Effective RF Transmitter and Receiver System Using 2.4 GHz for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles | Chapter 6| Current Approaches in Engineering Research and Technology Vol. 7

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), commonly known as drones, are aircraft operated without an onboard human pilot. They have a wide range of applications, including military operations, emergency response such as firefighting, and various civilian uses, making them a significant focus of ongoing research. This study aims to develop a cost-effective and efficient communication system between transmitters and receivers for UAVs, enhancing their operational capabilities over long distances to reduce response times in critical scenarios such as military operations, firefighting, and medical emergencies. We propose using 2.4 GHz RF modules for the transmitter and receiver systems, providing 256 channels for reliable and economical long-range data transmission. Integrating multiple transmitters with a single receiver further enhances the system's functionality. The nRF modules consume current between 12.63 mA and 15.94 mA, demonstrating reliable operation with an average communication range of 750 to 950 meters between transmitter and receiver. This performance was evaluated using a Quadcopter Drone. Additionally, upgrading the nRF front-end module from 2.4 GHz to 5.7 GHz is explored to extend the transmission range and improve overall system performance.

 

Author(s) Details

S D Vijayakumar
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Builders Engineering College, Kangeyam, Tiruppur District - 638108, India.

 

G Vijayakumari
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Builders Engineering College, Kangeyam, Tiruppur District - 638108, India.

 

R Praveenkumar
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Builders Engineering College, Kangeyam, Tiruppur District - 638108, India.

 

V Kuma
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Builders Engineering College, Kangeyam, Tiruppur District - 638108, India.

 

T Velmurugan
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Builders Engineering College, Kangeyam, Tiruppur District - 638108, India.

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/caert/v7/1590

Harnessing Sun Power for Mosquito Control and Smart Air Quality Monitoring | Chapter 7 | Current Perspective to Physical Science Research Vol. 8

 The main objective of this study is to develop a solar-powered mosquito trap equipped with air quality monitoring. Controlling mosquito infestations is a persistent issue that needs ongoing observation and accomplishment. This is because mosquitoes can transmit a number of fatal diseases, and each year they cause the deaths of one million people. The traditional preventative techniques, which involve employing insecticides and bug zappers, are not as successful and have a variety of negative effects on the ecosystem, including the extinction of beneficial insects, changes in mosquito biology, and altered climates. In this study, a solar-powered mosquito trap is created to trap mosquitoes by sucking them in using a fan while being attracted to a built-in LED to lure them into the trap. An air quality monitor is equipped to observe the change of temperature and carbon dioxide (CO2) of the surroundings and as a method to centralize the installation of the trap. The monitor display and air quality data retrieval are processed by an Arduino microcontroller. In the prototype observation, it was shown that the temperature increased proportional to CO2 concentration. The power efficiency of this device increased by 30% when using a solar panel. At optimal sunlight exposure and adequate battery capacity, the device would run for more than 24 hours and would get charged instantly on the next day when sunlight is present. With the air quality monitoring, it will be easier to centralize the installation of the mosquito trap and create a guideline on the suitability of installing the mosquito trap in a particular area.

Author(s) Details:

Raja Siti Nur Adiimah Raja Aris,
Faculty of Engineering Technology, UC TATI, 24000, Kemaman, Terengganu, Malaysia.

Ahmad Armin Sulong,
Faculty of Engineering Technology, UC TATI, 24000, Kemaman, Terengganu, Malaysia.

Suzanna Ridzuan Aw,
Faculty of Engineering Technology, UC TATI, 24000, Kemaman, Terengganu, Malaysia.

Farah Hanan Azimi,
Faculty of Engineering Technology, UC TATI, 24000, Kemaman, Terengganu, Malaysia.

Lia Safiyah Syafie,
Faculty of Engineering Technology, UC TATI, 24000, Kemaman, Terengganu, Malaysia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPPSR-V8/article/view/13976

An Invention of Smart Glove to Help the Elderly Patients | Chapter 1 | Advances and Challenges in Science and Technology Vol. 3

 Aging is typified as the progressive decline of physiological competencies required lasting and reproduction over time. Everyone in the planet should protect old patients and treat ruling class the way they concede possibility be handled. Most older nation are encountering strength problems as they age and are being placed in residences and orphanages. Elders are unable to visit doctors on a regular support to assess their fitness state. This article proposes a remedy for the old patients in the field by aiding them and bright them expected unafraid. The suggested arrangement takes use of many characteristics in the way that GPS and GSM modules, a pulse oximeter, an accelerometer, a touch sensor, and Bluetooth that communicate accompanying the Arduino. The suggested smart protection is used to assess temperature, discover falls, and monitor pulse rate in elderly things who are experience health problems. In this framework, for client health management, the proposed system is established supported movable health technology and engages a smart glove to license caregivers or physicians to line up as well as check the history of the patient's physiological dossier during welcome or her absence from the clinical center or home. These enumerations will assist them in care for older patients all the while challenging occasions for their survival. Furthermore, this smart glove is completely important for daughters's protection in order to hold them shielded from harm.

Author(s) Details:

J. Sofia Bobby,
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jerusalem College of Engineering, Chennai, India.

J. Jane Elona,
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jerusalem College of Engineering, Chennai, India.

J. H. Bismi,
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jerusalem College of Engineering, Chennai, India.

M. Dinesh Kumar,
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jerusalem College of Engineering, Chennai, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ACST-V3/article/view/12013

IoT Based Energy Efficient Water Supply Monitoring and Security System for Agriculture | Chapter 6 | Advances and Challenges in Science and Technology Vol. 1

 Agronomics is the powerful pillar of Indian saving and it deserves to be remodelled. To overcome backwardness of established methods of farming and to enhance the crop production, to prevent the risk of damaging crops, and commotion efficient use of water possessions, the latest science of Internet of things (IoT) is playing a critical role at this time. So, this paper is proposed place the soil sensor is used to collect large number of honest-time dossier from the agricultural fields. Through Internet connectedness the sensors are deployed to interact accompanying each other. The dossier collected from the sensors shipped to the Web server utilizing wireless sensor network. The foundation analyzes and processes the taken data. Notifications are then shipped to periodically, through the laborer's smart phone app, the peasant can track changes in soil dampness. This project builds on the previous process with new key face including souped up water, good management and clear news cultural awareness link. In addition, regulate the temperature, moisture and soil moisture of distinguished crops management of all these activities will be listened by a PC with cyberspace connection and venture will be carried out via connect sensors and Arduino.

Author(s) Details:

Alka Sawlikar,
RCERT, Chandrapur, India.

Suraj Sao,
RCERT, Chandrapur, India.

Sneha Angadalwar,
RCERT, Chandrapur, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ACST-V1/article/view/11863

Development of Automated Attendance System Using Face Recognition | Chapter 8 | Current Overview on Science and Technology Research Vol. 6

 Attendance notes during classroom lectures are not only difficult but also time consuming. There is always the possibility of representative participation. Tracking attendance using traditional methods has proven difficult. In recent years, common biometrics such as fingerprints have been used to overcome the problem of automatic presence her marking. Instead of using traditional methods, the proposed solution aims to create an automated system that records the presence of students using facial recognition technology. The main goal of this project is to make the attendance tracking and management system more efficient, time saving, simple and direct. Here, facial recognition technology is used to identify faces. The processed images are compared with existing saved datasets and attendance is recorded in the database accordingly.

Author(s) Details:

K. Pragathi,
BVRIT Hyderabad Collegeof Engineering for Women, India.

A. Spandana,
BVRIT Hyderabad Collegeof Engineering for Women, India.

Ch. Santosh Kumar,
BVRIT Hyderabad Collegeof Engineering for Women, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/COSTR-V6/article/view/8419

The Design of an Automated Etching System| Chapter 9 | Technological Innovation in Engineering Research Vol. 8

 The point of this study is the plan of a computerized scratching framework, Drawing is a subtractive technique utilized for the creation of printed circuit sheets (PCBs) where corrosive is utilized to eliminate undesirable copper from a pre-assembled cover. The manual technique is restricted to few sheets and is probably going to be wasteful. Beside that, openness to certain kinds of etchants might be hurtful to one's wellbeing. Then again, the machines accessible for this intention are cleaner and quicker, and they can draw numerous sheets on the double, yet they are very costly. This habitually deters limited scope Printed Circuit Board (PCB) makers from buying them. Nonetheless, the mechanized scratching framework depicted here looks to offer a method to complete the drawing system for a PCB board in a basic, spotless, safe, and conservative way. The printed circuit board utilizes conductive lines, cushions, and highlights scratched from copper sheets covered onto a non-conductive substrate to help and electrically interface electronic parts precisely.

Author(s) Details:

J. O. Olowoleni,
Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, School of Engineering, Covenant University Ota, Nigeria.

C. O. A. Awosope,
Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, School of Engineering, Covenant University Ota, Nigeria.

A.U. Adoghe,
Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, School of Engineering, Covenant University Ota, Nigeria.

A. F. Agbetuyi,
Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, School of Engineering, Covenant University Ota, Nigeria.

V. Oguntosin,
Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, School of Engineering, Covenant University Ota, Nigeria.

C. A. Halin,
Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, School of Engineering, Covenant University Ota, Nigeria.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/TIER-V8/article/view/8256

Estimating the Hydrolysis of Glucose from Bamboo with Micro Controller PID Type Arduino UNO and Fuzzy Method | Chapter 04 | New Approaches in Engineering Research Vol. 12

 Glucose demand has increased dramatically each year, while glucose production has declined, due to limited raw material availability, with bamboo being one of the raw material alternatives to glucose. Bamboo plants are plants that can grow fast and easily in many parts of Indonesia, and are selected based on cellulose levels that range from 42.4 percent to 53.6 percent. The goal of this study on the hydrolysis of bamboo using a Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) microcontroller is to use the Fuzzy approach and the Delphi programming simulation language to digitally process hydrolysis in identifying appropriate temperature and glucose levels. The application of microcontrollers PID using the Fuzzy method and simulation language Delphi programming, in the hydrolysis process of the microcontroller equipped PID type Arduino UNO, in the hydrolysis process of the microcontroller equipped PID type Arduino UNO, in the hydrolysis process of the microcontroller equipped PID type Arduino UNO, in the hydrolysis process of the microcontroller equipped PID type Arduino UNO, in the hydrolysis process of the microcontroller equipped PID type Arduino UNO, in The temperature profile, levels of cellulose hydrolysis time function, and the function time of glucose hydrolysis levels are all examples of research findings. At the time of the detailed set point temperature profile 97°C, the result of the PID process control with fault temperature below ten°C, the temperature as measured 94,696°C, and hydrolysis time 20 seconds is shown at an early stage. As the hydrolysis process control progressed, the PID indicated that the temperature measured was 96.59°C, and after 137 seconds, the measured temperature was 97°C, following the temperature set point, and was utilised as a basis to build tools in the hydrolysis process. The optimization of cellulose levels as a function of hydrolysis time is 18.7%, while the optimization of glucose levels as a function of hydrolysis time is 23,6%. The optimum levels of glucose were produced using a process design that included the manufacture of glucose from bamboo using a microcontroller equipped with hydrolysis and a PID temperature controller.

Author(S) Details

Ni Ketut Sari
Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur, Surabaya, Indonesia.

Dira Ernawati
Department of Industrial Engineering, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur, Surabaya, Indonesia.

Intan Yuniar Purbasari
Department of Informatics, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur, Surabaya, Indonesia.

Basuki Rahmat
Department of Informatics, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur, Surabaya, Indonesia.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/NAER-V12/article/view/3838

Estimating the Hydrolysis of Glucose from Bamboo with Micro Controller PID Type Arduino UNO and Fuzzy Method | Chapter 4 | New Approaches in Engineering Research Vol. 12

Glucose demand has increased dramatically each year, while glucose production has declined, due to limited raw material availability, with bamboo being one of the raw material alternatives to glucose. Bamboo plants are plants that can grow fast and easily in many parts of Indonesia, and are selected based on cellulose levels that range from 42.4 percent to 53.6 percent. The goal of this study on the hydrolysis of bamboo using a Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) microcontroller is to use the Fuzzy approach and the Delphi programming simulation language to digitally process hydrolysis in identifying appropriate temperature and glucose levels. The application of microcontrollers PID using the Fuzzy method and simulation language Delphi programming, in the hydrolysis process of the microcontroller equipped PID type Arduino UNO, in the hydrolysis process of the microcontroller equipped PID type Arduino UNO, in the hydrolysis process of the microcontroller equipped PID type Arduino UNO, in the hydrolysis process of the microcontroller equipped PID type Arduino UNO, in the hydrolysis process of the microcontroller equipped PID type Arduino UNO, in The temperature profile, levels of cellulose hydrolysis time function, and the function time of glucose hydrolysis levels are all examples of research findings. At the time of the detailed set point temperature profile 97°C, the result of the PID process control with fault temperature below ten°C, the temperature as measured 94,696°C, and hydrolysis time 20 seconds is shown at an early stage. As the hydrolysis process control progressed, the PID indicated that the temperature measured was 96.59°C, and after 137 seconds, the measured temperature was 97°C, following the temperature set point, and was utilised as a basis to build tools in the hydrolysis process. The optimization of cellulose levels as a function of hydrolysis time is 18.7%, while the optimization of glucose levels as a function of hydrolysis time is 23,6%. The optimum levels of glucose were produced using a process design that included the manufacture of glucose from bamboo using a microcontroller equipped with hydrolysis and a PID temperature controller.

Author (S) Details 

Ni Ketut Sari
Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur, Surabaya, Indonesia.

Dira Ernawati
Department of Industrial Engineering, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur, Surabaya, Indonesia.

Intan Yuniar Purbasari
Department of Informatics, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur, Surabaya, Indonesia.

Basuki Rahmat
Department of Informatics, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur, Surabaya, Indonesia.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NAER-V12/article/view/3838

Advanced Study on Electrically Operated Multipurpose Trolley | Chapter 8 | Advanced Aspects of Engineering Research Vol. 3

 The current paper is about the design and construction of an industrial trolley that can be used to transport luggage or other objects from one location to another. A trolley is useful for moving various objects from one location to another in our everyday lives or even at work, depending on the situation. Trolleys may be made of plastic, metal, or wood, depending on what is being transported. The shape and scale of the trolley's wheels will also differ depending on the type of ground it travels over and the work environment. Trollies are used to transport goods in shopping malls, airports, and factories. Passengers in airports use trollies to transport their luggage to the check-in counters. They can encounter higher weight issues at check-in, forcing them to pay an excess baggage fee or dispose of just a few essential things. At check-in, this causes an unpleasant and awkward situation. And if the passenger is elderly or a senior citizen, the situation becomes even more tense. In addition, a survey conducted at Muscat airport using a prepared questionnaire showed the need for significant improvements in current trollies in terms of luggage handling comfort, loading and unloading of luggage, and the need for luggage weight at the time of loading. In addition, many food and kitchen industries use trollies to collect and transport goods to stores after they have been weighed. The Arduino-based electronically controlled steerable trolley built here aims to resolve a few of these main issues by directly measuring the weight of the objects on the trolley and allowing for easy movement using battery power. AUTOCAD was used to build the trolley, and CREO V3 was used to perform a stress analysis on the structure. The fabrication is finished according to the specification and put through its paces. The trolley's testing revealed that for a maximum load of 90 kg, including the weight of the passengers, the time taken to travel on a smooth horizontal airport surface for a distance of 10 m at full and half rated motor speed is only 7 seconds and 9.6 seconds, respectively. At the Muscat airport, the trolley was also successfully checked for elevated slope, requiring an additional 25 seconds at full rated speed at maximum loading condition of 90 kg. The trolley also has a few extra features, such as photovoltaic system technology for charging smart devices and a sliding platform for fast loading and unloading of goods. Various disadvantages of traditional trolleys, such as unnecessary human labour and increased time commitment, were minimised. Future work would require the use of lighter aluminium alloy materials and solar panels to power the trolley.

Author (s) Details

Al Sult Al Kharusi
College of Engineering, National University of Science and Technology, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman.

Dinesh Keloth Kaithari
College of Engineering, National University of Science and Technology, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman.

Parimal S. Bhambare
College of Engineering, National University of Science and Technology, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/AAER-V3/issue/view/42