Despite advancements in medical and pharmaceutical sciences, chemotherapy still presents a significant challenge in treating a variety of infectious illnesses that pose a major threat to life. Most drugs have a high level of toxicity, which results in a number of side effects and a decreased quality of life. The use of traditional microbicidal medicines to treat infections has been associated with poor therapeutic index, constrained drug absorption, the emergence of multiple drug resistance, and unfavourable systemic side effects. Antimicrobial silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have become recognised as a strong and effective agent against infection because of their extremely tiny regulated sizes, large surface area, and better reactivity with active functional structures. After exposure, AgNPs attach to cells and enter the cells. They release reactive oxygen species (ROS), which damage membranes and deoxyribonucleic acids (DNAs), cause oxidative stress, protein malfunction, and alteration of signal transduction pathways. When a medicine is given into the body using AgNPs as the drug delivery vehicle, the surface-ligand coating ensures a prolonged drug release with fewer adverse effects. The primary focus of this review is on the synthesis, surface functionalization, mechanism of action, biomedical applications, therapeutic efficacies, toxicity, biodistribution, and elimination of AgNPs as potential nanomedicinal drug delivery systems for targeted therapy against infections and cancer.
Ardhendu Kumar Mandal,
Central Instrumentation Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, India.
Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CAPR-V4/article/view/7523
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