Design, Construction and Evaluation of Performance of a Solar Cooker | Chapter 2 | Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy and Physical Experiences in Morogoro, Tanzania

 

A solar cooker is a device which uses the energy and direct sunlight to heat, cook or pasteurise food or drink. Many solar cookers are presently in use and are relatively inexpensive, low-technology devices, although some are as powerful and as expensive as traditional stoves. This study aimed to showcase the design, construction and performance of a solar cooker.  According to a survey, each family utilises two fully grown trees in a year. For this study, the design of solar cooking is strictly based on cost efficiency, easy availability and workability. The solar cooker was constructed using different materials. Each material served a specific function. A solar cooker box was constructed using rectangular panels and aluminium foil. The geometry of the cooker includes the simplest form of an angled panel surrounded by reflectors for enhanced efficiency. The cooker is surrounded by an insulating cardboard box with material which, when heated, retains heat so that it can be used when the sun is low. It is painted black on the outside so as to absorb all the radiation and emit none. The efficiency of this cooker is 89% when there is enough sunlight. The cooker can boil water up to 89℃ which is also a sufficient temperature to cook light foodstuffs and boil tea. Solar cookers operate by converting sunlight into heat through concentration, absorption, and heat trapping (greenhouse effect), and their performance is measured via standardised temperature studies to ensure efficient, clean, and sustainable cooking. The general methodology for solar cooking systems involves harnessing solar radiation and transferring that energy to food in an insulated environment. The specific methods vary by cooker type, such as Box Cookers, Panel Cookers, Concentrating Cookers (Parabolic/Dish), and Indirect Cookers. These decide the specific temperature values, duration, and materials used more precisely. The broader significance of the study is its contribution to sustainable energy or environmental protection. The solar cooker was constructed and tested for its performance by temperature-achievement measurements. It is potentially strong for reducing firewood dependency and environmental deforestation.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Yusuf Ismail Koleleni
Physics Department, Muslim University of Morogoro, P.O. Box 1031, Morogoro, Tanzania.

 

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-93-47485-78-7/CH2

 

Development of a Composite Material Made of Sand and Molten Polyethylene Using a Scheffler Solar Concentrator | Chapter 02 | Physical Science: New Insights and Developments Vol. 4

 

The production of composite materials with a polyethylene matrix and sand reinforcement, through matrix melting, is energy-intensive. The melting temperature (approximately 200°C) of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) is achieved through solar concentration. The plastic melting unit in SAABA, Burkina Faso, uses 8 m² Scheffler concentrators, each with a common cubic receiver. The reflective facets are made of glass mirrors, self-adhesive mirror film, and aluminum mirrors. The average available power of 1.80 kW, obtained with an average solar irradiance of 623 W/m², is sufficient for melting.

In the production of composite materials, the matrix is composed solely of high-grade thermoplastics. The higher the matrix grade, the more fluid the material is during processing. The grade indicates the viscosity index of a material. The development of composite materials not only provides a solution for the recovery of plastic waste but also contributes to significantly reducing the ever-increasing volume of plastic waste, especially LDPE and HDPE, in developing countries.

 

Author(s) Details :-

 

Dieudonné Dabilgou
Laboratory of Renewable Thermal Energies (L.E.T.RE), Department of Physics, University Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 PO Box 7021, Burkina Faso.

 

Salifou Ouedraogo
Laboratory of Renewable Thermal Energies (L.E.T.RE), Department of Physics, University Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 PO Box 7021, Burkina Faso.

 

Adelaide Lareba Ouedraogo
Laboratory of Renewable Thermal Energies (L.E.T.RE), Department of Physics, University Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 PO Box 7021, Burkina Faso.

 

Thierry Sikoudouin Maurice Ky
Laboratory of Renewable Thermal Energies (L.E.T.RE), Department of Physics, University Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 PO Box 7021, Burkina Faso.

 

Bruno Korgo
Laboratory of Renewable Thermal Energies (L.E.T.RE), Department of Physics, University Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 PO Box 7021, Burkina Faso.

 

Sié Kam
Laboratory of Renewable Thermal Energies (L.E.T.RE), Department of Physics, University Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 PO Box 7021, Burkina Faso.

 

Dieudonné Joseph Bathiebo
Laboratory of Renewable Thermal Energies (L.E.T.RE), Department of Physics, University Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 PO Box 7021, Burkina Faso.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/psniad/v4/6718

Water-Energy Nexus of Brackish Water Desalination for Mitigating Water Scarcity Region: Challenges, Performance, and Potential Solutions | Chapter 1 | Science and Technology - Recent Updates and Future Prospects Vol. 7

Water scarcity represents one of the greatest challenges facing the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. Jordan is the second water-scarce country in the world, with only 100 m3 per capita, which is less than the minimum estimated limit for safe water supply (500 m3 per capita) by about five times. Thus, the water deficit in Jordan is alarming. It is projected to increase with the rapid progression in water demands associated with the unsustainable population and economic growth patterns. In the water-energy nexus (WEF-Nexus), the water challenges are associated with issues related to securing energy sources since the country imports about 97% of its energy supply. The pressure created in the water sector led to higher electricity tariffs, which negatively impacted the agricultural, domestic, and primarily industrial sectors. The high energy costs are hindering the industrial growth in Jordan. This study confirms that increasing water demands have imposed the exploitation of most groundwater sources in Jordan and deteriorated its quality, specifically by increasing salinization. Additionally, in the context of food-water-energy nexus, poor brine management, especially in the agricultural sector, has been identified as one of the primary causes of soil damage due to high salt concentrations, which is inducing the rate of desertification, leading to a drastic decline in the farming capacity in Jordan. The potential of brackish water reverse osmosis desalination to combat the water deficit in Jordan was assessed in this study in the context of the water-energy nexus. Interviews and surveyed questioners were employed to multiple stakeholders from different sectors in Jordan, including the agricultural, domestic, and industrial sectors. Challenges were faced in data collection as the brackish water reverse osmosis desalination technology is considered somehow new in Jordan.

 

Three brackish water desalination plants were assessed from the agricultural, domestic, and industrial sectors. The study shows that the capacity of medium-scale brackish water desalination plants powered by the electricity network was in the range of 460-1240 m3/day. They had a specific energy consumption of 2.7-5.6 kWh/m3, and the desalination cost was about 0.62-1.18 USD/m3. In comparison, the larger brackish water desalination plants had a 12,600-32,400 m3/day capacity. Their average specific energy consumption was about 3 kWh/m3, and approximately the desalination cost was 0.65 USD/m3. It was concluded that the larger the plant’s capacity, the less water production costs become. The brackish water desalination plants in the industrial sector were associated with the highest economic and energy consumption. In general, there is a need to improve the water and energy performance of the assessed brackish water desalination plants in Jordan. This reduces the pressure created by the over-pumping of groundwater sources and the associated operating costs. Jordan is blessed with an abundance of solar energy, so photovoltaic (PV) solar panels have been suggested to reduce the energy consumption patterns for the assessed brackish water reverse osmosis plants to get closer to our energy benchmark of 1.3 kWh/m3. In this study, the installation of PV panels showed about 50-54% energy and cost reduction in the lifetime period estimated as 15 years for the brackish water desalination plants in the industrial sector and 20 years for those in the agricultural and domestic sectors. The study showed promising results for the potential cost-effectiveness of brackish water reverse osmosis desalination powered by PV panels (PV-BWRO desalination).

 

Author(s) Details

Ahmed N. Bdour

Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.

Raha M. Al-Kharabsheh

R&I Centre for the Conservation of Biodiversity and Sustainable Development (CBDS), Faculty of Forestry and Natural Environment Engineering, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Spain.

 

Please see the link:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/strufp/v7/952

Present Energy Scenario and Solar Energy as an Alternative Option | Chapter 7 | New Horizons of Science, Technology and Culture Vol. 3

 

With the global energy demand surging and fossil fuel reserves depleting, solar energy has emerged as a pivotal alternative for clean and sustainable energy generation. Among solar thermal technologies, Flat Plate Collectors (FPCs) and Evacuated Tube Collectors (ETCs) are widely employed for domestic and industrial heating applications. This paper investigates the current energy scenario with a focus on solar energy as a replacement for conventional sources, and presents a comparative evaluation of FPCs and ETCs. The study highlights the distinct advantages of ETCs—such as higher thermal efficiency, better insulation, and improved performance under diffused radiation and colder climates. Through theoretical analysis and technical comparison, the findings reveal that ETCs consistently outperform FPCs, particularly in applications requiring high operating temperatures and year-round efficiency. As the need for reliable, low-emission energy systems grows, ETC-based solar heating systems offer a compelling solution for energy security and environmental protection.

 

Author(s) Details

Dilip Mishra
Faculty of Science & Technology, ICFAI University Raipur, NH-53, Raipur-Bhilai Highway, Kumhari, 490042, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India.

 

Ramesh Kumar Yadav
Faculty of Science & Technology, ICFAI University Raipur, NH-53, Raipur-Bhilai Highway, Kumhari, 490042, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India.

 

Debendra Shadangi
Faculty of Commerce, ICFAI University Raipur, NH-53, Raipur-Bhilai Highway, Kumhari, 490042, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/nhstc/v3/5783

Sustainable Heating for Building Premises Using Solar Energy | Chapter 7 | New Horizons of Science, Technology and Culture Vol. 1

The objective of this work is to demonstrate the importance of solar thermal systems for energy savings in buildings. The solar thermal system covers the heating needs of the offices. The solar thermal collectors are installed on the building's terrace and are used to heat water. This water will be stored in the solar tank, then distributed to the premises by heat emitters. The building is located on the heights of Algiers. Based on the surface area of the premises to be heated, we sized the heating system and calculated the energy demand, which depends on the surface area of the collectors to be installed and the storage tank. TRNSYS software is used for dynamic simulation of the building's performance. The annual energy requirements for heating amount to 2,754 kWh. This led to the installation of a 10 m² solar thermal collector field and a 500-litre solar tank. The useful energy of the solar collector field reached 500 kJ/h in June. This fully covers the heating demand (100%). For the summer season, this energy will be used to produce domestic hot water.

 

 

Author (s) Details

R. Kharchi
Centre de Développement des Energies Renouvelables, CDER, B.P. 62, Route de l’Observatoire, 16340 Bouzaréah, Alger, Algérie.

 

S. Sami
Centre de Développement des Energies Renouvelables, CDER, B.P. 62, Route de l’Observatoire, 16340 Bouzaréah, Alger, Algérie.

 

S. Hakem
Centre de Développement des Energies Renouvelables, CDER, B.P. 62, Route de l’Observatoire, 16340 Bouzaréah, Alger, Algérie.

 

K. Imessad
Centre de Développement des Energies Renouvelables, CDER, B.P. 62, Route de l’Observatoire, 16340 Bouzaréah, Alger, Algérie.

 

S. Bouchaib
Centre de Développement des Energies Renouvelables, CDER, B.P. 62, Route de l’Observatoire, 16340 Bouzaréah, Alger, Algérie.

 

S. Larbi-youcef
Centre de Développement des Energies Renouvelables, CDER, B.P. 62, Route de l’Observatoire, 16340 Bouzaréah, Alger, Algérie.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/nhstc/v1/5503

Experimental Evaluation of a Mobile Wick Solar Still with External Condenser in Rennes, France| Chapter 7 | Scientific Research, New Technologies and Applications Vol. 3

This study assesses the performance of a novel mobile wick solar still with a passive external condenser, designed and manufactured by IPFH2O. The objective of the system is to facilitate the production of potable water from non-potable water sources through the utilisation of solar energy. The system is designed for use in areas where access to drinking water remains a significant challenge. The tests were conducted over a four-day period between October and December 2021 at the University of Rennes 1, which is situated in Brittany, an area characterised by a sub-oceanic climate. The system was monitored manually in accordance with a one-hour interval schedule on the test days. The data collected included measurements of the temperatures of the components, the relative humidity, the global insolation, and the hourly production. This data was then used to calculate the system's energy and exergy yields in order to assess the system's performance. The data collected enables the system's performance to be determined and compared with that of other existing solar installations. In addition, the data allows for the characterisation of the system's operation and the proposal of technical solutions to optimise it. Distilled water production is halted completely when the sun's rays are too weak to rotate the belt, before terminating the acquisition. The obtained data is initially processed and recorded using XFlow software. It is then converted into Excel format for further analysis.

 

Author (s) Details

Sory Diarra
Laboratoire Eau, Energie, Environnement et Procédés Industriels (LE3PI), Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Ecole Supérieure Polytechnique de Dakar, BP: 5085, Dakar-Fann, Sénégal.

 

Sidy Mactar Sokhna
Laboratoire Eau, Energie, Environnement et Procédés Industriels (LE3PI), Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Ecole Supérieure Polytechnique de Dakar, BP: 5085, Dakar-Fann, Sénégal.

 

Souley Faye
Laboratoire Eau, Energie, Environnement et Procédés Industriels (LE3PI), Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Ecole Supérieure Polytechnique de Dakar, BP: 5085, Dakar-Fann, Sénégal.

Paul Byrne
LGCGM, Université de Rennes, 35000, Rennes, France.

 

Ousmane Sow
Laboratoire Eau, Energie, Environnement et Procédés Industriels (LE3PI), Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Ecole Supérieure Polytechnique de Dakar, BP: 5085, Dakar-Fann, Sénégal.

 

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/srnta/v3/2184

 

Harnessing Sun Power for Mosquito Control and Smart Air Quality Monitoring | Chapter 7 | Current Perspective to Physical Science Research Vol. 8

 The main objective of this study is to develop a solar-powered mosquito trap equipped with air quality monitoring. Controlling mosquito infestations is a persistent issue that needs ongoing observation and accomplishment. This is because mosquitoes can transmit a number of fatal diseases, and each year they cause the deaths of one million people. The traditional preventative techniques, which involve employing insecticides and bug zappers, are not as successful and have a variety of negative effects on the ecosystem, including the extinction of beneficial insects, changes in mosquito biology, and altered climates. In this study, a solar-powered mosquito trap is created to trap mosquitoes by sucking them in using a fan while being attracted to a built-in LED to lure them into the trap. An air quality monitor is equipped to observe the change of temperature and carbon dioxide (CO2) of the surroundings and as a method to centralize the installation of the trap. The monitor display and air quality data retrieval are processed by an Arduino microcontroller. In the prototype observation, it was shown that the temperature increased proportional to CO2 concentration. The power efficiency of this device increased by 30% when using a solar panel. At optimal sunlight exposure and adequate battery capacity, the device would run for more than 24 hours and would get charged instantly on the next day when sunlight is present. With the air quality monitoring, it will be easier to centralize the installation of the mosquito trap and create a guideline on the suitability of installing the mosquito trap in a particular area.

Author(s) Details:

Raja Siti Nur Adiimah Raja Aris,
Faculty of Engineering Technology, UC TATI, 24000, Kemaman, Terengganu, Malaysia.

Ahmad Armin Sulong,
Faculty of Engineering Technology, UC TATI, 24000, Kemaman, Terengganu, Malaysia.

Suzanna Ridzuan Aw,
Faculty of Engineering Technology, UC TATI, 24000, Kemaman, Terengganu, Malaysia.

Farah Hanan Azimi,
Faculty of Engineering Technology, UC TATI, 24000, Kemaman, Terengganu, Malaysia.

Lia Safiyah Syafie,
Faculty of Engineering Technology, UC TATI, 24000, Kemaman, Terengganu, Malaysia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPPSR-V8/article/view/13976

Construction of Salinity Gradient Solar Pond and Its Maintenance | Chapter 4 | Emerging Issues in Environment, Geography and Earth Science Vol. 9

 The present study explores about salinity gradient solar pond construction and maintenance. Solar pond consists of three layers which are upper convective zone (UCZ), non-convective zone (NCZ) and lower convective zone (LCZ). The solar pond collects solar radiation and stores it at the bottom of the pond as thermal energy for a relatively longer period of time. The upper convective zone has the lowest density and temperature. Since renewable energy may prevent environmental contamination including air pollution, it has become a preferred alternative to fossil fuels. Future generations will considerably benefit from power generation from renewable energy sources due to the growing human population and increased demand for electricity. Solar energy is one of the renewable resources that may be used to power our systems. An inexpensive solar collector that can be utilized for long-term heat storage is the salinity gradient solar pond. The storage of heat is useful for the generation of power during cloudy day and at night, in addition being very useful compared to other solar system. In this research, the solar pond was filled with saline water with increasing of density from top to the bottom as solar radiation was being absorb at the bottom of the pond. This project mainly focused on the construction of the salinity gradient solar pond and the methods to maintain the condition of solar pond. The parameters, such as temperature, density and pH value of water in solar pond was obtained as part of the maintenance and stability of the pond. The construction and maintenance of this salinity gradient solar pond was simple and low cost thus it is good example to replace other type of solar system such as PV solar system.

Author(s) Details:

Syed Muhammad Faris Syed Mahizan,
School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.

Baljit Singh,
School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.

Aneurin Nanggar Nyandang,
School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.

Nuraida Aadilia Bahrin,
School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.

Muhammad Fairuz Remeli,
School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.

Amandeep Oberoi,
Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/EIEGES-V9/article/view/13832

Feasibility Study with Flexibility and Uncertainty about Investment in Generation of Photovoltaic Solar Energy | Chapter 6 | Advances and Challenges in Science and Technology Vol. 6

 The aim of this research search out establish a methodology that authorizes the capture of environmental doubts by enhancing decision-making so that assess the animation of funding a solar radiation producing project. a photovoltaic (PV) technologies for power generation bookkeeping scheme is proposed and used. The adopted blueprint aims to overcome limitations of normal indicators such as EROI (Energy Return on Investment) and EPBT (Energy Payback Time) and to present a more inclusive description of strength and material transformations. The paper gives a comparative reasoning of the investment practicability of a solar tiny-energy system for buying, taking into account a administration of certainty and uncertainty. The cost of cosmic panels and the electricity levy were the two speculated stochastic variables. The trajectories were fake with the binomial approach that linked resulted in a quadratic drawing. The applied methods presented high-quality recommendation and the option to wait was ultimate valuable. The exchange of the energy acquired from Light Serviços de Eletricidade S/A - Brazilian electricity company by own era of energy accompanying a solar photovoltaic beginning will be viable for the manager because it observes the behavior of the variables over opportunity and follows the rules of optimal resolution.

Author(s) Details:

Lucimeire Cordeiro da Silva,
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Administração, UNIGRANRIO – Universidade Grande Rio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and Escola de Gestão e Negócios, UNIFOA – Centro Universitário de Volta Redonda, Volta Redonda/RJ, Brazil.

Tara Keshar Nanda Baidya,
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Administração, UNIGRANRIO – Universidade Grande Rio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ACST-V6/article/view/12133

A Low Energy Consumption Flight Path Using Minimum Sink Rate Glide for Solar-powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicles | Chapter 7 | Research and Developments in Engineering Research Vol. 3

 A cosmic-powered unmanned flying vehicle (UAV) is a type of drone stimulate by solar cells equipped onboard which capture solar energy all the while daylight and converts into electric capacity. Such generated capacity is supplied to the motor to throw the aircraft and other stereos or to recharge the battery working. Solar-powered UAVs have any of advantages over traditional relic-fuel-powered drones. For one, they are much more environmentally intimate, producing nothing emissions and requiring no fuel expected transported to their location. Additionally, cause they can stay aloft for extended periods momentary, they are useful for a difference of applications, including following, mapping, and monitoring of referring to practices or policies that do not negatively affect the environment conditions. This stage presents the generation of low strength flight path for a small 5.5 kg help-launchable low-altitude long lastingness (LALE) solar stimulate UAV. The goal of proposed work search out decrease the energy consumption of airplane to increase the endurance by using the optimum climb angle and the minimum decrease rate glide. A climb and fly phase energy growth with the confirmation of surplus solar energy to satisfy the strength consumption has been projected.

Author(s) Details:

G. R. Nikhade,
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shri Ramdeobaba College of Engineering & Management, Nagpur, India.

Vaibhav Barde,
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shri Ramdeobaba College of Engineering & Management, Nagpur, India.

Yugal Birzare,
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shri Ramdeobaba College of Engineering & Management, Nagpur, India.

Gaurav Wadibhasme,
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shri Ramdeobaba College of Engineering & Management, Nagpur, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RADER-V3/article/view/10511

Application of Surfactants in Photoelectrochemical cell for Solar Energy Conversion and Storage | Chapter 7 | Current Innovations in Chemical and Materials Sciences Vol. 1

 Photoelectrochemical Cell is a Photogalvanic ploy that absorbs light with a high-assimilation electrolyte solution and provides strength for reactions. A increasing interest in Photoelectrochemical Cells has resulted from the search for energy from undepletable source sources due to the feasibility that they could convert solar energy into energetic energy.  Power depository is crucial for wind and solar power production. Surfactants in Photoelectrochemical solar cells offer a hopeful alternative for producing and storing solar power simultaneously. Studying container performance, Critical micelle concentration (CMC) considerably impact photogalvanics, increasing storage competency and conversion efficiency. Surfactants advance cost-effective and experienced Photoelectrochemical Cell development in the future. The assimilation spectra of the systems accompanying and without surfactant were also intentional. Furthermore, the utilization of surfactant publishing for the storage of solar energy and adaptation from solar cell using dyes are too included.

Author(s) Details:

Shanker Lal Meena,
Photoelectrochemical Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jai Naraian Vyas University, Jodhpur, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CICMS-V1/article/view/11877

Analysis of Cooling System Parameters by Solar Concentrating Panel with Fresnel Lens | Chapter 6 | Research Highlights in Science and Technology Vol. 8

 Solar energy aggregation technology using Fresnel glass is an effective way of employing solar energy on account of its thin, lightweight creation that are available in different sizes, accompanying excellent light absorbing capability for a variety of requests. Concentrated photovoltaics is a major application and the maximal solar-to-electric change efficiency, the Fresnel lens are stated about 30% higher efficiency. An attempt has happened made to state the benefits of the use of Fresnel Collectors in concentrating solar power. The work intentional about PV cells that are used accompanying a lens arrangement method inbetween them, and for heat decline a cooling system is too attached to maximize the effectiveness. By using Fresnel lens, the manufacturing of PV cell maybe maximized and the cost can be minimized. Here it is erect that, with low cost of organizing the system can obtained the capacity output 2-2.35 times above normal PV committee system, i.e. the cost maybe reduced in half or capacity output can be increase double or greater for a likely cost. The maximum performance from this system is about 62.7% increases that is quite acceptable. Although the present application scale is limited, the ongoing research and development everything suggest that Fresnel glass solar concentrators can be a alternative method with higher adeptness than conventional type system. It will influence a breakthrough of monetary solar energy concentration use technology in the near future. The adeptness of solar systems, specifically photovoltaic panels, is generally depressed based on temperature and the harvest of the P.V. module is adversely overwhelmed by their surface rise in temperature. This increase is associated with the engrossed sunlight that is convinced into heat, resulting in lowered power output, strength efficiency, performance and existence of the panel. The use of cooling methods can offer a potential solution to prevent excessive heating of P.V. panels and to lower cell temperature.

Author(s) Details:

Ch. Indira Priyadarsini,
Mechanical Department, Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology, Osman Sagar Rd, Kokapet, Gandipet, Telangana 500075, India.

P. Anjani Devi,
Mechanical Department, Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology, Osman Sagar Rd, Kokapet, Gandipet, Telangana 500075, India.

R. P. Chowdary,
Mechanical Department, Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology, Osman Sagar Rd, Kokapet, Gandipet, Telangana 500075, India.

R. Navaneetha,
Mechanical Department, Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology, Osman Sagar Rd, Kokapet, Gandipet, Telangana 500075, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHST-V8/article/view/11542

Multifunctional Device for Measuring and Monitoring Parameters of a Photovoltaic Module | Chapter 12 | Research and Developments in Engineering Research Vol. 4

 In this work, analyzes of existing devices for measuring the current-voltage characteristic were carried out in order to compare several devices. The purpose of this work is to develop a device for measuring the current-voltage characteristics of photovoltaic modules and the environmental factors affecting them. The paper discusses a system for monitoring solar module parameters that measure air temperature, module temperature, solar radiation, wind speed, current-voltage characteristic, maximum power point (MPP), efficiency, and fill factor (FF) and stores the data in a computer. The system is constructed around a programmable microcontroller with an analog-to-digital converter built in. The suggested system's program code also includes an algorithm for determining the maximum power point of the solar module. Because every parameter are taken into account automatically and written to the computer in the form of tables, the system performs all measurements in real time and is simple to use.  In order to compare the suggested monitoring system with alternative commercial measuring equipment, the research looked at their properties. The proposal includes a circuit diagram for a monitoring system as well as an electrical circuit to measure current-voltage characteristics.

Author(s) Details:

Davronov Shokhjakhon,
Department of Software Engineering, Karshi Branch of the Tashkent University of Information Technologies Named after Muhammad al-Khwarizmi, Karshi, Uzbekistan.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RADER-V4/article/view/10749

Modern Photovoltaic Installation Connected to the Distribution and Transport Network| Chapter 1 | Current Overview on Science and Technology Research Vol. 5

 The research on photovoltaic (PV) installations linked to the electrical distribution and transport network, as well as these malfunction detection devices, is the subject of this chapter. This project relies on injecting 16 KW of power onto the medium voltage electrical network from a PV panel field (25 KV). We have interposed blocks that control the opening and closing of the power switches of the DC/AC converter and synchronise the phase, amplitude, as well as the frequency of the voltage and current, injected into the electrical network in order to make the injection system reliant on the network and to minimise power losses. The simulation results demonstrate that the planned system detects system failures on the network side (voltage dip, phase shedding, frequency fluctuation, imbalance of the three-phase system), on the field side of the PV panel (distrust of converters, etc.), and ensures that electrical energy is injected into the network while the PV generators are operating.

Author(s) Details:

A. Lamkaddem,
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Mohamed First University, Laboratory of Electromagnetic, Signal Processing & Renewable Energy LESPRE, Team Electronic Materials & Renewable Energy EMRE, Oujda, Morocco.

N. El Moussaoui,
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Mohamed First University, Laboratory of Electromagnetic, Signal Processing & Renewable Energy LESPRE, Team Electronic Materials & Renewable Energy EMRE, Oujda, Morocco.

M. Rhiat,
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Mohamed First University, Laboratory of Electromagnetic, Signal Processing & Renewable Energy LESPRE, Team Electronic Materials & Renewable Energy EMRE, Oujda, Morocco.

K. Kassmi,
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Mohamed First University, Laboratory of Electromagnetic, Signal Processing & Renewable Energy LESPRE, Team Electronic Materials & Renewable Energy EMRE, Oujda, Morocco.

R. Malek,
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Mohamed First University, Laboratory of Electromagnetic, Signal Processing & Renewable Energy LESPRE, Team Electronic Materials & Renewable Energy EMRE, Oujda, Morocco.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/COSTR-V5/issue/view/816

Performance Studies on a Multi-cellular Boost Converter Dedicated for Domestic DC Applications (Cooker) | Chapter 14 | Research Developments in Science and Technology Vol. 10

 

 In this chapter, we outline the design, sizing, and testing of a power system that enables photovoltaic renewable energy to be used to power DC equipment via solar batteries (Cookers, distillers, refrigerators, dryers, ...). The suggested system is based on the usage of a multi-cell DC/DC converter of the Boost type that is managed by a microcontroller and produces PWM signals with a 20 kHz frequency and variable duty cycle. The solar batteries (24 V, 520 Ah) store the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic panels (600 W), which is subsequently transmitted to the application via the suggested DC/DC converter. The maximum temperatures of the heating resistance and the oil are achieved by the fry-cooking system (by hot plate cooker), which exhibits a DC/DC converter efficiency of 84 percent, during trial. After 6 minutes of heating, the oil temperature reaches 100°C, or 16.67°C/min with a cooking duration of around 20 minutes, or temperatures of around 640°C and 230°C, respectively. Approximately 28.72 Ah, or 5.52 percent of the overall battery capacity, is the battery consumption capacity. The economic analysis of the usage of renewable energy stored in batteries and a comparison of all the outcomes with those predicted reveal that the power system suggested in this work works well and is legitimate.

Author(s) Details:

Rhiat Mohammed,

Mohamed First University, Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Laboratory of Electromagnetic, Signal Processing & Renewable Energy LESPRE, Team Electronic Materials & Renewable Energy EMRE, Oujda, Morocco.

Noureddine El Moussaoui,

Mohamed First University, Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Laboratory of Electromagnetic, Signal Processing & Renewable Energy LESPRE, Team Electronic Materials & Renewable Energy EMRE, Oujda, Morocco.

Ali Lamkaddem,

Mohamed First University, Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Laboratory of Electromagnetic, Signal Processing & Renewable Energy LESPRE, Team Electronic Materials & Renewable Energy EMRE, Oujda, Morocco.

Khalil Kassmi,

Mohamed First University, Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Laboratory of Electromagnetic, Signal  Processing & Renewable Energy LESPRE, Team Electronic Materials & Renewable Energy EMRE, Oujda, Morocco and  Association Humain and Environnement of Berkane (AHEB), Berkane, Morocco.

Rachid Malek,

Mohamed First University, Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Laboratory of Electromagnetic, Signal Processing & Renewable Energy LESPRE, Team Electronic Materials & Renewable Energy EMRE, Oujda, Morocco.

Olivier Deblecker,

University of Mons, Faculty of Engineering, Electrical Power Engineering Unit, Mons, Belgium.

Najib Bachiri,

Association Humain and Environnement of Berkane (AHEB), Berkane, Morocco.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RDST-V10/article/view/7728

Experimental Studies on a Multi-Stage Solar Desalination Plant (MSD) under Moroccan Climate| Chapter 13 | Research Developments in Science and Technology Vol. 10

 

 In this chapter, we've described a solar desalination system that consists of an evaporation/condensation unit made up of a bottom basin and eight horizontal stages, connected to a field of four flat thermal collectors, each with a surface area of 2.1 m2, and a pump powered by photovoltaic panels. An experimental measurement of the desalination system was used to validate a simulation model that used a numerical solution to a set of differential equations characterising the system. According to the MSD system's testing findings, the highest stage temperatures for the 2020–2022 growing season will be 90°C, and the system will produce a maximum of 50–60 litres of water with a conductivity of 50–70 s/cm and a salt level of 0.045 g/L. In order to ensure the production of pure (drinking) water with a conductivity (2700 s/cm) and a salt content (500 mg/L), from a high conductivity well (4050 s/cm) and salt content (> 2720 mg/L), by solar energy, this pilot station in Douar Al Hamri, in the rural town of Boughriba in the Province of Berkane, Morocco, was installed and tested in the weather conditions of this isolated region The simulations and the experiment have great agreement, as shown by the modelling of these experimental data using the thermal equations established throughout this work. The evaluation of all the data and comparisons with the literature make it abundantly evident that the MSD system blocks established during this effort are operating effectively.

Author(s) Details:

Noureddine El Moussaoui,
Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Mohamed First University, Laboratory of Electromagnetic, Signal Processing and Renewable Energy LESPRE, Team Electronic Materials and Renewable Energy EMRE, Oujda, Morocco.

Rhiat Mohammed,
Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Mohamed First University, Laboratory of Electromagnetic, Signal Processing and Renewable Energy LESPRE, Team Electronic Materials and Renewable Energy EMRE, Oujda, Morocco.

Khalil Kassmi,
Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Mohamed First University, Laboratory of Electromagnetic, Signal Processing and Renewable Energy LESPRE, Team Electronic Materials and Renewable Energy EMRE, Oujda, Morocco and Association Humain and Environnement of Berkane (AHEB), Berkane, Morocco.

Rachid Malek,
Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Mohamed First University, Laboratory of Electromagnetic, Signal Processing and Renewable Energy LESPRE, Team Electronic Materials and Renewable Energy EMRE, Oujda, Morocco.

Spiros Alexopoulos,
Solar-Institut Jülich (SIJ), FH Aachen, Germany.

Klemens Schwarzer,
Engineering Office of Energy and Environmental Technology (IBEU), Julich, Germany.

Pascal Schmitz,
Solar-Institut Julich (SIJ), FH Aachen, Germany.

Hamid Chayeb,
Solar-Institut Jülich (SIJ), FH Aachen, Germany.

Najib Bachiri,
Association Humain and Environnement of Berkane (AHEB), Berkane, Morocco.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RDST-V10/article/view/7727

Recovery of Solar Energy for Powering Small Device as Wireless Communicating Nodes | Chapter 05 | Technological Innovation in Engineering Research Vol. 1

 In this study, we built and simulated a solar energy recovery and storage system for wireless sensors. To accomplish so, we created models for each component: the solar panel, the adaptation circuit (in which we used the disrupt and observe command in conjunction with fuzzy logic to determine the MPP), and the energy storage supercapacitor. This research is part of an effort to use wireless sensors and actuators to safeguard Senegal's rice fields against grain-eating birds. Energy consumption is a critical factor in this wireless communication method between things. Indeed, it determines how long applications based on this technology will last. This research developed and modelled a solar energy recovery and storage system for powering wireless sensors. We did this by modelling each component, which included the The supercapacitor for energy storage, the solar panel, and the adaptation circuit, which used the disrupt and observe instruction in conjunction with fuzzy logic to discover the MPP. Supercapacitor technology was also used to store energy in the study. In the research region, the models' simulations produce adequate results for a wireless communication node's independent power supply.

Author(S) Details

Salick Diagne
Gaston Berger University, Saint-Louis, Senegal.

Abdou Karim Farota
Gaston Berger University, Saint-Louis, Senegal.

Ognadon Assogba
Gaston Berger University, Saint-Louis, Senegal.

Bouya Diop
Gaston Berger University, Saint-Louis, Senegal.

Thierry Val
IRIT, University of Toulouse 2, Toulouse, France.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/TIER-V1/article/view/6803

Metal Oxide Thin Films Used as Solar Absorbers: Review| Chapter 1 | Progress in Chemical Science Research Vol. 1

Metal oxide materials are gaining popularity due to their remarkable physical, optical, and electrical qualities. Laser devices, supercapacitors, solar cells, biosensors, biomedicine, photo catalysis, and luminous materials are just a few of the uses for these thin films. Many scientists have documented the synthesis of metal oxide films utilising various deposition processes such as physical and chemical approaches. Characterization is a crucial step in ensuring that the thin films produced can be utilised for certain applications. Based on a literature study, the major goal of this work is to report on the creation or improvement of thin film based solar cells, perovskite solar cells, and dye sensitised solar cells. The photovoltaic properties (short-circuit current, open-circuit voltage, fill factor, and efficiency) of solar cells made under diverse circumstances were examined. The many types of solar cells were built, and the efficiency of power conversion was highlighted. Metal oxide films might be used as an electron transport layer, electron conducting medium, anti-reflecting layer, and hole transport material, according to the overall experimental results.

Author(s) Details:

Ho Soonmin,
Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Putra Nilai, 71800, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/PCSR-V1/article/view/6756

Estimating the use of Distributed Electricity Generation Technologies in Tourism Industry | Chapter 7 | Challenging Issues on Environment and Earth Science Vol. 7

Because of their environmental and economic benefits, distributed power generating technologies are becoming more widely used in a variety of industries around the world. The current study's goal is to look at how these technologies, which use either fossil fuels or renewable energies, are used in the hotel business, as well as their characteristics, benefits, and downsides. Several distributed electricity generation technologies being investigated, including co-generation of heat and power systems. For electricity generation, some of them use renewable energies such as solar, wind, and biomass. Others are linked to different co-generation technologies, such as fuel cells. Many hotels have requirements. Technologies have the advantage of being able to meet practically all of a person's needs in terms of both electricity and heat. Solar photovoltaic energy, cogeneration systems, wind turbines, and fuel cells are all examples of distributed electricity generation technologies that are already in use in hotels. Their energy efficiency ranges from ten percent to ninety percent. Renewable energy technologies produce carbon-free electricity, whereas natural gas-fueled technologies produce electricity with low carbon emissions. Technology has benefits and downsides, and the use of each technology is dependent on the hotel's characteristics as well as the availability of renewable energy supplies in the area. The findings of this study are significant for the hotel industry because they show that they can use environmentally friendly distributed electricity generation technologies to meet their electricity and, in some cases, heating needs, reducing their carbon footprint and increasing their energy and environmental sustainability.

Author (S) Details

Dr. Ioannis S. Vourdoubas
Hellenic Mediterranean University, Estavromenos, 107 B, El. Venizelou Str. 71410, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.


View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CIEES-V7/article/view/3059

 

Performance Analysis of Rooftop Grid Connected Solar Photovoltaic System | Chapter 14 | Advanced Aspects of Engineering Research Vol. 13

 For electric power generation, solar technology is the chosen trend. Solar photovoltaic systems connected to the grid are a cost-effective way to generate electricity on a large scale. Such huge power systems operate effectively on the grid. A 150KW grid-connected solar photovoltaic system was designed and modeled in this study, and the results were compared to real-time data.

RenewSys DESERV3M6 72 Cells is the model utilized for real-time data. It's a Silicon Poly-Crystalline Module. We looked at the design and annual performance of a grid-connected solar photovoltaic power plant in this paper. We also looked into how the output power of the SPV system degraded.

Author(s) Details

Tarana Afrin Chandel
Research laboratory in Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Integral University, Post: Dasauli, Kursi Road, Lucknow 226026. Uttar Pradesh, India.

Md Arifuddin Mallick
Research laboratory in Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Integral University, Post: Dasauli, Kursi Road, Lucknow 226026. Uttar Pradesh, India.

Mohd Yusuf Yasin
Research laboratory in Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Integral University, Post: Dasauli, Kursi Road, Lucknow 226026. Uttar Pradesh, India.

View Book :  https://stm.bookpi.org/AAER-V13/article/view/1173