Do Virtual Team Members Swim Against the Tide?| Chapter 7 | Current Overview on Science and Technology Research Vol. 5

 Since the Covid-19 pandemic breakout, the phenomenon of remote work has grown quickly, and it is crucial to look at how members of virtual teams cooperate. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to particularly examine team member compliance in a digital, virtual environment. In contrast to members of structured non-virtual teams, we predicted that members of structured virtual teams would demonstrate lower levels of compliance. We looked at the effect of virtual team characteristics on team members' adherence to directives in order to test this hypothesis. In our study, 150 participants received instructions on how to complete a task in either a virtual or physical team environment. The main result of this study, which was contrary to our expectations, showed that virtual team members displayed a higher level of directive compliance than non-virtual team members. This discrepancy might be due, at least in part, to the formality variable that was more significant in the virtual environment. The findings of this study contribute to the body of knowledge on virtual teams and may improve virtual team leaders' capacity to manage their teams well.

Author(s) Details:

Daphna Shwartz-Asher,
Tel-Hai College, Israel.

Niv Ahituv,
Israel and Peres Academic Center, Tel Aviv University, Israel.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/COSTR-V5/article/view/8337

Image Matching Using Pseudo Time Series Representation | Chapter 6 | Current Overview on Science and Technology Research Vol. 5

 A wide range of vision tasks, including semantic segmentation and object recognition, can be significantly improved by boundary and edge information. The semantic edge detection problem is more difficult than classical edge detection, which is a difficult task in and of itself. Many computer vision tasks, including 3d reconstruction [1], 3d form recovery [2], medical image processing [3], and semantic segmentation [4,5], have demonstrated to benefit from the classical edge detection job. Two pre-processing methods for image/object retrieval are suggested in this research. The object is defined as a pseudo-time series in one dimension using a traditional pre-processing method. The first method that is offered modifies the SAX representation by using an Extended SAX (ESAX) approach to quickly and accurately identify key patterns, which is necessary to identify the related items that have the best chance of being true. The general resemblance between two families of symbolic words is then used to characterise the relationship between two images or objects. To determine the most likely matching between strings of symbolic words, a distance measure is employed. We empirically compare the Extended SAX strategy to the original SAX approach and show how it performs better at getting the most likely related objects at larger cardinality. The second method uses a specified collection (subset) of boundary points to identify each object or form. Each point is the centre of a small area that surrounds it and is represented by an image patch that reflects the patch's low-level properties. A family of image/object features corresponding to the image/patches object's is connected to it. The degree of general similarity between two families of image/shape patches is then used to define the similarity between two images or objects. To select the most likely matches, GA is used. The experimental findings have demonstrated that our approach is successful at retrieving related photos.

Author(s) Details:

Hala Ahmed Abdul-Moneim,
Department of Mathematics, Darb University College, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia and Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/COSTR-V5/article/view/8336

Weighted Fuzzy Time Series Model to Forecast Epidemic Injuries and its Data Visualization | Chapter 5 | Current Overview on Science and Technology Research Vol. 5

 Globally, the coronavirus disease spread rapidly. To aid in decision-making, we must develop precise future projections of the number of COVID-19 infections. On the basis of accumulating global experience from which we are working to enhance our future methodologies to deal with such a pandemic and in an effort to find the best application, we present some of the techniques that have shown useful in predicting the number of people infected with COVID-19 in a specific period in different regions of the world in this paper.

We use a rewarding model to predict injuries in areas with COVID-19, particularly in the Arab region.

This prediction is based on Saudi Arabia's epidemic injury statistics from March 2 to July 20, 2020. Charts and graph visualisation are two alternative techniques to present time series data. We propose the use of weighted fuzzy time series methods (WFTS) and weighted non-stationary fuzzy time series techniques to compare with the conventional Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) statistical method (WNSFTS). Before utilising the (ARIMA) and (WFTS) algorithms to forecast the given data, stationary data conversion is required because the data is not stationary. On our injuries dataset, we log transform and differentiate. The graphic depicts the situation for COVID in Saudi Arabia as improving. When we analyse the original data using the Dickey-Fuller Test (DFT), we find that the p-value is equal to 0.646, which is higher than 0.05 and shows non-stationarity. The mean square error (MSE), root mean square error (RMSE), and normalisation root mean square error (NRMSE) are used to compare the accuracy of the different techniques. The results show that WFTS approaches offer reliable assistance for calculating COVID-19-based pandemic injuries in the area. The use of Weighted Non Stationary Fuzzy Time Series (WNSFTS) can produce significantly better results when projecting the issue of epidemic injuries. because it can anticipate future infections and has a high level of predictive accuracy.

Author(s) Details:

Hala Ahmed Abdul-Moneim,
Department of Mathematics, Darb University College, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia and Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/COSTR-V5/article/view/8335

Study of the Struck-By Hazard in the Application of Ultrasound Sensor in Construction Safety | Chapter 4 | Current Overview on Science and Technology Research Vol. 5

 Traditional building sites were simpler than modern ones, and safety management was developed to address these easier construction challenges. Currently, sensors are employed in construction safety management to provide the essential level of safety for complicated sites due to their capacity for automating operations and real-time monitoring. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the appropriateness of several sensor technologies for use in struckby hazard avoidance systems and to determine how well sensors protect construction sites from such dangers. As managing construction sites becomes more challenging, the construction industry is currently under pressure to complete projects as rapidly as possible while also fulfilling the goal of safety. To manage complex facilities and protect against potential dangers, an early warning system with ultrasonic sensors is suggested. The administration of modern construction sites with outdated safety management methodologies makes them difficult to monitor since new building techniques are being implemented at such sophisticated sites and in response to swift, ongoing changes in construction sites. The early warning system under consideration will help site managers perform their duties more effectively. Several experts have carried out numerous studies on the prevention of strike-by danger in construction. However, it isn't given enough consideration, particularly when using ultrasound sensors to protect against potential dangers. As a result, it has been established how effectively ultrasonic sensors may be used in this area of construction.

Author(s) Details:

P. Vishal,
Department of Architecture, School of Planning and Architecture, Andhra Pradesh, 520008, Vijayawada, India.

M. Kranti Kumar,
Department of Architecture, School of Planning and Architecture, Andhra Pradesh, 520008, Vijayawada, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/COSTR-V5/article/view/8334

The Effect of Setbacks on Interior Daylighting in Residential Buildings in Vijayawada, India | Chapter 3 | Current Overview on Science and Technology Research Vol. 5

 In terms of visual comfort, efficient day lighting in residential buildings offers several physiological and psychological benefits. One of the most important design factors in contemporary architecture is day lighting. Setting backs and window apertures are essential for letting natural light into buildings. However, a lot of interior spaces frequently experience inadequate day lighting because to poor setbacks and window sizes. This article is an academic effort to evaluate the effect of building setbacks on window sizes to obtain pleasing day illumination in the given environment. For this, day illumination in two independently oriented residential buildings in Vijayawada, India, with variable setbacks, was investigated. Using a Lux Meter, the day lighting contours were calculated throughout the day in each of the buildings' functional spaces/rooms. Additionally, the interior natural lighting levels in various building rooms were compared to the required standard illumination levels as recommended by the local building regulations and The National Building Code of India, 2005. It was found that some interior building spaces lacked adequate day lighting. Design recommendations for window sizes were made in relation to each building setback based on the day lighting research.

Author(s) Details:

M. Kranti Kumar,
School of Planning and Architecture, Vijayawada, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/COSTR-V5/article/view/8333

Design, Installation and Experimentation of a Photovoltaic Station Connected to the Electricity Grid on the Campus of the University of Oujda (Morocco) | Chapter 2 | Current Overview on Science and Technology Research Vol. 5

 This chapter's goal is to analyse and size a photovoltaic (PV) project connected to the electrical grid in order to lower the campus university's electricity costs in the technopole of Oujda (Morocco). We demonstrate the size calculation (using the PVsyst software) and functionality of a 10 kW solar station connected to the electrical grid to power the three-phase loads.

According to experimental findings from field tests, the 10 kWp installation linked to the network (50 Hz, 230 V, 16 A) primarily provides the three-phase loads before injecting any excess energy into the electrical grid.

The average voltages recorded on the phases (T, S, and R) are in the range of 238V, the currents measured on the phases (T, R, and S) range from 7 to 14 A, and the output voltages linked to the phases (SR, ST, and TR) are in the neighbourhood of 418V. All of the measurements made match the two installations' specs and simulations on the PVsyst programme in very good detail. The campus of the university in Oujda is totally run by sustainable photovoltaic electricity. Currently, we monitor the generation, use, and injection of electrical energy as well as the price of the electricity bill.

Author(s) Details:

A. Lamkaddem,
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Laboratory of Electromagnetic Mohamed First University, Signal Processing & Renewable Energy LESPRE, Team Electronic Materials & Renewable Energy EMRE, Oujda, Morocco.

N. El Moussaoui,
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Laboratory of Electromagnetic Mohamed First University, Signal Processing & Renewable Energy LESPRE, Team Electronic Materials & Renewable Energy EMRE, Oujda, Morocco.

M. Rhiat,
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Laboratory of Electromagnetic Mohamed First University, Signal Processing & Renewable Energy LESPRE, Team Electronic Materials & Renewable Energy EMRE, Oujda, Morocco.

K. Kassmi,
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Laboratory of Electromagnetic Mohamed First University, Signal Processing & Renewable Energy LESPRE, Team Electronic Materials & Renewable Energy EMRE, Oujda, Morocco.

R. Malek,
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Laboratory of Electromagnetic Mohamed First University, Signal Processing & Renewable Energy LESPRE, Team Electronic Materials & Renewable Energy EMRE, Oujda, Morocco.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/COSTR-V5/article/view/8332

Modern Photovoltaic Installation Connected to the Distribution and Transport Network| Chapter 1 | Current Overview on Science and Technology Research Vol. 5

 The research on photovoltaic (PV) installations linked to the electrical distribution and transport network, as well as these malfunction detection devices, is the subject of this chapter. This project relies on injecting 16 KW of power onto the medium voltage electrical network from a PV panel field (25 KV). We have interposed blocks that control the opening and closing of the power switches of the DC/AC converter and synchronise the phase, amplitude, as well as the frequency of the voltage and current, injected into the electrical network in order to make the injection system reliant on the network and to minimise power losses. The simulation results demonstrate that the planned system detects system failures on the network side (voltage dip, phase shedding, frequency fluctuation, imbalance of the three-phase system), on the field side of the PV panel (distrust of converters, etc.), and ensures that electrical energy is injected into the network while the PV generators are operating.

Author(s) Details:

A. Lamkaddem,
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Mohamed First University, Laboratory of Electromagnetic, Signal Processing & Renewable Energy LESPRE, Team Electronic Materials & Renewable Energy EMRE, Oujda, Morocco.

N. El Moussaoui,
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Mohamed First University, Laboratory of Electromagnetic, Signal Processing & Renewable Energy LESPRE, Team Electronic Materials & Renewable Energy EMRE, Oujda, Morocco.

M. Rhiat,
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Mohamed First University, Laboratory of Electromagnetic, Signal Processing & Renewable Energy LESPRE, Team Electronic Materials & Renewable Energy EMRE, Oujda, Morocco.

K. Kassmi,
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Mohamed First University, Laboratory of Electromagnetic, Signal Processing & Renewable Energy LESPRE, Team Electronic Materials & Renewable Energy EMRE, Oujda, Morocco.

R. Malek,
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Mohamed First University, Laboratory of Electromagnetic, Signal Processing & Renewable Energy LESPRE, Team Electronic Materials & Renewable Energy EMRE, Oujda, Morocco.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/COSTR-V5/issue/view/816

Determining the Incidence and Severity of Maize Ear Rot Disease in Western Kenya | Chapter 5 | Emerging Challenges in Agriculture and Food Science Vol. 7

 This study's goal is to ascertain the prevalence and seriousness of ear rot symptoms in the four counties of Western Kenya. A complicated interaction between the fungal diseases Stenocarpella spp., Penicillium spp., and Trichoderma spp. results in the disease known as maize ear rot. Numerous species of Nigrospora, Gibberella, Fusarium, Stenocarpella, and Aspergillus have been identified. According to reports, these illnesses impair the quality of the maize crop while also producing mycotoxins that are harmful to both livestock and humans. Studies were carried out in 12 Divisions in the Western Kenyan counties of Kisumu, Homabay, Siaya, and Migori during the ensuing long and short rain seasons of September to December 2014 and February to July 2015, respectively, using a stratified random sampling method (SRSD). The farmer fields served as sampling grounds, and the divisions as sampling units. The prevalence of maize ear rots was quite high in all 12 of the divisions under consideration. They were only more common from February to July 2015 than they were from September to December 2014.

Author(s) Details:

George T. Opande,
Kaimosi Friends University, Kaimosi, Kenya.

Mathews Dida,
Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya.

Phillip Onyango,
Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya.

Christine Wesonga,
Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ECAFS-V7/article/view/8317

COVID-19 and Challenges in Food Accessibility and Security in the Priority Neighborhood, Toronto: We Need What Further | Chapter 7 | Emerging Challenges in Agriculture and Food Science Vol. 7

 The provincial and federal governments gave free food assistance to neighbourhood community organisations as a means of reducing food insecurity and enhancing food accessibility for COVID-19 victims. The study examined the difficulties that residents and community organisations faced in getting and dispensing free food assistance, as well as what more was required to ensure food security and accessibility in the priority neighbourhood.

Participating in the community dialogue or the broad group discussion were nine representatives of the local community organisations, fifteen volunteers, and ten community people (food recipients). They discussed the difficulties they had accessing food during COVID-19 and what more was required to make the priority neighbourhood more accessible to food.  It was a qualitative study with a theme approach to data analysis and interpretation. Two note-takers collected data from the community chat. Community members who wanted to receive free food assistance encountered barriers due to a lack of information, language barriers, the social stigma associated with doing so, and fear of COVID-19. On the other side, the community organisations lacked access to adequate transportation, space for food storage, and a sufficient number of committed and qualified volunteers to help with food distribution. A shortage of funding also prevented neighbourhood organisations from feeding the populace. In order for local organisations to use the resources to increase community access to food, they needed an assessment of the resources that were already available. Additionally, the groups demanded cooperation and coordination from one another and provided food funding to impacted families. Additionally, in order to support and meet the community's desires for increased food accessibility, local organisations needed to collaborate with community gardens, community kitchens, and food banks. For proper food accessibility in the prioritised neighbourhood during COVID-19, people and local groups faced information and communication obstacles as well as social, structural and systemic, financial, and structural issues. The study also revealed what was required to provide the population with adequate food access.  

Author(s) Details:

Qazi Shafayetul Islam,
Bangladeshi-Canadian Community Services (BCS), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Nasima Akter,
Bangladeshi-Canadian Community Services (BCS), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ECAFS-V7/article/view/8319

The Remarkable of Farmer’s Household Food Security at the Village of Moncongloe Bulu Maros South Sulawesi | Chapter 6 | Emerging Challenges in Agriculture and Food Science Vol. 7

 When everyone can physically and financially access enough safe, wholesome food to meet their dietary needs, there is food security. When studying food insecurity, it is important to consider the severity of the impact on overall food security and nutritional status as well as how long people have been dealing with the issue. The goal of the study was to determine the degree of food security for farmers' households in the Moncongloe Bulu hamlet of Maros South Sulawesi. The research mainly focused on the availability, use, and consumption of food in connection to the recommended national food intake standard by the Indonesian government. A survey technique based on questioner interviews with 30 village families was used to collect both primary and secondary data. Descriptive analysis was applied to the research in order to derive a scientific conclusion. Households in the Moncongloe Bulu community had a very high level of food security (32%), according to the study's findings. The average daily energy intake (2.485 kcal/person) and total protein intake (84.5 g/person/day) of households in Moncongloe Bulu communities were greater than the government of Indonesia's suggested national standards. Food security was also found to be directly associated to food intake and purchasing power, which were influenced by household income, employment opportunities, and the educational attainment of both the mother and father in each household. Farmers may boost their revenue, expand their access to food, and ultimately improve their quality of life by having other tasks available during their downtime. In conclusion, the settlement of Moncongloe Bulu has exceptionally high levels of household food security. The amount of food consumed was determined by the level of food security, which was influenced by household income, employment opportunities, and educational attainment.

Author(s) Details:

Ismartoyo,
Faculty of Animal Science, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, South Sulawesi, Indonesia.

Syahriani Syahrir,
Faculty of Animal Science, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, South Sulawesi, Indonesia.

Rohmiyatul Islamiyati,
Faculty of Animal Science, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, South Sulawesi, Indonesia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ECAFS-V7/article/view/8318

Post-harvest System and Quality of Cocoa Beans in the Southern Region of Cameroon: A Recent Study | Chapter 4 | Emerging Challenges in Agriculture and Food Science Vol. 7

 The variable quality of the country's commercial cocoa production was proven to by the numerous rejections of Cameroonian cocoa on the international market. In an effort to raise the quality of this product, a review of post-harvest procedures was carried out.

Two cocoa production zones, specifically the southern Cameroonian subdivisions of Biwong Bulu and Mvangang, implemented an inquiry form on the methods of post-harvest treatments. Farmers provided the fermented and dried beans, which were then gathered and their physicochemical properties assessed for quality. The findings indicate that the producers, who were on average 90% men and 38.3% of whom were older (> 50 years old) and not linked with a cooperative, were unaware of the standards for commercial cocoa's quality, which led to a lack of respect for the post-harvest method of processing cocoa. Only 41.8% of the farmers followed the sequential order of the various post-harvest treatment unit operations. There were three different drying modes and four different fermenting modes (box, banana leaves, tarpaulin, and plastic bags) (hurdle, tarpaulin and soil). The morphological and physicochemical characteristics of the various samples were strongly changed by the various treatment modalities, which also had an impact on the quality of the cocoa beans. Large cocoa beans are produced by fermenting them in cascading crates (V = 1030 50.90 mm3) and drying them on raised trays (V = 1310 77.36 mm3), which is the material that allowed the cocoa to swiftly reach a moisture content that was in accordance with commercial-quality cocoa (6.82 0.91%). The post-harvest treatment technique was not followed as indicated in Cameroon's southern region. Sensitizing and educating farmers is essential for the development of cocoa production in this region, especially for these two subdivisions. To achieve high-quality cocoa with higher physical, morphological, and physicochemical features (moisture, lipids, and acidity), solar drying on elevated racks may be advised. This will provide commercial chocolate of grades I (superior) and II.

Author(s) Details:

C. Saïdou,
University Institute of Technology, University of Ngaoundere, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundere Cameroon.

E. Tchemtchoua,
Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 222, Dschang, Cameroon.

A. Mahama,
University Institute of Technology, University of Ngaoundere, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundere Cameroon.

B. A. Mohammadou,
University Institute of Technology, University of Ngaoundere, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundere Cameroon.

D. Abolo,
Institute of Agricultural Research and Development, P.O. Box 2123, Nkolbisson Yaoundé, Cameroon.

A. Ali,
University Institute of Technology, University of Ngaoundere, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundere Cameroon.

N. N. Njintang,
National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, P.O. Box 455, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ECAFS-V7/article/view/8316

Integrated Study for the Shelf-life Evaluation in Food: Use of Spices, Herbs, and Bio-packaging | Chapter 3 | Emerging Challenges in Agriculture and Food Science Vol. 7

 The food industry has recently put environmental concerns at the centre of its main strategies. Food companies concentrated on the potential use of spices and herbs as natural additives to extend the product shelf-life in order to satisfy consumers' demands about the quality and safety of foodstuffs. Indeed, cutting-edge and/or practical packaging methods have been created in order to better preserve food quality and safety, therefore minimising environmental effects on natural resources. Therefore, scientific study on primary food packaging concentrated on the potential application of bio-packaging to both extend shelf-life and lessen the "harmful" effects on land and marine ecosystems. This study sought to evaluate the use of spices, herbs, and bio-packaging as novel preservation techniques to increase the shelf-life of food and provide a "eco-friendly" solution through an analysis of the scientific literature. These studies on the use of herbs, spices, and bio-packaging could offer fresh approaches to food preservation while minimising its negative effects on the economy, the environment, and society.

Author(s) Details:

Giuliana Vinci,
Department of Management, Sapienza University of Rome, Via del Castro Laurenziano 9, 00161, Rome, Italy.

Lucia Maddaloni,
Department of Management, Sapienza University of Rome, Via del Castro Laurenziano 9, 00161, Rome, Italy.

Sabrina A. Prencipe,
Department of Management, Sapienza University of Rome, Via del Castro Laurenziano 9, 00161, Rome, Italy.

Alessandro Bernardo,
Department of Management, Sapienza University of Rome, Via del Castro Laurenziano 9, 00161, Rome, Italy.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ECAFS-V7/article/view/8315

The Caracteristicts of Yellow Pumpkin with Shard Gourd Method Processing | Chapter 2 | Emerging Challenges in Agriculture and Food Science Vol. 7

 The current study seeks to ascertain the yield in the production of pumpkin flour as well as the chemical composition and morphological properties of pumpkin flour that has been processed utilising the method of shard gourd from pumpkin fruit. According to the results of the SEM analysis, the starch granule in the yellow pumpkin flour is covered by irregular granules containing fibre. Pumpkin needs to be turned into flour to be more durable when kept and feasible for further processing as an alternative innovation for refined flour alternatives. Cut the pumpkin fruit after cleaning and separating it from the skin and buds to create pumpkin flour. The pulp is then sieved in 110 mesh sizes, dried, floured, and cut into small pieces. The amount of pumpkin flour produced by processing pumpkin fruit ranges from 5 to 10%. There are 6.9 percent water, 22.8 percent protein, 1.1 percent fat, 5.7 percent ash, 47.4 percent starch, and 22.1 percent food fibre in the manufactured pumpkin flour. Pumpkin flour is suitable for making pumpkin sponge, which is rich in fibre and nutrients, based on its chemical makeup. The study's analysis of the characteristics of yellow pumpkin flour reveals that it has good nutritional qualities and can be used as an ingredient in foods that are processed, such as pastries, cakes, and other foods that are more prominently coloured yellow naturally rather than with additional food colouring.

Author(s) Details:

Ida Farikha Azizah,
Laboratory of Starch Technology, Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology Lampung, Indonesia.

Ika Mulawati P. N.,
Laboratory of Starch Technology, Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology Lampung, Indonesia.

Ngatinem,
Laboratory of Starch Technology, Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology Lampung, Indonesia.

Novi Kuswardani,
Laboratory of Starch Technology, Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology Lampung, Indonesia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ECAFS-V7/article/view/8314

Dietary Fat Modulation of Immune Function | Chapter 1 | Emerging Challenges in Agriculture and Food Science Vol. 7

 To increase intakes of these fatty acids, which are currently well below the requirements, there has been considerable interest in enriching poultry meat with long-chain n-3 PUFA. There is some worry, though, that chicken immune and infection resistance may be negatively impacted by diets high in n-3 PUFA.

The goal of this chapter was to examine the impact of dietary fat source and level on the activity of Natural Killer (NK) cells, a marker of immunological function in broiler chickens. Male Cobb 500 broilers that were one day old were fed diets enhanced with fish oil (FO), echium oil, algal biomass, or flaxseed oil at doses of 50, 18, 18, and 19 g/kg, respectively. Twenty birds/treatment had their blood and spleen samples taken at the time of slaughter. The fatty acid content of immunological tissues was significantly influenced by include PUFA in the rations fed to broiler chickens. Investigated was the activity of natural killer (NK) cells. Splenocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from broilers fed flaxseed oil had the highest levels of NK activity, followed by those from broilers fed algal biomass or echium oil, and those from broilers fed FO had the lowest levels of NK activity. These findings imply that adding n-3 PUFA to chickens without having a major negative impact on their immune system is possible using a DHA-rich algal product. In conclusion, this research added to our understanding of how dietary n-3 PUFA affects the immune system in broiler chickens. Such findings emphasise the need for the poultry business to take into account the health state of poultry when n-3 PUFA, particularly EPA, are added to poultry flesh.

Author(s) Details:

Hanan Al-Khalaifah,
Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, PO Box 24885, 13109 Safat, Kuwait.

Afaf Al-Nasser,
Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, PO Box 24885, 13109 Safat, Kuwait.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ECAFS-V7/article/view/8312

Translating Classical Chinese Drama: Comparative Study on the Formal Characteristics and Formal Equivalence of Yuan Zaju | Chapter 8 | Research Highlights in Language, Literature and Education Vol. 1

 The history of translation and the study of traditional Chinese drama have long disregarded the fundamental formal elements of Chinese drama. The script's formal elements—arias and spoken lines, musical modes and song suites, linguistic register, and metrical requirements—transmit the distinctive aesthetic and cultural value of ancient Chinese theatre. This article examines significant shortcomings in the presentation of the capacity for performability and readability in these translations, including the misplacement of the literary status of the songs and dialogue and the omission of the musical modes and metrics. It does this by comparing the original Chinese Yuan zaju text Han gong qiu and its three English translations. This paper challenges the formal equivalence of theatrical texts through cross-cultural and cross-linguistic comparative studies. The research, which focuses on the "significant shape" of Yuan zaju, is original and ground-breaking.

Author(s) Details:

Tan Jing,
Wuhan University, Wuhan, China and City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHLLE-V1/article/view/8328

Assessment of Learning and Engagement in the Flipped Classroom of Analytical Mathematics | Chapter 7 | Research Highlights in Language, Literature and Education Vol. 1

 In an effort to increase student involvement in a variety of courses taught in higher education, learning methods have changed over time. In general, learning strategies for mathematics have taken a more conventional approach. University level mathematics is more difficult, content-heavy, and provides greater problems in using active learning methodologies, as a passive approach of traditional lectures has long been utilised. However, interactive and active learning in mathematics are more common in higher education. Concerns about arithmetic learning issues are disregarded, and despite educator debates over an efficient teaching strategy, there still seems to be a lack of metacognitive understanding of mathematical reasoning and problem-solving abilities. Lessons delivered using a variety of models may help to bring about the necessary adjustments to increase student happiness and engagement with mathematics learning. Teachers must be encouraged to introduce active learning techniques so that students can start facilitating their own learning. This can be done by introducing approaches tailored to the individual, such as student-centered approaches, in order to make these methods applicable and effective in students' mathematical education experiences. The effectiveness of teaching methods like the flipped classroom in raising students' math achievement in comparison to traditional lectures has been studied, mostly in higher education, but the results to date have not been consistent, necessitating further research into this strategy at a higher educational level and in a STEM-related field. The flipped classroom approach, which inverts the typical traditional lecture style used in schools, is contrasted with the methods used by mathematicians to give courses to see how they affect student learning and engagement. The flipped classroom methodology is used in this study to teach analytical mathematics, a subject from a university foundation level module, and the results of the quantitative analysis show that it has less success in improving student performance. Findings from the study's qualitative analysis in terms of engagement show benefits of the flipped classroom paradigm, especially an upbeat engagement among peers.

Author(s) Details:

Anastasia Sofroniou,
University of West London, UK.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHLLE-V1/article/view/8326

Investigating the Teachers’Attitude Regarding open Educational Resources (OER) at Sukhothai Thamathirat Open University, Thailand | Chapter 6 | Research Highlights in Language, Literature and Education Vol. 1

 In order to continue the cycle of collaboration and continuous improvement, the Open Educational Resource (OER) culture encourages teachers to include existing OER, change them, and share them with others. Finding the factors that affect OER adoption may be aided by understanding teachers' opinions about OER use and comparing data across schools. The main objective of this research is to ascertain how Thai university Sukhothai Thamathirat Open University (STOU) lecturers feel about open educational resources (OER). A five-point scale with the options strongly disagree to greatly agree was used to gauge the instructors' attitudes about open educational resources (OER) in this study. Based on the scale, it is possible to identify OER adaptation, use, and sharing. The STOU professors received the questionnaire. 32 STOU respondents were included in the analysis. Information was gathered via an online form. Statistical techniques were used to analyse the data. Frequency measurements were used to represent demographic and other data in addition to the chi-square test. The analysis was performed using SPSS. Teachers in Thailand are urged to share OER for both their own personal and professional growth. The vast majority of them are motivated to share and contribute to OER in order to advance ideas in a knowledge society, which is an interesting observation.

Author(s) Details:

Jeetendra Pande,
School of Computer Science and IT, Uttarakhand Open University, India.

Alka Singh,
Central Institute of Educational Technology, National Council for Educational Research and Training, Sri Aurobindo Marg, New Delhi - 110096, India.

Kamolrat Intaratat,
School of Communication Arts, Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University, Thailand.

G. Mythili,
Staff Training and Research Institute of Distance Education, Indira Gandhi National Open University, Maidan Garhi, New Delhi, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHLLE-V1/article/view/8325

Student’s Awareness of Free and Open-Source Software (FOSS) in Higher Education: A Descriptive Survey | Chapter 5 | Research Highlights in Language, Literature and Education Vol. 1

 Based on their knowledge with several kinds of free and open-source software, the study investigates students' awareness (FOSS). It also looked at what influences their relationship with open-source software (FOSS). Free and open-source software is an idea that could replace expensive software. Data collecting methods included a descriptive survey method and purposive sampling. The study was conducted between January and April 2019 at two state universities in Odisha. 80 post-graduate students from Ravenshaw University and Utkal University, two state-run institutions in Odisha, make up the samples. Included sample was chosen at random from each university. The proportion and frequency of respondents' responses were used to analyse the data. The findings demonstrate that the majority of students were proficient in using and reaping the benefits of free and open-source software (FOSS). Social media, course curricula, conferences/seminars, and a lack of institutional support are the main factors preventing FOSS adoption, whereas a lack of awareness, a lack of institutional support, a lack of orientation and training on the use of FOSS tools, and a lack of institutional support are the main factors causing FOSS adoption. The findings imply that FOSS tools offer an alternative to proprietary software and can be utilised for educational tasks like research, teaching and learning, data collection, interpretation, and representation, among others. The curriculum for higher education needs to be reexamined and reframed by educators with this area in mind.

Author(s) Details:

Kunu Nayak,
Central Institute of Education, New Delhi, India.

Praveen Bobby Binjha,
Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHLLE-V1/article/view/8324

Qualitative Research on Best Practices of UP Diliman Library Personnel in Community Outreach Projects during the Pandemic: To Provide Recommendations and Show the Current Practices of the Personnel during the Pandemic| Chapter 4 | Research Highlights in Language, Literature and Education Vol. 1

 The purpose of this article is to examine the first-hand accounts of UP Diliman library staff members engaged in community outreach initiatives, including but not restricted to any difficulties brought on by the epidemic. The study uses a Google Forms-based online survey with open-ended questions. Following the completion of an online survey, general recommendations and best practises will be provided based on a study of library staff and personnel's involvement in UP Campus outreach initiatives.

Methods: Google Forms-based online survey with open-ended questions.

Results: Throughout the pandemic and before it started, librarians were involved in outreach efforts. The librarians are unable to fully participate in these outreach initiatives during the pandemic due to health rules, travel restrictions, and social seclusion—fear of contracting the virus, coordination, and participation in LGUs.

Due to limited mobility, travel restrictions, and delays in shipping money, it is difficult to facilitate and participate in initiatives. Fundraising is especially challenging because there aren't many face-to-face interactions. Budget and time restrictions are additional difficulties. The cornerstones to a productive outreach effort during this epidemic are adhering to health protocols, prioritising safety, coordination, and partnering. Doing outreach activities has taught me that there is no need to boast, that I don't need to ask for anything in return for my assistance or participation in an organisation. We can still provide assistance in any manner we can thanks to social media and online distribution methods. The sharing of knowledge can greatly aid individuals in need. Helping others brings fulfilment since it allows you to simply give of what you have.

Author(s) Details:

Reina R. Irinco,
University of the Philippines Diliman, Philippines.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHLLE-V1/article/view/8323

Assessment of International Partnerships in Educational Institutions and their Intricacies: A Brief Study | Chapter 3 | Research Highlights in Language, Literature and Education Vol. 1

 The authors' experience with a failed international partnership is used in this chapter to highlight both the advantages and the difficulties of such partnerships. They also offer suggestions for the future based on their knowledge of local and international literature and their own experiences with failed international partnerships. International collaborations have evolved into a dynamic response to the consequences of globalisation and changes on the planet. The goal of these partnerships is to compete for money, students, researchers, and academic programmes among higher education institutions. The quality of academic programmes, institutional profiles, capacity building, potential for research competence, and the influence of research on policy and practise across a range of contexts are all believed to be improved by these collaboration initiatives. International cooperation appears inevitable, yet many of these relationships are hampered by complex legal frameworks and significant disparities. While it may seem obvious that international relationships are unavoidable, many of the current trends in these partnerships are supported by complex legal frameworks and significant disparities. The "Critical Theory Approach" was used by authors to describe the innate injustices that undermine harmony, cohesiveness, success, and long-lasting relationships. This essay contends that although international partnerships are still necessary for building institutional capacity, they are frequently controlled by the more powerful partners and are hampered by unequal power relations. The article comes to the conclusion that partnerships' sustainability is impacted by the absence of specific agreements. Institutions must therefore exercise caution in negotiating the forces that promote peace through official, transparent agreements and enlisting everyone's cooperation in order to prevent institutional conflicts. This article sparks an ongoing discussion over the nature of partnerships. In an effort to comprehend the distinctive features of this collaboration, the study made an effort to reflect on present practises.

Author(s) Details:

Maria Kaguhangire-Barifaijo,
Uganda Management Institute, Uganda.

Rose B. Namara,
Uganda Management Institute, Uganda.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHLLE-V1/article/view/8322

The Contribution of Cognitive Ability and Affective Ability towards the Creative Thinking Skills of Senior High School Students by Using Innovative Learning in Industrial Agricultural Areas | Chapter 2 | Research Highlights in Language, Literature and Education Vol. 1

 One of the key abilities in learning is the ability to think creatively. The impact of diverse learning strategies on students' capacity for creative thought has been documented in a number of research findings. This study tries to find out how students' creative thinking capabilities are influenced by their cognitive and affective abilities. Multiple linear regression analyses are part of the descriptive quantitative research methodology used in this study. The correlation coefficient and the significance of the correlation were determined using the data. The regression equation would also be established. According to the study's findings, pupils' capacity for creative thought is positively correlated with their cognitive and affective abilities. The two variables together effectively contribute 88.6% to the pupils' capacity for creative thought.

Author(s) Details:

Bea Hana Siswati,
University of Jember, Indonesia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHLLE-V1/article/view/8321

An Analysis of Need Base Reforms in Madrassa System Education in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan | Chapter 1 | Research Highlights in Language, Literature and Education Vol. 1

 This study aims to determine how these madrassas contribute to the education of both adult females and senior women. One advantage of these madaris is that they offer a standardised curriculum and educational structure. All students, regardless of origin, status, or age, have access to education in these institutions, regardless of wealth, ethnicity (Pashtun or Panjabi), or age. and even ready to cover tuition if need. Since the majority of students, parents, and madrassa teachers believe that madrassa education is especially beneficial for girls and that it also improves girls' decency and helps them achieve the most desirable marital status in Islamic society—better marital status—a large number of wealthy and middle-class families sent their daughters to madrasas. The teachers of home madrassas have raised alarm about these independently operating madrassas, which have only recently started. In the majority of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa's rural districts, the number of home madrassas has recently grown considerably. The towns and cities where these madrassas are located benefit greatly from the services provided by them. By offering fundamental religious instruction and a gathering place for people who are ordinarily limited to four walls of the house, these madrassas offer a glimmer of hope for girls who are not permitted to attend schools and for illiterate women. Most of these madrassas run independently of any political, religious, or governmental entity, are devoid of extremism, sectarianism, or fundamentalism, and only concentrate on religious instruction.

Author(s) Details:

Hamida Zafar,
Department of Education, Jinah University for Women, Sindh, Pakistan.

Mahnaz Aslam,
Education University of Turbat, Balochistan, Pakistan.

Shazia Chachar Khan,
National University of Modern Language, Islamabad, Pakistan.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHLLE-V1/article/view/8320