations. Metabolism, physical activity, digestion, and environmental elements including high outside temperature, humidity, sun radiation, lack of shade, physical activity, clothing, indoor climate, and urban heat island effect all contribute to heat gain. Convection, radiation, evaporation, respiration, and conduction are the ways in which heat is lost.

Author(s) Details:

Manjari P.,
College of Veterinary Science, Proddatur, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Muralinath E.,
College of Veterinary Science, Proddatur, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Sravani Pragna K.,
College of Veterinary Science, Proddatur, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Kalyan C.,
College of Veterinary Science, Proddatur, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Tulasi Rukmini T.,
College of Veterinary Science, Proddatur, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Guru D. V. Pandiyan,
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India.

Guru Prasad M.,
Vaishnavi Microbial Pharma Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RUDHR-V1/article/view/13232

Study about Hypothyroidism as an Underdiagnosed Metabolic Disorder | Chapter 3 | Current Overview on Disease and Health Research Vol. 5

 The purpose of this study is to explain why the frequence of hypothyroidism appears to be significantly advanced than that reported in the medical literature. utmost hypothyroidism( low thyroid function) cases go undiagnosed because laboratory tests only identify the presence of thyroid hormone in the blood and can not tell us how important active hormone reaches the natural apkins that bear it for metabolism. The thyroid gland's primary part is to control metabolism. The primary hormone buried by the thyroid is thyroxine( T4), which is physiologically inactive. T4 has to be converted into its active form, triiodothyronine( T3), in order to ply its goods. The body's deiodinase enzymes, which are set up in cornucopia in the maturity of its apkins, catalyse this conversion. Reduced rudimentary metabolism and concurrent hypothyroidism do when inadequate T3 enters body cells. The physiological problem of low thyroid function constantly goes undetected by hormone blood tests. The physiological birth temperature test( BTT), still, is 100 percent accurate at relating hypothyroidism.

Author(s) Details:

David Rowland,
61 Sandstone Drive, Hanwell, New Brunswick, E3E 0C3, Canada.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CODHR-V5/article/view/8436

Control of Fatty Acid Oxidation by the Sympathetic Nervous System in the Diabetic Heart: Implications for Both Heart Failure and Cancer | Chapter 1 | Current Innovations in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 2

 Both diabetic cardiomyopathy and cancer are diseases that can be understood from an evolutionary perspective as maladaptive responses of tissues or organs to changes in the local environment. Diabetic cardiomyopathy is an example of diabetes, a stressor that causes adaptive to maladaptive phenotypic changes and thereby impairs function. Cancer represents a maladaptive re-expression of ancient pre-programmed traits that evolved hundreds of millions of years before multicellularity emerged. This trait shares many common pathways with the maladaptive phenotypes of heart failure and diabetes, many of which are in metabolic pathways. However, some of these may be in the β-adrenergic signaling pathway. Restoring the phenotype is the goal of therapy, and there is an opportunity to apply therapeutic insights from one disease to another. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1) offers such a possibility. Our study of CPT-1 in diabetic hearts has provided many new insights into the complex interplay between CPT-1 regulation and β-adrenergic signaling. In cancer, CPT-1 has emerged as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target for many cancers, including breast, prostate and colon cancers. Other new aspects of CPT-1 regulation have emerged from the oncology field. It is now known that splice variants of CPT-1A exist that translocate to the cell nucleus and function as epigenetic regulators. Therefore, the signaling networks elucidated in the diabetic heart may also find new therapeutic value in cancer. The human body cannot live without energy. By understanding the flow of energy and how to disrupt that flow, many effective and powerful treatments can be found for years to come.

Author(s) Details:

Vijay Sharma,
Department of Cellular Pathology, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, England and Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology and Institute of Life Course and Clinical Sciences, University of Liverpool, England.

John H. McNeill,
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CIMMS-V2/article/view/8214

Antidiabetic Effects of Metal Nanoparticles in Rodents| Chapter 2 | Challenges and Advances in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 6

 Diabetes Mellitus affects a lot of people worldwide. It is a metabolic condition that causes high blood glucose levels and is characterised by hyperglycemia as a result of either increased Insulin resistance or decreased Insulin production. Numerous studies have looked at the healing power of silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles on streptozotocin-induced diabetic animals. The use of metal nanoparticles in medical and natural applications is significant. Despite being a significant metal involved in numerous metabolic processes, little is known about how silver or silver nanoparticles (SNPs) affect glucose metabolism. The published findings from numerous studies show that diabetic animals treated with ZnONPs, Silver nanoparticles (SNPs), and Insulin have lower blood glucose levels.

Author(s) Details:

Marjan Assefi,
University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27403, USA.

Nadeem Kizilbash,
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad-45320, Pakistan.

Naila Mahmood,
Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Atta-ur-Rehman School of Applied Biosciences, National Universityof Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan.

Sohila Nankali,
Northcentral University, San Diego, CA, USA.

A. Nankali,
Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.

Gholamreza Abdi,
Department of Biotechnology, Persian Gulf Research Institute, Bushehr, 75169, Iran.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CAPR-V6/article/view/8090

A Healthy Balance of Homeostasis by Epigenetic Regulator SIRT1 May Prevent the Development of a Specific "Soil" that Supports Metabolic Disorders and Related Cancers| Chapter 5 | Current Overview on Disease and Health Research Vol. 4

 SIRT1 was found in 1979, however expanded interest in this protein didn't come until 20 years after the fact, when its overexpression was accounted for to broaden the life expectancy of yeast. From that point forward, a few examinations have shown the advantages of its expanded articulation in forestalling or deferring of numerous sicknesses.

As a histone deacetylase, SIRT1 is an epigenetic controller however has a few non-histone targets engaged with digestion, energy detecting pathways, circadian hardware, and fiery guideline. Unsettling influences in these interconnected cycles cause various illnesses, but they appear to have a typical root in the lopsidedness of provocative cycles and lower levels or inactivation of SIRT1.

SIRT1 inactivation has likewise been embroiled in the seriousness of COVID-19, and its low level has been viewed as an indicator of uncontrolled COVID-19. A few different sicknesses, like metabolic illness, heftiness, diabetes, Alzheimer's infection, cardiovascular sickness or discouragement, are related with constant irritation and comparatively show diminished SIRT1 level.

It has as of late become realized that SIRT1 can be inducible by calorie limitation/legitimate sustenance, actual work and proper profound state. To be sure, a better metabolic state is related with more significant levels of SIRT1 articulation. These recommend that a reasonable way of life as a non-pharmacological therapy might be a helpful device in the counteraction of irritation or metabolic aggravation related illnesses, and in clinical practice it tends to be essential for the correlative treatment to accomplish better remedial reaction and personal satisfaction.

In this audit we expected to connect the useful impacts of SIRT1 to illnesses where its levels are decreased. Also, we looked to gather proof for mediations or therapies that increment SIRT1 articulation, accordingly open the chance of involving them as preventive or correlative treatment in clinical practice.

Author(s) Details:

Zsuzsanna Nemeth,
Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest -1083, Hungary.

Eva Kiss,
Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Oncology Profile, Semmelweis University, Budapest - 1083, Hungary.

Istvan Takacs,
Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest -1083, Hungary.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CODHR-V4/article/view/8003

The Influence of High-Concentration Hydrogen-Rich Water for 24-Week on Body Composition, Blood Lipid Profiles, and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Men and Women with Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial | Chapter 1 | Current Topics on Chemistry and Biochemistry Vol. 4

 

 The epidemic of metabolic syndrome has spread to every country. Obesity, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia are linked to it. The aftereffects of this disorder raise mortality rates and the risk of cardiovascular and neurological conditions. In addition to disrupting cellular homeostasis, the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome is linked to dysregulation of redox and inflammatory state. It has been demonstrated that molecular hydrogen (H2) lowers oxidative stress, enhances cellular performance, and lowers chronic inflammation. Although H2-rich water (HRW) has been demonstrated in pre-clinical and clinical research to have positive effects on some aspects of the metabolic syndrome, it is unknown how long-term, high-concentration HRW would affect metabolic syndrome. 60 individuals with metabolic syndrome took part in a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled  Following a one-week initial observation period during which baseline clinical data were collected, participants were randomly assigned to receive either a placebo or high-concentration HRW (> 5.5 millimoles of H2 per day) for 24 weeks. In comparison to placebo, high-concentration HRW supplementation substantially decreased blood cholesterol and glucose levels, attenuated serum haemoglobin A1c, and enhanced inflammatory and redox homeostasis indicators (P 0.05). H2 also caused a considerable drop in blood pressure as well as a modest decrease in waist-to-hip ratio and body mass index. These findings support earlier research showing high-concentration HRW may have therapeutic effects in reducing risk factors for metabolic syndrome and its associated complications.

Author(s) Details:

Tyler W. Le Baron,
Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic and  Molecular Hydrogen Institute, Enoch, Utah, USA.

Ram B. Singh,
Hospital and Research Institute, Moradabad, India.

Ghizal Fatima,
Era Medical College, Lucknow, India.

Kumar Kartikey,
Hospital and Research Institute, Moradabad, India.

Jai P. Sharma,
Hospital and Research Institute, Moradabad, India.

Sergej M. Ostojic,
Applied Bioenergetics Lab, Faculty of Sport and PE, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia and  Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary.

Anna Gvozdjakova,
Pharmacobiochemical Laboratory of 3rd Medical Department, Medical Faculty, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia.

Branislav Kura,
Molecular Hydrogen Institute, Enoch, Utah, USA.

Mami Noda,
Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.

Viliam Mojto,
Third Internal Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.

Mohammad Arif Niaz,
Center of Nutrition Research, International College of Nutrition, Moradabad, India.

Jan Slezak,
Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CTCB-V4/article/view/7804

A Systematic Review on Metabolite Profiling in Anticancer Drug Development| Chapter 3 | Challenges and Advances in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 5

 

 Drug metabolism is one of the most significant pharmacokinetic processes and is essential to the creation of new medications. Because the metabolites generated may be beneficial for therapy or seriously harmful, it is crucial to examine the metabolite profile. The purpose of this systematic review is to provide an overview of the literature on the metabolite profiles of conventional drugs and compounds derived from herbs used in cancer chemotherapy. It also aims to investigate the factors that affect the metabolite profiles of these drugs and compounds and to establish the relationship between their therapeutic efficacy and toxicity. Up until January 2019, PubMed and ScienceDirect searches were used to conduct the literature review. It was shown that the four main factors of species, gender, medication delivery method, and dosage affected the production of metabolites. Some metabolites have been labelled as being dangerous or active. The development of anticancer medications and cancer treatment both benefit from knowing this knowledge.

Author(s) Details:

Nadda Muhamad,
Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.

Kesara Na-Bangchang,
Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand. Center of Excellence in Pharmacology and Molecular Biology of Malaria and Cholangiocarcinoma, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand and Drug Discovery and Development Center, Office of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CAPR-V5/article/view/7771

Vitamin D and Environmental Factors in Multiple Sclerosis: A Review | Chapter 13 | Current Overview on Disease and Health Research Vol. 1

An autoimmune disease with an unknown cause and poor treatment outcomes, multiple sclerosis (MS) has a high societal cost. It only makes sense that we look into the various factors (genetic, hormonal, and environmental) that play a role in the autoimmune process in order to better control the immune system's dysregulation given that the myelin destruction model, clinical manifestations, and therapeutic response potential in MS are all linked. Results from epidemiological and clinical investigations strongly imply that variations in vitamin D blood concentrations are connected to the degree of MS risk, the phases of remission and relapse, and gender differences in vitamin D metabolism. To achieve proper calcium metabolism, the blood vitamin D concentration should range from 50 to 80 nmol/l. The application of vitamin D in an ideally effective and safe dosage, a subset of MS patients who are suitable for vitamin D treatment, and the optimal vitamin D blood concentration necessary to regulate the aberrant immune response in MS patients are all discussed. Despite the fact that 17 years is a very short period of time to infer that the population's gene pool has altered, the MS prevalence rate in Bulgaria has doubled in that time. More investigation into potential connections between diverse environmental elements and their role in the development of illnesses is therefore both appropriate and necessary.

Author (s) Details:

Georgi S. Slavov,
Department of Neurology, Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CODHR-V1/article/view/7435

Targeting Adrenergic Receptors in Metabolic Therapies for Heart Failure: A Review | Chapter 1 | Current Practice in Medical Science Vol. 3

When the heart fails, it is unable to produce enough energy, leaving the body in an energy-starved state with reduced functioning. Numerous modifications to the metabolic pathways in the failing heart that result in a decrease in the oxidation of either glucose or fatty acid substrates have been found in studies. Diminished energy production is needed to mediate cardiac contraction as a result of this reduced oxidation, which results from abnormalities in mitochondrial activities and/or oxidative phosphorylation. Early-stage clinical studies have demonstrated that fatty acid oxidation inhibitors and antioxidants that target the mitochondria improve cardiac function during failure by increasing compensatory glucose oxidation. Adrenergic receptors (α₁ and β) are a crucial regulator of the sympathetic nervous system that controls heart function. Both β-AR blockers and α-_1A-AR agonists have potential therapeutic use in the treatment of heart failure. In addition to regulating inotropy and chronotropy, the heart's α¹- and β2-adrenergic receptors also regulate metabolic processes that have a positive impact on the heart. In this review, we highlight new research that show how metabolic pathways regulated by adrenergic receptors may be able to restore cardiac energetics to non-failing levels, suggesting potential treatment approaches.

Author(s) Details:

Dianne M. Perez,

The Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, US.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMS-V3/article/view/7379

Evaluating the Effects of 24-Week Intervention with High-Concentration Hydrogen-Rich Water on Body Composition, Blood Lipid Profiles and Inflammation Biomarkers in Individuals with Metabolic Syndrome | Chapter 18 | New Horizons in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 9

 The researchers want to see how HRW affects blood lipids, inflammation, oxidative stress, and glucose levels, as well as phenotypic alterations like body mass and waist-to-hip ratio. Molecular hydrogen (H2) has been shown to alleviate chronic inflammation, minimise oxidative stress, and enhance cellular function. Although preclinical and clinical research have demonstrated that H2-rich water (HRW) has promise benefits on particular characteristics of metabolic syndrome, the effects of long-term, high-concentration HRW in this common illness are still unknown. In 60 men and women with metabolic syndrome, we performed a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled experiment. After a one-week observation phase to obtain baseline clinical data, participants were randomly assigned to either placebo or high-concentration HRW (> 5.5 millimoles of H2 per day) over a 24-week period. Supplementing your diet  In comparison to placebo, high-concentration HRW lowered blood cholesterol and glucose levels, decreased serum haemoglobin A1c, and enhanced indicators of inflammation and redox homeostasis (P 0.05). Furthermore, H2 caused a small decrease in BMI and waist-to-hip ratio. Our data support the notion that high-concentration HRW might be a useful therapy for lowering metabolic syndrome risk variables.

Author(S) Details

Tyler W. LeBaron
Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic and Molecular Hydrogen Institute, Enoch, Utah, USA.

Ram B. Singh
Hospital and Research Institute, Moradabad, India.

Ghizal Fatima
Era Medical College, Lucknow, India.

Kumar Kartikey
Hospital and Research Institute, Moradabad, India.

Jai P. Sharma
Hospital and Research Institute, Moradabad, India.

Sergej M. Ostojic
Applied Bioenergetics Lab, Faculty of Sport and PE, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.

Anna Gvozdjakova
Comenius University Bratislava, Medical Faculty, Pharmacobiochemical Laboratory of 3rd Medical Department, Bratislava, Slovakia.

Branislav Kura
Molecular Hydrogen Institute, Enoch, Utah, USA.

Mami Noda
Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.

Viliam Mojto
Third Internal Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.

Mohammad Arif Niaz
Center of Nutrition Research, International College of Nutrition, Moradabad, India.

Jan Slezak
Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/NHMMR-V9/article/view/6914

Recent Trends in Ethylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether Research | Chapter 09 | New Innovations in Chemistry and Biochemistry Vol. 6

 Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (EGME) is a solvent that has a wide range of applications. The results of studies on EGME in humans and animals undertaken over the previous two decades are presented in this chapter. The documentation supports EGME's classification as a gonadotoxicant, with implications for haematological, oxidative state, apoptosis, inflammation, gene expression, and metabolism.

Author (S) Details

Oluwatoyin Adenike Adeyemo-Salami
Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/NICB-V6/article/view/5302

Determination of the Anti-diabetic Activity of Sphenostylis stenocarpa Seed Milk Extract in Alloxan-induced Diabetes Rats | Chapter 02 | Recent Developments in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 16

 Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterised by improper glucose, protein, and lipid metabolism. It's generally connected with glycosuria, or the discharge of too much sweet urine. The majority of anti-diabetes medicines are not only expensive, but they also come with a significant level of drug toxicity. The anti-diabetic effect of seed milk extract was investigated in Alloxan-induced diabetic rats in this study. For fifteen (15) days, alloxan-induced diabetic rats were given seed milk extract at concentrations of 100, 200, 300, and 400 mg/kg body weight orally. Animal experiments were also used to conduct the oral glucose tolerance test. The milk extract included modest amounts of flavonoids, isoflavones, saponin, tannin, phytosterol, lignin, and anthocyanidine, according to the phytochemical study. Sphenostylis stenocarpa seed milk was shown to be non-lethal in an acute toxicity test at a dose of 5000 kg/body weight. When compared to the control in an oral glucose tolerance test, the S. stenocarpa seed milk extract had the strongest reaction, similar to glibenclamide after 15 and 30 minutes of treatment. When diabetic rats were given normal saline and 0.3 mg/kg body weight of glibenclamide, the S. stenocarpa seed milk extract had the strongest blood glucose-lowering effect after day 15 of therapy (p 0.05). The seed milk extract of S. stenocarpa has anti-diabetic action similar to the reference medication glibenclamide, and the results of this investigation demonstrated that the seed milk extract had a time and concentration-dependent blood glucose-lowering impact.

 
Author(S) Details

Michael O. Nwankwo
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.

Innocent O. Ogbonna
Department of Microbiology, College of Science, Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria.

Etim, Esin Etim
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Westminster University, London, UK.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/RDMMR-V16/article/view/5232  

Rethinking Autoimmunity in Regenerative Medicine: A Review of Diabetic Treatment Options | Chapter 10 | Recent Developments in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 14

 T1DM is an autoimmune disease in which auto-reactive cytotoxic CD8+ T-cells destroy native pancreatic insulin-producing islet of Langerhans cells, resulting in a reduction in endogenous insulin levels. The goal of this chapter is to present a synopsis of recent breakthroughs that provide new perspectives on the future of autoimmunity as it relates to regenerative medicine and diabetes for the reader. Previously, stem cells were assumed to play a key part in the repopulation of damaged pancreatic cells, but new research shows that the regenerative ability of these insulin-producing cells persists many years after diagnosis. As a result, the focus moved from looking into repopulation approaches employing splenic or exogenous grafting stem cells to preventing future islet cell loss by auto-reactive cytotoxic CD8+ T-cells. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-) is thought to play a role in diabetic treatment choices, as there is evidence that TNF- can cause apoptosis in selectively autoreactive CD8+ T-cells. Furthermore, the next generation of ultrasensitive c-peptide assays revealed the true functional status of islet cells, concluding that the reduction in function happens over decades rather than months, as previously thought. Not only animals, but even diabetics, remain euglycemic for a long time after receiving mycobacterial adjuvants, according to studies. All of these ideas and discoveries pave the path for more clinical studies and the development of more effective diabetic treatment alternatives in the future.

Author(S) Details

Benjamin Borokhovsky
Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, USA.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/RDMMR-V14/article/view/4990