A Review on the Interaction between Neuroendocrinology and Immunology: Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid Axis in Immunoendocrinology | Chapter 5 | Cutting Edge Research in Biology Vol. 5

 Immunoendocrinology is a novel region that focuses on the connection 'tween the neurological, endocrine, and immunological plans. It is the study of interactions between neuroendocrinology and immunology. The interplays between sexuality- and stress-steroids are also complicated in a neuroendocrine-immunological sexual dimorphism. Homeostasis, incident, aging, absorption, infection, and inflammation are all affected by the crosstalk 'tween these systems by way of hormones, cytokines, and neurotransmitters. The nervous system influences the immune whole through either the hypothalamus-pituitary axes (adrenal, gonadal, thyroid, growth-hormone), neuropeptide and birth control method signals or through autonomic central nervous system signals of norepinephrine and acetylcholine. The immune order, on the other hand, supplies feedback by way of cytokine type and concentration in the blood. Any of these wholes that is in another direction balance increases the severity of metabolic, insane, inflammatory, or autoimmune ailments. These two systems, neuroendocrinology and immunology, are complex in and of themselves, and even more so when they communicate. As a result, the relationship between the invulnerable system and the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid hinge must be examined.

Author(s) Details:

Landys Z. Guo,
College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CERB-V5/article/view/9796

Determination of Non-Pituitary down Regulation Protocol for Ovulation Induction in ART (IVF & ICSI)| Chapter 5 | Current Overview on Disease and Health Research Vol. 9

 This study should prove that consumption of gonadotropins is less and the time of ovulation induction is less so less cost effect benefit. ART (IVF/ ICSI) is a multistep process involving ovarian stimulation, ovulation induction, collection of oocytes, fertilization with sperm, and transfer of the fertilized oocytes to the uterus for implantation and maturation.

With the advent of numerous ovarian stimulation protocols, the pregnancy outcome has significantly improved. Pituitary downregulation gives better results in terms of oocyte quantity and quality, which results in more embryos and more embryos being frozen for later transfer to the patient's uterus.
From literature we found that pregnancy outcome in minimal stimulation protocol gives almost the same result, especially in advanced patients age with less side effect. In our study on 1652 patients who admitted for ICSI and started their ovarian stimulation by HMG or FSH without pituitary down regulation protocol. This protocol gives the pregnancy outcome same as in the other protocols with less side effects and low coast. The recent development of GnRH antagonists has offered an alternative approach in IVF treatment with no significant difference in pregnancy outcome. The use of antagonist protocol to be safer in PCO patients.

Author(s) Details:

Elmahaishi Asma,
Lamis IVF Center, Misurata, Libya.

Zawawa Alia,
Lamis IVF Center, Misurata, Libya.

M. S. Elmahaishi,
Lamis IVF Center, Misurata, Libya.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CODHR-V9/article/view/9182