Bagasse to Bio-nanotech: Eco-friendly Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Saccharum officinarum with Promising Anti-aging Potential | Chapter 3 | Chemical and Materials Sciences: Research Findings Vol. 6

 

Background: Nanotechnology, a rapidly evolving field, deals with the manipulation of materials at the atomic and molecular levels within the size range of 1 to 100 nanometres. Nanotechnology finds applications across numerous scientific disciplines, including physics, chemistry, biology, and materials science. Saccharum officinarum is a lignocellulose material rich in cellulose and fibre, widely used in paper, packaging, textile, and construction industries.

 

Aim: The present study aims to synthesise eco-friendly and cost-effective silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the aqueous extract of Saccharum officinarum stem and to evaluate their potential anti-ageing activity for cosmetic and biomedical applications.

 

Methodology: This experimental study focuses on the green synthesis, characterisation, and biological evaluation of silver nanoparticles using plant-based reducing agents derived from Saccharum officinarum stem extract. The study was conducted in the PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Holy Cross College (Autonomous), Trichy. The aqueous extract of Saccharum officinarum stem (bagasse) was prepared and subjected to phytochemical screening, which confirmed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, anthraquinones, terpenoids, polyphenols, and glycosides. These biomolecules served as natural reducing and stabilising agents during the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The formation of AgNPs was visually indicated by a colour change from pale yellow to dark brown. Characterisation was carried out using UV–Visible Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDAX) to confirm nanoparticle formation, morphology, and elemental composition.

 

Results: The UV–Visible spectrum showed a distinct absorption peak at 477 nm, confirming the surface plasmon resonance of silver nanoparticles. SEM analysis revealed well-dispersed, uniformly distributed nanoparticles with smooth morphology, while EDAX confirmed the elemental purity of silver. The synthesised AgNPs exhibited notable anti-ageing potential, likely due to the synergistic antioxidant effects of phytochemicals present in the Saccharum officinarum extract.

 

Conclusion: The study successfully demonstrates a sustainable and green approach for synthesising silver nanoparticles using Saccharum officinarum stem extract. The biosynthesised AgNPs exhibit promising anti-ageing properties, making them suitable for incorporation into cosmetic formulations such as anti-ageing creams and skin treatments. This eco-friendly method aligns with green chemistry principles and holds potential for future applications in nanomedicine and cosmeceutical industries.

 

 

Author(s) Details

F. Janeeta Priya
PG & Research Department of Chemistry, Holy Cross College (Autonomous) (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Tiruchirappalli 620002, Tamil Nadu, India.

 

A. Leema Rose
PG & Research Department of Chemistry, Holy Cross College (Autonomous) (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Tiruchirappalli 620002, Tamil Nadu, India.

 

S. Vidhya
PG & Research Department of Chemistry, Holy Cross College (Autonomous) (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Tiruchirappalli 620002, Tamil Nadu, India.

 

A. Arputharaj
Department of Electronics, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous) (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Tiruchirappalli 620002, Tamil Nadu, India.

 

P. Aparna
PG & Research Department of Chemistry, Holy Cross College (Autonomous) (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Tiruchirappalli 620002, Tamil Nadu, India.

 

T.R. Amsica
PG & Research Department of Chemistry, Holy Cross College (Autonomous) (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Tiruchirappalli 620002, Tamil Nadu, India.

 

V. Motcha Rakkini

PG & Research Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, Holy Cross College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli 620002 Tamil Nadu, India.

 

Suresh Malakondaiah
Centre for Materials Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Selaiyur, Chennai 600073 Tamil Nadu, India.

 

M. Menakha
PG & Research Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, Holy Cross College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli 620002 Tamil Nadu, India.

 

S. Magdalin Sylvia
PG & Research Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, Holy Cross College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli 620002 Tamil Nadu, India.

 

K. Brindha
PG & Research Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, Holy Cross College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli 620002 Tamil Nadu, India.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cmsrf/v6/6717

Nanoparticles in Dentistry: Applications and Future Perspectives | Chapter 14 | Medical Science: Recent Advances and Applications Vol. 11

Nanoparticles have emerged as a transformative innovation in dentistry, offering unique physicochemical properties that enhance diagnostic, preventive, and therapeutic outcomes. Their high surface-to-volume ratio, antimicrobial activity, and ability to interact at the molecular level have enabled wide-ranging applications across restorative dentistry, endodontics, periodontics, implantology, and oral medicine. Silver, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, and calcium phosphate nanoparticles have shown promise in combating oral biofilms, preventing secondary caries, improving adhesion in restorative materials, and enhancing remineralisation of dental tissues. In implantology, nanoparticle coatings contribute to osseointegration and infection resistance, while in periodontics, nanocarriers facilitate targeted drug delivery and regenerative therapies. Despite these advances, challenges remain regarding biocompatibility, long-term stability, controlled release, and potential toxicity. Future research is expected to focus on smart nanoparticle systems with stimuli-responsive behaviours, multifunctional composites, and personalised nanodentistry tailored to individual patient needs. Overall, nanoparticles hold significant potential to revolutionize dental practice, improving both clinical efficacy and patient outcomes.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Ioana Stanciu
Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 4-12 Elisabeta Blvd, 030018, Bucharest, Romania

 

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msraa/v11/6349

 

Assessment of in vitro Antidiabetic Activity of Pterocarpus marsupium and Green Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Using Its Bark and Wood | Chapter 8 | Pharmaceutical Science: New Insights and Developments Vol. 1

Background: The growth of nanoparticles has a great footprint in recent years. There is increasing optimism that nanotechnology, as applied to medicine, will bring significant advances in the diagnosis and treatment of disease.

Objective: The objective of the study was to conduct a Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from aqueous extract of Pterocarpus marsupium bark and wood and its characterization. As well as an in vitro anti-diabetic study.

Methods: The study was conducted using instruments, Magnetic stirrer with hot plate, Magnetic bead, centrifuge (REMI), Shimadzu UV-visible spectrophotometer, IR spectrophotometer, Malvern Zeta size analyser, and scanning electron microscopy. The Pterocarpus marsupium bark and wood were collected from Palakkad, Kerala, India. Synthesis of Pterocarpus marsupium silver nanoparticles was done by drop-wise addition of 1 mM silver nitrate to Pterocarpus marsupium bark and wood extract. Characterization of synthesized nanoparticles was carried out by visual examination, UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, Poly dispersity index and Zeta value. In vitro anti-diabetic study for the synthesised silver nanoparticles was carried out by α-amylase inhibition assay.

Results: The result suggested that Pterocarpus marsupium exhibits good α- amylase inhibition under in vitro conditions The synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Pterocarpus marsupium extract was eco-friendly and cost-effective. Aqueous extract of Pterocarpus marsupium bark and wood extract were mixed with the aqueous solution of silver nitrate. The colour of the solution changes from yellow to brown colour due to the surface Plasmon resonance which is the primary confirmation for the formation of silver nanoparticles. The surface Plasmon band in the silver nanoparticles was found to be 431 nm. The FTIR study concluded that hydroxyl and carboxyl groups act as reducing and stabilizing agents and the phenolic group functions as a capping agent. The average particle size was found to be 148.5 nm. Its polydispersity index was 0.336 and zeta potential was measured and found to be -28 mV with the peak area of 100% intensity. This indicates that the formed nanoparticles were stable. The in vitro anti-diabetic study confirms that Pterocarpus marsupium has anti-diabetic activity. From the FTIR spectral analysis, it is concluded that the hydroxyl and carboxyl groups present may act as reducing and stabilizing agents and the phenolic group present may act as a capping agent.

Conclusion: Pterocarpus marsupium silver nanoparticles are found to be effective for anti-diabetic activity. The study found without using any chemical reagent as a stabilizing agent the silver nanoparticles are stable. Hence this cost-effective and eco-friendly method is highly promising for the future.

 

Author (s) Details

 

J Bagyalakshmi
Sri Ramakrishna Institute of Paramedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore, India.

 

H Haritha
Sri Ramakrishna Institute of Paramedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/psnid/v1/2456

Synthesis and Catalytic Activity of Dendrimer-Encapsulated Metal Nanoparticles for Environmental Remediation | Chapter 8 | Current Innovations in Chemical and Materials Sciences Vol. 6

A dendrimer with a water-soluble polyethylene glycol (PEG) core and peripheral hydroxyl groups was successfully synthesized. The dendrimer functioned in a dual capacity, serving as both a reducing and stabilizing agent during the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs). The characterization of both the dendrimer and the encapsulated nanoparticles involved techniques such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The Ag NPs obtained, encapsulated within the dendrimer, demonstrated notable catalytic efficacy in the reduction of aromatic nitro compounds, employing sodium borohydride (NaBH4) as the reducing agent. The kinetics of these reduction reactions were examined using a UV-Visible spectrophotometer. The results robustly affirm the efficiency of silver nanoparticles encapsulated within dendrimers as catalysts in the reduction of substituted aromatic nitro compounds.

Author(s) Details:

M. Sivagami,
Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632014, Tamil Nadu, India.

M. Jeevarathinam,
Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632014, Tamil Nadu, India.

D. Thirumalai,
Department of Chemistry, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkadu 632 115, Tamil Nadu, India.

I. V. Asharani,
Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632014, Tamil Nadu, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CICMS-V6/article/view/13532

Highlighting the Synergistic Approach against the Antibacterial and Antioxidant Responsiveness of Tartaric Acid-Capped Silver Nanoparticles | Chapter 11 | Advanced Concepts in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 4

 This phase outlines a streamlined one-cauldron synthetic approach for producing bright nanoparticles silver nanoparticles capped accompanying tartaric acid while maintaining a controlled diameter. Comprehensive description using UV/Vis and FTIR spectroscopy, SEM, DLS, and Zetasizer techniques was attended to unveil key properties of the nanoparticles. The note of a Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) band at 406 nm with 1.07 absorbance wholes confirmed successful combining. SEM images illustrated well-scattered, spherical particles, and the z-average breadth distribution in colloidal solution was persistent to be 79.20 nm, accompanying a surface charge of -28.2 mV. The antibacterial efficacy of the finished nanoparticles, both independently and as well fluoroquinolones (Ofloxacin, Sparfloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, and Gemifloxacin) and macrolides (Erythromycin and Azithromycin), were assessed against grandam-negative and gram-positive animals using the disc spread method. Antioxidant activity against the DPPH (1, 1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) was still evaluated by the standard assay form. Positive cooperative effects were noted, reinforcing the antibacterial activity of medicines against studied microorganisms. The study suggests the potential healing application of Tartaric acid-capped bright nanoparticles in combination with medicines. Additionally, the capped nanoparticles shown noteworthy antioxidant activity, signifying their versatility in biomedical sciences uses.

Author(s) Details:

Irshad Begum,
Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.

Sana Shamim,
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Dow College of Pharmacy (DCOP), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Karachi 75270, Pakistan.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ACPR-V4/article/view/13006

Effect of Tinospora Cordifolia Leaf Extract Concentrations on Optical and Photocatalytic Properties of Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles| Chapter 9 | New Frontiers in Physical Science Research Vol. 6

 Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have happened combined by way of green route utilizing Tinospora cordifolia (Giloe) leaf extract and studies of the ocular and photocatalytic features of combined white nanoparticles have been completed activity. The composition of AgNPs was resolved at various response occasions by UV-Vis spectrometer. The difference of piece content of combined AgNPs accompanying various concentrations of giloe extract was intentional and it is noticed that particle intensity increases accompanying the increase in the aggregation of giloe extract. The ocular band break strength of AgNPs was determined by utilizing Tauc’s connection and the difference of band breach strength accompanying the aggregation of plant extract was intentional. With the decrease in concentration of Giloi leaf extract, the ocular strength band break of AgNPs increases, that signifies a decrease in atom proportion. The green combined AgNPs operated as a good impetus for the depravity of Methylene Blue (MB) dye unprotected to seeable light. The MB dye disgraced to almost 90% inside 60 notes of uncovering opportunity.

Author(s) Details:

Suvankar Saha,
Department of Physics, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar, Assam-783370, India.

P. K. Mochahari,
Department of Physics, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar, Assam-783370, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NFPSR-V6/article/view/9215

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Azadirachta Indica and Tinospora Cordifolia Leaves Extracts- Their Optical and Photocatalytic Study| Chapter 5 | Research Aspects in Chemical and Materials Sciences Vol. 4

 Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have happened synthesised via green route utilizing two different plant extracts: Azadirachta indica (Neem) and Tinospora cordifolia (Giloe) leaves extracts. The composition of AgNPs has been noticed from the colour change of the solution and is further habitual by UV-Vis Spectroscopy. Optical properties of synthesized samples have happened carried out utilizing UV–VIS spectrophotometer. For Ag- A. indica NPs, the absorbance maximum occurs at 440 nm and the equivalent absorbance peak occurred at 345 nm in the case of Ag- T. cordifolia NPs. Optical band breach energy has existed estimated utilizing Tauc’s relation and differences of band gap strength at different opportunity intervals were analysed for the AgNPs samples able using Azadirachta indica (Neem) as well asTinospora cordifolia (Giloe) leaves extracts. Particle capacity has been establish to decrease with opportunity for Ag- A. indica NPs whereas piece size increases accompanying time for Ag- T. cordifolia NPs. The combined Ag NPs act as a incentive for the degradation of methylene vulgar (MB) dye under visible light. The portion of degradation was found expected 87.56% within 45 notes of exposure to apparent light.

Author(s) Details:

Suvankar Saha,
Department of Physics, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar, Assam-783370, India.

P. K. Mochahari,
Department of Physics, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar, Assam-783370, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RACMS-V4/article/view/8692

Silver Nanoparticles Used as a Paint Component that Lowers the Cross-Contamination Probabilities| Chapter 1 | Research Aspects in Chemical and Materials Sciences Vol. 4

 Paints are generally used to protect objects from the detrimental effects of weather, sunlight, and embellishment as well as for fear that metal constructions from rusting. The majority of paints are either oil- or water-located, and each has specific benefits. It maybe used as a hard, a liquid, or a gaseous aerosol. The increasing need to stop the spread of illnesses, that are mostly provoked by hazardous microbes, has currently increased the demand for new antimicrobial paints. The term "antimicrobial supplement" refers to a substance that can prevent or resist the growth of hazardous microorganisms. In this regard, several main considerations concede possibility be taken into report when choosing antimicrobial additives for paints. These concerns include the strength to achieve a general of microbial control, antimicrobial efficiency, a low allotment of antimicrobial additive, ease of management, quick and long-acting, movement capability, chemical cohesion, cost-effectiveness, and upholding the properties of the amount and its constituent parts. Edible coatings offer a special chance to manage microbiological and oxidative changes in human ready-to-bite food commodity, so it is important to choose the right reliable materials and alive agents each situation. It is crucial to use many antimicrobial elements, such as bright and zinc ions, during the whole of the production process to make established paints resistant to pathogenic microorganisms. Silver is a electronics that is usual around the world, exceptionally in its nano-piece form, due to allure versatility for use in a wide difference of materials and uses and its general performance. This long-lasting situation reduces discoloration and material decay on whatever surface it is used to by providing a generally effective armament against harmful fungi, microorganisms, and viruses. These antimicrobial paints (APs) can be secondhand in places including nursing homes, schools, care facilities, kitchens, dentists and veterinary offices, and drink manufacturing plants that harbor pathogenic microorganisms. To weaken the potential of cross-contamination, APs maybe applied on contact surfaces inside these environments, to a degree door handles, light switches, tile, elevator buttons, and bathrooms. This work aims to climax the antimicrobial mechanisms of additive silvery nanoparticles to paints for reducing the risk of cross-adulteration.

Author(s) Details:

Rawia Mansour,
Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), 1 Elzhoor Region, P.O.Box 11727, Cairo, Egypt.

Ali Mohamed Elshafei,
Department of Microbial Chemistry, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (Former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza, P.O.Box 12622, Egypt.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RACMS-V4/article/view/8688

Application of Medicinal Plant Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles on Seedling Growth and Antimicrobial Efficacy- A Holistic Approach | Chapter 2 | Current Innovations in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 4

 From collected leaf extracts of the plants Oldenlandia corymbosa, Euphorbia heterophylla, Heliotropium indicum, and Leonurus sibiricus, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were created. By using UV-VIS spectroscopy, a PSA, and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, the synthesised AgNPs were verified and described. We looked examined how AgNPs affected the vigna radiata seedling evaluation and the effectiveness of pathogenic bacterial species' antibacterial defences. Compared to control seeds, seeds treated with concentration-varying manufactured AgNPs demonstrated a greater activity for seedling growth at 0.6 gm/mL concentration. Furthermore, at a dosage of 75 g/mL, bactericidal activity was greater against Gram-negative bacteria than against Gram-positive bacteria. Thus, biobased nano-treated seeds were employed in place of chemical fertilisers to expose seedlings in agricultural areas, reducing environmental risks and enhancing a sustainable agricultural ecosystem. Additionally, silver nano made in these labs from biobased materials is utilised to stop the spread of dangerous microorganisms.

Author(s) Details:

Sk Md Abu Imam Saadi,
Department of Biological Sciences, Aliah University, IIA/27, New Town, Kolkata-700160, West Bengal, India.

Sk Saruk Islam,
Department of Zoology, Raja N.L. Khan Women's College, Midnapore, West Bengal-721102,                  India.

Amal Kumar Mondal,
Department of Botany and Forestry, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore-721102, West Bengal,                  India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CIMMS-V4/article/view/8391

Antidiabetic Effects of Metal Nanoparticles in Rodents| Chapter 2 | Challenges and Advances in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 6

 Diabetes Mellitus affects a lot of people worldwide. It is a metabolic condition that causes high blood glucose levels and is characterised by hyperglycemia as a result of either increased Insulin resistance or decreased Insulin production. Numerous studies have looked at the healing power of silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles on streptozotocin-induced diabetic animals. The use of metal nanoparticles in medical and natural applications is significant. Despite being a significant metal involved in numerous metabolic processes, little is known about how silver or silver nanoparticles (SNPs) affect glucose metabolism. The published findings from numerous studies show that diabetic animals treated with ZnONPs, Silver nanoparticles (SNPs), and Insulin have lower blood glucose levels.

Author(s) Details:

Marjan Assefi,
University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27403, USA.

Nadeem Kizilbash,
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad-45320, Pakistan.

Naila Mahmood,
Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Atta-ur-Rehman School of Applied Biosciences, National Universityof Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan.

Sohila Nankali,
Northcentral University, San Diego, CA, USA.

A. Nankali,
Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.

Gholamreza Abdi,
Department of Biotechnology, Persian Gulf Research Institute, Bushehr, 75169, Iran.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CAPR-V6/article/view/8090

Silver Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery System in Combating Infections and Cancer | Chapter 14 | Challenges and Advances in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 4

Despite advancements in medical and pharmaceutical sciences, chemotherapy still presents a significant challenge in treating a variety of infectious illnesses that pose a major threat to life. Most drugs have a high level of toxicity, which results in a number of side effects and a decreased quality of life. The use of traditional microbicidal medicines to treat infections has been associated with poor therapeutic index, constrained drug absorption, the emergence of multiple drug resistance, and unfavourable systemic side effects. Antimicrobial silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have become recognised as a strong and effective agent against infection because of their extremely tiny regulated sizes, large surface area, and better reactivity with active functional structures. After exposure, AgNPs attach to cells and enter the cells. They release reactive oxygen species (ROS), which damage membranes and deoxyribonucleic acids (DNAs), cause oxidative stress, protein malfunction, and alteration of signal transduction pathways. When a medicine is given into the body using AgNPs as the drug delivery vehicle, the surface-ligand coating ensures a prolonged drug release with fewer adverse effects. The primary focus of this review is on the synthesis, surface functionalization, mechanism of action, biomedical applications, therapeutic efficacies, toxicity, biodistribution, and elimination of AgNPs as potential nanomedicinal drug delivery systems for targeted therapy against infections and cancer.

Author (s) Details:

Ardhendu Kumar Mandal,
Central Instrumentation Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CAPR-V4/article/view/7523

A Novel Photosynthesis of Carboxymethyl Starch-Stabilized Silver Nanoparticles: Experimental Investigation | Chapter 06 | Innovations in Science and Technology Vol. 4

 For the first time, the water soluble photoinitiator (PI) 4-(trimethyl ammonium methyl) benzophenone chloride was employed to make silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Biosynthesis is another environmentally friendly way to make AgNPs. The PI/UV system, carboxymethyl starch (CMS), silver nitrate, and water were used in a new green synthesis technique. A mechanism was proposed for the reduction of silver ions to AgNPs using the PI/UV system as well as freshly formed aldehydic groups. UV-vis spectra and TEM of AgNPs colloidal solution were used to evaluate the synthesis process. CMS, PI, and AgNO3 concentrations of 10 g/L, 1 g/L, and 1 g/L, respectively; 40°C; 60 min; pH 7; and a material : liquor ratio of 1 : 20 yielded the greatest absorbance. The AgNPs were found to be stable in aqueous solution for three weeks at room temperature (25°C) and exhibit a round shape morphology. The diameters of produced AgNPs ranged from 1 to 21 nm, with the highest counts percent for particles measuring 6–10 and 1–3 nm, respectively.

Author(S) Details

Manal A. El-Sheikh
National Research Centre, Textile Industries Research Institute, El-Behouth Street, Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622, Egypt and Chemistry Department, College of Science and Arts, AlQurayyat, Jouf University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/IST-V4/article/view/5559

Study of Developmental and Immunogenic Consequences of Silver Nanoparticles in Drosophila | Chapter 11 | New Visions in Biological Science Vol. 4

'Silver' is a magical metal that has been a part of human history since the dawn of humanity. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have become more popular in pharmaceutical and consumer applications due to their potent antimicrobial properties. AgNPs' organismal toxicity is well documented, despite their widespread use in consumer items. As a result, the current work used Drosophila melanogaster as a model system to investigate the developmental and immunogenic responses of laboratory produced AgNPs. The current study used Drosophila as a model system to investigate the complete characterisation of AgNPs in order to better understand their biological repercussions, including genetic, chromosomal, and developmental biological endpoints. PVP-coated AgNPs were produced in the lab and characterised for size, shape, and surface morphology. AgNPs had dose-dependent impacts on numerous biological processes due to their direct interaction with amines. Male mate preference was found to be negatively affected by doses greater than 0.1 mM in terms of life cycle, fecundity, longevity, and courting behaviour. AgNPs were also observed to influence injury-induced melanogenesis in larvae, implying a damaged innate immune system as well as the melanin synthesising pathway. The absence of melanization was observed in adults as well. These findings show that AgNP has developmental and immunogenic effects in Drosophila, one of the most well-studied animal models.

Author(S) Details

Kanchan A. Phatak
Department of Zoology, Nowrosjee Wadia College, Pune-411001, India..

Pawan Kumar Khanna
Department of Applied Chemistry, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DIAT), Girinagar, Pune-411025, India

Bimalendu B. Nath
Stress Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune-411007, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/NVBS-V4/article/view/4303

Advanced Study on Antioxidant Properties of Silver Nanoparticles Biosynthesized from Methanolic Leaf Extract of Blighia sapida | Chapter 7 | New Approaches in Engineering Research Vol. 4

 The use of microorganisms, enzymes, or plant extracts in the synthesis of nanoparticles has been proposed as an ecofriendly alternative to chemical and physical methods that involve the use of harmful reducing agents. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using a green approach from methanolic leaf extract of Blighia sapida in the current study. UV-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and Scanning Electron Microscopy were used to characterize the synthesized AgNPs (SEM). The antioxidant activity of the synthesized AgNPs was assessed using the DPPH radical scavenging assay, total reductive potential, total phenolics content (TPC), and total flavonoids content (TFC). The size of the synthesized silver nanoparticles ranged from 50 to 70 nm, with maximum UV-vis absorbance at 413 nm, according to SEM analysis. Radical scavenging activity of DPPH, reducing power, total phenolic and total flavonoid content When compared to ascorbic acid, the standard reference, the content of the synthesized AgNPs increased in a dose-dependent manner. This finding confirmed that Blighia sapida is a viable biomaterial for the production of AgNPs, which can then be used to boost antioxidant activity. This study sheds light on the use of Blighia sapida leaf as a good source of naturally occurring antioxidants, which could be useful as a therapeutic agent in the prevention or treatment of oxidative stress-related diseases.

Author (S) Details

Dr. A. O. Akintola
Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, Ogbomoso, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Nigeria.

Mr. B. D. Kehinde
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.

Dr. P. B. Ayoola
Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, Ogbomoso, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Nigeria.

Dr. A. G. Adewoyin
Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, Ogbomoso, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Nigeria.

O. T. Adedosu
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.

J. F. Ajayi
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.

Mr. S. B. Ogunsona
Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, Ogbomoso, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Nigeria.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NAER-V4/article/view/1883

Preparation of Silver Nanoparticles from Synthetic and Natural Sources: Remediation Model for PAHs | Chapter 1 | Recent Developments in Engineering Research Vol. 10

 With a growing appetite for the applicability of metal nanoparticles in different areas such as electronics, catalysis, chemistry, energy and medicine, the advent of nanoscience and technology is gaining prominence. Wet chemical techniques typically synthesise metallic nanoparticles, where the chemicals used are most frequently poisonous and flammable. In this work, an attempt is made to compare the efficacy of two separate methods of synthesis and each method for the remediation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). In this respect, silver nanoparticles are prepared using garlic plant extract using the green and wet chemical process (Allium sativum). During synthesis, the extract is known to reduce the metal and functions as a stabilising ligand. These synthesised silver nanoparticles (Agp) and (AgW) were applied as adsorbents in experiments in synthetic batch mode at various pH and temperature parameters. At fixed dosages of 1 mg/Kg of adsorbent, a concentration of 0.01 mg/L of Phenanthrene, Anthracene and Pyrene was induced. The UV-Visible spectrophotometer was used to evaluate the residual concentration of each PAH. The results showed that both adsorbents adopt the Phenanthrene>Pyrene>Anthracene sequence with optimal removal in each case of more than 85 percent. Agp adsorbent, displaying 3, 3 and 11 orders of magnitude greater efficiency than Agw, achieves a distinctive privilege. More functional groups in the plant extract involved in the binding of PAH to the surface can be attributed to it. FTIR, SEM and EDX were used to characterise each synthesised adsorbent. The average size of the particle was estimated to be between 13-26 nm. The current study provides an easy and convenient method of nano-sized particle synthesis by using low-cost and non-hazardous sodium hydroxide as a reducing agent rather than toxic sodium borohydride. The study concludes that alternative economic and green adsorbents are used to regulate polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The study advises the use of alternative green and economical natural adsorbents to regulate polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).

Author (s) Details

Maryam Abbasi
Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, The Mall Rawalpindi, 46000, Pakistan.

Fatima Saeed
Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, The Mall Rawalpindi, 46000, Pakistan.

Prof. Dr. Uzaira Rafique
Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, The Mall Rawalpindi, 46000, Pakistan.

View Book :- https://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/370