Designing Nanoparticle-based Drug Delivery Systems for Precision Medicine | Chapter 18 | Diagnostic and Treatment Advances in COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2

Traditional drugs are facing bottlenecks of lower solubility, absorption, and especially the inefficient organs or cells targeting during the precision medicine era. It is urgently needed to discover and establish new methods or strategies to modify old drugs or create new ones against the above defects. With the support of nanotechnology, the solubility, absorption and targeting of traditional drugs were greatly improved by modifying and fabricating with various types of nanoparticles to some extent, though many shortages remain. In this mini-review we will focus on advances in several most commonly used nanoparticles, from their nature and design, to drug delivery system and clinical application, that they overcome heterogeneous barriers in precision medicine, thereby ultimately improve patient outcome overall.

Author(s) Details:

Jianhua Yang,
Department of Orthopaedics, Longgang District People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518172, China.

Chengyou Jia,
Shanghai Research Center for Thyroid Diseases, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.

Jianshe Yang,
Shanghai Research Center for Thyroid Diseases, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China and Health and Life Science College, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/DTACSC/article/view/9570

A Review on Metallic Nanoparticles: A Noble Approach on Drug Delivery System | Chapter 7 | Advanced Concepts in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 1

 Over ancient times few years, diagnosis and situation of various afflictions have become a significant challenge on account of drug resistance, weak bioavailability, drug toxicity and high medication costs. Maximum drugs are hydrophobic in character, and their efficacy depends on the route of presidency. Hence, finding a new drug delivery method is essential for improving drug absorbability, pharmacokinetics, metabolism, metabolic effect event, and minimizing toxicity. These days, the use of nanotechnology, such as nanoparticle nanomaterial, leaves a golden trail in the fitness sector. Nanomaterials vary from bulk materials of the alike composition due to their unique physicochemical features, in the way that their small size, high surface extent to mass percentage, and high reactivity. Nanoparticles (NPs) are detached into categories established shape, size, nature, and arrangement like metallic nanoparticles (MNPs), porous nanoparticles, mesoporous nanoparticles, element nanotubes etc. Various metals and nonmetals, like silver, golden, silicon, and calcium phosphate, are used in nanoparticle preparation for anticancer, antagonistic-microbial, bone conversion etc. Not only the biomedical sector, metallic nanoparticle further has primary functions in textiles, the farming industry etc. The disadvantage of metallic nanoparticles is that they are prepared by poisonous chemicals and demand high energy. Some MNPs again posses has various toxicities. The alternative way to prepare golden nanoparticles is using by plants, bacteria and fungi. Green combining is a promising habit that allows low strength and low cost accompanying less toxicity. This review gives an overview of metallic nanoparticles secondhand in drug delivery plans.

Author(s) Details:

Debajit Dewan,
Bharat Technology, Beltala, Uluberia, Howrah, West Bengal, Pin-711316, India.

Parag Ghosh,
School of Pharmacy, The Neotia University, Jhinga, Sarisa, Diamond Harbour Road, 24 Parganas (South), West Bengal, Pin–743368, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ACPR-V1/article/view/12078

Silver Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery System in Combating Infections and Cancer | Chapter 14 | Challenges and Advances in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 4

Despite advancements in medical and pharmaceutical sciences, chemotherapy still presents a significant challenge in treating a variety of infectious illnesses that pose a major threat to life. Most drugs have a high level of toxicity, which results in a number of side effects and a decreased quality of life. The use of traditional microbicidal medicines to treat infections has been associated with poor therapeutic index, constrained drug absorption, the emergence of multiple drug resistance, and unfavourable systemic side effects. Antimicrobial silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have become recognised as a strong and effective agent against infection because of their extremely tiny regulated sizes, large surface area, and better reactivity with active functional structures. After exposure, AgNPs attach to cells and enter the cells. They release reactive oxygen species (ROS), which damage membranes and deoxyribonucleic acids (DNAs), cause oxidative stress, protein malfunction, and alteration of signal transduction pathways. When a medicine is given into the body using AgNPs as the drug delivery vehicle, the surface-ligand coating ensures a prolonged drug release with fewer adverse effects. The primary focus of this review is on the synthesis, surface functionalization, mechanism of action, biomedical applications, therapeutic efficacies, toxicity, biodistribution, and elimination of AgNPs as potential nanomedicinal drug delivery systems for targeted therapy against infections and cancer.

Author (s) Details:

Ardhendu Kumar Mandal,
Central Instrumentation Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CAPR-V4/article/view/7523