Vitiligo and Autoimmune Thyroid Disorders: Is There Any Correlation? | Chapter 8 | Recent Updates in Disease and Health Research Vol. 1

Background: Within the landscape of rising skin disorders, a substantial portion is rooted in autoimmune etiology, often showcasing manifestations of systemic pathologies. This chapter explores the intricate association between autoimmune thyroid disorders and Vitiligo, a skin condition marked by progressive melanocyte loss.  Emphasis is placed on elucidating the prevalence of thyroid autoantibodies in vitiligo patients, specifically Anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO Ab) and antithyroglobulin (anti-TG Ab) Antibodies. 

Research Methodology: A comprehensive hospital-based case-control study encompassing 60 participants was conducted to unravel the complex relationship between thyroid autoimmunity and dermatological disorders, such as psoriasis, melasma, atopic dermatitis, and Vitiligo.  Noteworthy findings indicate a robust association between autoimmune thyroid disorders and Vitiligo, with elevated thyroid Antibody levels observed in vitiligo cases compared to controls.

Key Results: The prevalence of autoimmune thyroid disease in vitiligo patients surpasses that of the general population, underscoring the imperative for systematic screening and heightened awareness.  In-depth biochemical analyses unveil significant disparities in thyroid hormone profiles and Antibody levels between vitiligo cases and controls, hinting at a potential role of thyroid dysfunction in the etiopathogenesis of Vitiligo.

Conclusion and Implications: This chapter contributes substantively to the burgeoning body of evidence supporting the nexus between autoimmune thyroid disorders and Vitiligo.  Exploring underlying mechanisms and shared genetic factors is a foundation for informed clinical practices.  The insights from this study pave the way for enhanced patient care and the development of tailored treatment strategies for those navigating the complexities of coexisting autoimmune conditions.  The imperative of early detection and management of thyroid autoimmunity in vitiligo patients is emphasized, offering practical guidance to healthcare professionals engaged in the nuanced care of individuals grappling with autoimmune skin disorders.

Author(s) Details:

Praveen Prashant,
Department of Biochemistry, Pt BD Sharma PGIMS Rohtak, Haryana, India.

Usha Kataria,
Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, BPS GMC for Women Khanpur Kalan, Sonepat, Haryana, India.

Sonia Vashist,
Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Tripti Hospital, Rohtak, Haryana, India.

Piyush Bansal,
Department of Biochemistry, BPS GMC for Women Khanpur Kalan, Sonepat, Haryana, India.

Abhishek Bansal,
Department of Biochemistry, Pt BD Sharma PGIMS Rohtak, Haryana, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RUDHR-V1/article/view/13216

A Review on the Interaction between Neuroendocrinology and Immunology: Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid Axis in Immunoendocrinology | Chapter 5 | Cutting Edge Research in Biology Vol. 5

 Immunoendocrinology is a novel region that focuses on the connection 'tween the neurological, endocrine, and immunological plans. It is the study of interactions between neuroendocrinology and immunology. The interplays between sexuality- and stress-steroids are also complicated in a neuroendocrine-immunological sexual dimorphism. Homeostasis, incident, aging, absorption, infection, and inflammation are all affected by the crosstalk 'tween these systems by way of hormones, cytokines, and neurotransmitters. The nervous system influences the immune whole through either the hypothalamus-pituitary axes (adrenal, gonadal, thyroid, growth-hormone), neuropeptide and birth control method signals or through autonomic central nervous system signals of norepinephrine and acetylcholine. The immune order, on the other hand, supplies feedback by way of cytokine type and concentration in the blood. Any of these wholes that is in another direction balance increases the severity of metabolic, insane, inflammatory, or autoimmune ailments. These two systems, neuroendocrinology and immunology, are complex in and of themselves, and even more so when they communicate. As a result, the relationship between the invulnerable system and the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid hinge must be examined.

Author(s) Details:

Landys Z. Guo,
College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CERB-V5/article/view/9796

Study about Hypothyroidism as an Underdiagnosed Metabolic Disorder | Chapter 3 | Current Overview on Disease and Health Research Vol. 5

 The purpose of this study is to explain why the frequence of hypothyroidism appears to be significantly advanced than that reported in the medical literature. utmost hypothyroidism( low thyroid function) cases go undiagnosed because laboratory tests only identify the presence of thyroid hormone in the blood and can not tell us how important active hormone reaches the natural apkins that bear it for metabolism. The thyroid gland's primary part is to control metabolism. The primary hormone buried by the thyroid is thyroxine( T4), which is physiologically inactive. T4 has to be converted into its active form, triiodothyronine( T3), in order to ply its goods. The body's deiodinase enzymes, which are set up in cornucopia in the maturity of its apkins, catalyse this conversion. Reduced rudimentary metabolism and concurrent hypothyroidism do when inadequate T3 enters body cells. The physiological problem of low thyroid function constantly goes undetected by hormone blood tests. The physiological birth temperature test( BTT), still, is 100 percent accurate at relating hypothyroidism.

Author(s) Details:

David Rowland,
61 Sandstone Drive, Hanwell, New Brunswick, E3E 0C3, Canada.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CODHR-V5/article/view/8436

Thyroid Disease as a Professional Hazard

Workers in the fields of radiation oncology, radiology, cardiology, neurology, doctors, and other paramedical professionals run the danger of being exposed to radiation since the thyroid gland generates thyroid hormones that regulate the body's metabolism. Hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, and auto-immune thyroid disease are among the thyroid conditions caused by radiation. Even in lengthy follow-up studies, cancer has not been linked to occupational exposure. Due to the infrastructure of the health care system in developed nations, radiation-induced thyroid illness is a growing professional risk. Thyroid shield can be used to avoid this risk. The occupational limits of radiation exposure for healthcare personnel are controlled by several organisations and are closely monitored. Thyroid peroxidase is now being studied to develop it as a marker for thyroid damage brought on by radiation. Since the thyroid gland plays a role in maintaining body homeostasis, further research should be conducted by enlisting more healthcare professionals in order to provide guidelines for preventing thyroid exposure and developing therapy guidelines based on early stage signs.

Author(s) Details:

Abhishek Soni,

Department of Radiation Oncology, Pt. BDS, PGIMS, Rohtak, India.

Sunder Singh,

Department of Radiation Oncology, Pt. BDS, PGIMS, Rohtak, India.

Monica Verma,

Department of Biochemistry, Pt. BDS, PGIMS, Rohtak, India.

Ashok Chauhan,

Department of Radiation Oncology, Pt. BDS, PGIMS, Rohtak, India.

Vivek Kaushal,

Department of Radiation Oncology, Pt. BDS, PGIMS, Rohtak, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ETDHR-V8/article/view/7240

A Case Report of Thyroid Aplasia Misdiagnosed as Failure to Thrive | Chapter 3 | Highlights on Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 13

 The most prevalent cause of congenital hypothyroidism is thyroid aplasia, which is a type of thyroid dysgenesis. One of the most avoidable causes of mental impairment is congenital hypothyroidism. Because of the delay in diagnosis, despite its crippling effect on intellectual development, diagnosing congenital hypothyroidism is difficult in our context. We present a 10-year-old girl who was treated for failure to thrive in the first year of her life due to acyanotic congenital heart disease, but was later diagnosed with congenital hypothyroidism after additional screening (thyroid aplasia). She's been on Levo thyroxine since then, and her linear development has been spectacular, but she's had substantial cognitively damage.

Author (S) Details

I. O. Oluwayemi
Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.

E. O. Adeniji
Department of Paediatrics, College of Health Science, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Osogbo, Nigeria.

T. O. Ayeni
Department of Paediatrics, LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/HMMR-V13/article/view/1542