Transforming Municipal Solid Waste into Sustainable Thermal Energy: Innovations and Impacts | Chapter 24 | Innovative Solutions: A Systematic Approach towards Sustainable Future

The ever-increasing generation of solid waste has become a significant environmental challenge, posing threats to human health, ecosystems, and the planet as a whole. This paper provides an extensive examination of energy recovery methods for municipal solid waste (MSW), with a deliberate exclusion of special waste due to its highly variable nature. The focus on MSW stems from its significant international relevance and potential for energy extraction. The initial section delves into the global interest surrounding energy recovery from MSW, with specific attention directed towards the European Union. This region serves as a focal point due to its progressive policies and initiatives in waste management and sustainable energy practices. In the subsequent section, the paper investigates the dynamic nature of energy availability within MSW, considering both qualitative and quantitative shifts in waste composition over time. Understanding these fluctuations is crucial for developing effective energy recovery strategies. Selective collection methods are explored in the third section, emphasizing their impact on biogas utilization. The transition from traditional landfill-based approaches to more efficient reactor-based methods is highlighted, particularly in relation to the extraction of biogas from food waste. The fourth section delves into the evolving trends in residual MSW utilization, taking into account the influence of EU directives. These directives, notably Directive 1999/31/CE, encourage thermal treatments over landfilling, reflecting a broader shift towards sustainable waste management practices. Finally, the paper concludes with a detailed case study illustrating the potential of anaerobic digestion and thermal treatments to fulfill citizen energy demands. Overall, the results indicate that solid waste-to-thermal energy conversion has the potential to be a sustainable approach to waste management, contributing to both environmental protection and energy security. This real-world example provides valuable insights into the practical application of energy recovery technologies within the context of MSW management.

In summary, this paper offers a comprehensive exploration of energy recovery solutions from MSW, highlighting key considerations, trends, and strategies essential for advancing sustainable waste management practices on a global scale.

 

Author (s) Details

Arpita Santra
Department of ECE, Narula Institute of Technology, 81, Nilgunj Road, Kolkata – 700109, India.

 

Swati Barui
Department of ECE, Narula Institute of Technology, 81, Nilgunj Road, Kolkata – 700109, India.

 

Moupali Roy
Department of ECE, Narula Institute of Technology, 81, Nilgunj Road, Kolkata – 700109, India.

 

Tanay Chakraborty
Department of ECE, Narula Institute of Technology, 81, Nilgunj Road, Kolkata – 700109, India.

 

Dona Ganguly
Department of ECE, Narula Institute of Technology, 81, Nilgunj Road, Kolkata – 700109, India.

 

Tirtha Poddar
Department of ECE, Narula Institute of Technology, 81, Nilgunj Road, Kolkata – 700109, India.

 

Devapriya Manna
Department of ECE, Narula Institute of Technology, 81, Nilgunj Road, Kolkata – 700109, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-93-49238-47-3/CH24 

Sustainable Solution to the Food Waste Disposal at Workmen Camp | Chapter 4 | Research and Developments in Engineering Research Vol. 7

The object concerning this research is to discover sustainable resolution to the food waste disposal at workmen camp.In current age, food appliance for grinding garbage at workmen camp is one of the bigger problems being confronted via many countries with its own government the world over. In the workmen colony at Chittapur, kalaburagi locality, Karnataka State, India, a chain of kitchens were constructed for browning purpose and some of limited canteens were also worked. Big quantity of drink waste was collected regularly from these eateries and disposed at a faraway place. Food waste is well degradable in nature, except that disposed correctly it causes environmental pollution. Hence, it is very main to identify tenable environmental method to order food waste at laborer camp. An anaerobic digestion plan was adopted. And built an anaerobic digestion arrangement with a capacity of 500 kg per epoch at workmen camp. This establishment is the first show up the construction manufacturing at workmen camp in India. An Anaerobic Digestion has been acknowledged as one of high-quality options that are available for doctoring food waste, in the end it produce methane smoke   and compost accompanying nutrients. Biogas is a combination of CH4 and CO2 about (55:45). Micro-economical benefits by energy and manure substitutes and macro-financial benefits through decentralizing energy era and environmental protection is the main benefit of biogas plant using fare waste at the workmen camp. Biogas generated maybe used for thermal requests such as boiling or for generating power. The digested slurry is a well sustained organic fertilizer and can be used as soil manure. Plant was designed to handle 500 kg of cuisine waste /day. 27 kg LPG was produce from 500kg of kitchen waste and bearing organic fertilizer with plant micro and large-scale nutrients. This maybe used for increasing plants and in agriculture. The annual income has generated Rupees of 10.62 lakh and the annual payment was Rupees of 1.8 lakh. The net benefit of Rupees 8.82 lakh. Payback period is 2.1 years. This process controls the loud noises and fulfilled the idea of reduce, talk over again and energy improvement. This establishment is the first come into sight the construction manufacturing at workmen camp in India. It controls the environmental pollution and fulfilled the idea of Reduce, Reuse, and Energy Recovery.

Author(s) Details:

G. Reddy Babu,
Department of Civil Engineering, Seshadri Rao Gudlavalleru Engineering College, Gudlavalleru-521356, Andhra Pradesh, India.

G. Madhava Kumar,
Chief Manager-EHS, Siemens Large Drives India Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RADER-V7/article/view/11704

Microbial Fuel Cell Technology: Power Generation Using Various Wastewater Sources | Chapter 2 | Research Highlights in Science and Technology Vol. 6

 The increasing risk of global warming, compelled by greenhouse smoke emissions, necessitates crucial advancements in renewable energy beginnings. Among these sources, microbial fuel containers stand out as a promising electrochemical science capable of harnessing strength from diverse wastewater streams. These fuel containers leverage the catalytic activity of living microorganisms to convert the synthetic energy present in organic matter into power.This study explores the application of microbial fuel containers to recover strength from three distinct waste sources: buttery wastewater, sewage wastewater, and urine. Proton exchange membranes were working as electrolytes during test. Notably, the open circuit voltage calculations revealed encouraging results. Dairy wastewater surrendered an observed heat of 0.26V, while sewage wastewater exhibited a larger voltage of 0.46V. Surprisingly, urine showed a comparable open revolution voltage of 0.42V. By converting natural resources into electricity through the catalytic activity of microorganisms, microbial fuel containers offer a promising street to address the pressing challenges posed by worldwide warming and greenhouse vapor emissions.

Author(s) Details:

S. D. Purswani,
Energy Practice Area, Boston Consulting Group, Houston-70010, USA.

S. S. Atkare,
MIT Academy of Engineering, Alandi[D], Pune-412105, India.

G. Bhumkar,
MIT Academy of Engineering, Alandi[D], Pune-412105, India.

M. B. Patil,
MIT Academy of Engineering, Alandi[D], Pune-412105, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHST-V6/article/view/11337

Recovery of Solar Energy for Powering Small Device as Wireless Communicating Nodes | Chapter 05 | Technological Innovation in Engineering Research Vol. 1

 In this study, we built and simulated a solar energy recovery and storage system for wireless sensors. To accomplish so, we created models for each component: the solar panel, the adaptation circuit (in which we used the disrupt and observe command in conjunction with fuzzy logic to determine the MPP), and the energy storage supercapacitor. This research is part of an effort to use wireless sensors and actuators to safeguard Senegal's rice fields against grain-eating birds. Energy consumption is a critical factor in this wireless communication method between things. Indeed, it determines how long applications based on this technology will last. This research developed and modelled a solar energy recovery and storage system for powering wireless sensors. We did this by modelling each component, which included the The supercapacitor for energy storage, the solar panel, and the adaptation circuit, which used the disrupt and observe instruction in conjunction with fuzzy logic to discover the MPP. Supercapacitor technology was also used to store energy in the study. In the research region, the models' simulations produce adequate results for a wireless communication node's independent power supply.

Author(S) Details

Salick Diagne
Gaston Berger University, Saint-Louis, Senegal.

Abdou Karim Farota
Gaston Berger University, Saint-Louis, Senegal.

Ognadon Assogba
Gaston Berger University, Saint-Louis, Senegal.

Bouya Diop
Gaston Berger University, Saint-Louis, Senegal.

Thierry Val
IRIT, University of Toulouse 2, Toulouse, France.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/TIER-V1/article/view/6803

Promising Recovery Directions for Waste Plastic as an Energy Source: A Brief Overview | Chapter 5 | Current Advances in Geography, Environment and Earth Science Vol. 1

 The goal of this research is to present a summary of energy recovery from waste plastics, which could be used as an alternative energy source in the near future. For a developing country like India, energy security and the transition to a thriving low-carbon economy are vital. India may be able to increase its energy security, encourage small businesses and farmers to engage the energy industry, and cut emissions by combining locally produced ethanol with gasoline. However, the increasing use of plastic objects creates considerable disposal issues as well as environmental concerns. Some researchers believe that pyrolysis-produced waste plastic fuel could be utilised to replace fossil fuels. The recycling and disposal of waste plastic has the potential to save and recover a lot of energy. The chemical properties of waste plastic fuel vary based on the type of plastic and the pyrolysis procedure used to make it. The possibilities for recovering energy from waste plastics are examined and summarised.

Author(S) Details

S. Padmanabhan
School of Mechanical and Construction, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India.

T. Vinod Kumar
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Chennai, India.

S. Arunkumar
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Chennai, India.

S. Ajith Arul Daniel
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Chennai, India.

Vijay Ananth Suyamburajan
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Chennai, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/CAGEES-V1/article/view/5186