Research on the Effect of Irrigation Intervals on the Growth and Yield of Quinoa Crop and Its Components | Chapter 14 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 7

 The aim of this experiment was to see how irrigation intervals affected quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa willd) plant growth, yield, and components, as well as some chemical characteristics of the soil after harvest. Quinoa is a plant that is immune to a variety of stresses, including salinity, cold air, high solar radiation, low temperature, and soil pH differences. Three treatments were used in a randomised full block system with four replicates: T1 (twice weekly irrigation, which is typical in the region), T2 (once weekly irrigation), and T3 (once irrigation every two weeks). The crop coefficient (Kc) value varied depending on the stage of development, with the T2 treatment having the highest mean in all traits except the number of seed/m2, and the T3 treatment having the lowest mean in all traits except the number of seed/m2. The results also showed that raising the amount of water reduced agronomic traits like harvest index, number of seeds, seed yield, and straw/m2. It was also discovered that irrigation had no effect on the pH of soils, but had a substantial impact on Ec. Under all studied treatments, the correlation coefficient was negative for the majority of traits and low for the number of grains (0.34), indicating that quinoa is a plant that needs only a small amount of irrigation water. The harvest index, on the other hand, had a good positive association with grain yield (0.92). The findings showed that moisture stress treatments increased ionic, NH4-N, and NO3-N concentrations significantly when compared to soils without moisture stress (T1, T2). We believe that quinoa plant production based on Kc during growth stages aids in irrigation management and precise water application. These findings suggest that the quinoa plant's water requirements are modest, and that the crop's growth and quality are unaffected by a lack of irrigation water.

Author (s) Details

Abdullah M. Algosaibi
Agricultural Environment & Natural Resources Department, College of Agriculture & Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia.

Ayman E. Badran
Genetic Resources Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.

Abdulrahman M. Almadini
Agricultural Environment & Natural Resources Department, College of Agriculture & Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia.

Mohammed M. El-Garawany
Agricultural & Veterinary Research & Training Station, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CRAS-V7/article/view/610

Research on Soil Seed Banks of a Rangeland Area White Nile State, Sudan | Chapter 13 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 7

 At the study site, three soil depths (0 to 5, 5 to 10, and 10 to 15 cm) were selected, and the number of live and dead seeds for each were counted in the soil seed bank. The results of the investigation were as follows: In comparison to the lower soil depths (0 to 5 and 5 to 10 cm), the seed bank density was higher in the upper soil depths (0 to 5 and 5 to 10 cm) (10 to 15 cm). The seed density was discovered to be decreasing as the depth was increased. The density of live seeds ranged from 1015 to 5371 seeds/m2, while the density of dead seeds was 3215 to 6957 seeds/m2. Grass species such as Schoenefeldia gracilis, Brachiaria spp., Dactyloctenium aegyptium, and Aristida spp. were the most common, with Schoenefeldia gracilis, Brachiaria spp., Dactyloctenium aegyptium, and Dactyloctenium aegyptium, and Aristida s Panicum turgidum, Euphorbia aegyptiaca, and Cyperus rotundus were among the dominant species to which the dead seeds belonged. The percentage of dead seeds was also higher than that of live seeds, according to the report.

Author (s) Details

A. K. Elsafori
College of Forestry and Range Science, Sudan University of Science and Technology, P.O.Box 6146, Post Code 11113, Khartoum, Sudan.

A. N. Guma’a
Faculty of Education, University of Khartoum, Sudan.

M. A. El Nour
Faculty of Forestry, University of Khartoum, Sudan.

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Studies on Morphological Variation in the Ladybird Beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) Abdominal Segments in Ventral View | Chapter 12 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 7

 The current research focuses on Ladybird Beetle Morphological Variation (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). The abdomen of a Coccinellidae consists of 1st to 8th or 1st to 9th segments, with the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd segments being visible. The ladybird beetle's abdomen only shows the 4th to 8th ventral segments in males and 4th to 9th segments in females. The abdomen of coccinellids plays an important role in oviposition and predator mimicry. Their parts are more chitinized and flexibly attached to one another, with the last two carrying tarsi or hair. Each species' first abdominal segment has been extensively studied and found to be substantially different. Abdominal form, scale, and colour are all important morphological characteristics in different Coccinellid species. Abdominal form, size, colour, and hairs can vary seasonally in their behavioural activity for finding odours or honeydew in their host plant for complete reproduction. The study found that different Coccinellidae species have their own distinct shape and scale, which is their morphological characteristic. At the same time, various species characters play a major role in their abdominal colour variation.

Author (s) Details

SK. M. Rahaman
Department of Biology, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu Campus, 80110, Finland.

T. Aniszewski
Department of Biology, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu Campus, 80110, Finland.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CRAS-V7/article/view/608

Essential Steps for Developing Rice Harvest Mechanization in Bangladesh | Chapter 11 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 7

 Mechanization can boost agricultural productivity in the long run, particularly when it comes to harvesting and reducing postharvest losses. Knowing the status, issues, and suggestions for harvest mechanisation will be needed to achieve this goal. Based on different agro-climatic conditions and cropping intensity, this study considered 21 upzillas from seven regions (Dhaka, Mymensingh, Sylhet, Comilla, Bogra, Rajshahi, and Rangpur). A total of 126 farmers took part in the interview.

For the knowledge formulation, we used a structural questionnaire and statical analysis. The average cultivable area in the project area ranged from 225 to 1239 decimal. Harvesting is a time-consuming task for farmers, with 97.62 percent of harvesting performed by sickle and just 2.38 percent accomplished by computer. After harvesting the paddy, 44.44 percent of farmers transported it to the threshing yard by head carry, small truck, or manually driven trolley. The paddy threshing activity in Bangladesh is highly mechanised (95 percent ). Closed drum thresher (49.21 percent), open drum thresher (26.19 percent), paddle thresher (16.7%), combine harvester (0.79 percent), and other threshing devices were accessible. The kula is the most common cleaning device in the research area (37.3 percent).

In the study region, a large percentage of farmers (80.95 percent) had machinery, while 19.05 percent of paddy growers did not. Harvesting was a labor-intensive (42.06 percent) and time-consuming process for farmers (36.51 percent ). The transport of harvested paddy was hazardous and painful to the head, shoulder, hand, waist, backbone, leg, and other body parts. In the survey region, the most important benefit of mechanised harvesting was lower labour requirements (36.51 percent), followed by lower rice loss (21.43 percent). All of the farmers who took part in the interview said that they needed machinery and listed agricultural credit with favourable terms, machinery subsidies, and a fair market price for their rice.

Author (s) Details

Bidhan Chandra Nath
PhD Fellow in Agricultural Engineering, University of Southern Queensland (USQ), Australia and Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Bangladesh.

Md. Durrul Huda
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Bangladesh.

Md. Mizanur Rahman
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Bangladesh.

Subrata Paul
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Bangladesh.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CRAS-V7/article/view/607

Study on the Use of Biostimulants in High-density Olive Growing: Quality and Production | Chapter 10 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 7

 The nutritional requirements of the plants are higher per unit area as a result of the increase in high-density holdings, especially of olive trees, implying that a greater contribution of fertilisers to the soil is required. The use of inorganic fertilisers would result in a rise in soil contamination. There is a strong trend nowadays toward the use of environmentally sustainable cropping techniques, with a particular interest in organic fertilisation using products derived from algae and/or crop extracts, which have a high organic matter content and provide the required nutrients to the plant.

Faced with the possibility of soil pollution, our goal is to investigate the impact of biostimulants as an alternative to chemical fertilisers in order to consistently achieve and maintain high quality levels throughout the crop's life cycle. Our goal is to use more environmentally friendly goods in order to meet one of the most significant customer and government demands.

We used five different treatments in this study, in addition to a control treatment with a supply of NPK from inorganic materials, to control fertilisation with a solution made from seaweed extracts. These treatments were applied to two of the most significant olive tree varieties in the current olive tree growing scenario: Arbequina and Koroneiki, over the course of two crop cycles.

The olive trees were planted in a high-density system with a planting structure of 4 x 1.5 m on the farm Pozohondo, which is situated in a crop zone by the Palancia river (Castellón, Valencia, Spain), in the southeast of the Iberian Peninsula. Using a fertigation scheme, we were able to maintain complete control over the holding's nutritional requirements.

We were able to detect variations in the productions of each applied procedure, avoiding any potential prejudices by using 100 randomly selected olives from each sample as a control. The treatment that offers amino acids and extra potassium dependent on amino acids improves the collection of physical characteristics of the olives. We measured the content of fatty acids, tocopherols, and polyphenols in the olive oil obtained from each procedure to assess its consistency. We have conducted an organoleptic taste study in accordance with the International Olive Committee's guidelines (IOC).

When using the potassium and amino acid biostimulant, we saw an increase in the pomological parameters of the olives compared to the other treatments, while the consistency of the soils was unaffected by the form of fertilisation used in each procedure. We increased production by adding various extra biostimulant contributions, which can be said to substitute inorganic fertilisers, at least under our working conditions.

Author (s) Details

Gilberto Hernández-Hernandez
Department of Plant Production, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia, Institute for the Conservation and Improvement of Valencian Agrobiodiversity (COMAV), Spain.

Domingo M. Salazar
Department of Plant Production, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia, Institute for the Conservation and Improvement of Valencian Agrobiodiversity (COMAV), Spain.

Juan Martínez-Tomé
Department of Plant Production and Microbiology, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Spain.

Isabel López-Cortés
Department of Plant Production, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia, Institute for the Conservation and Improvement of Valencian Agrobiodiversity (COMAV), Spain.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CRAS-V7/article/view/606

Monitoring the Changes in Germination Characteristics and Seedling Growth between Storage and Non-storage of Primed Tall Fescue Seed | Chapter 9 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 7

 Seeds are normally sown directly in the field or stored for short periods of time in seed priming studies. Priming allows seeds to be hydrated to a degree that allows pre-germination metabolic activity to occur while preventing radicle emergence. After priming, the seeds may be dried back to their original moisture content. The aim of this study was to see how storage affected tall fescue seed that had been primed. The seeds were primed using hydropriming and osmopriming methods in this analysis. For osmopriming, the water osmotic potential was between -1.5 and -2.2 MPa. The seeds were divided into two groups after drying. The seeds in the first group were packed in aluminium foil bags and held at 25°C for up to a year, while the seeds in the second group were used for an un-stored germination test. In most treatments, germination percentage for primed seeds stored at 25°C for 1 year decreased significantly compared to un-stored primed seeds, but the control seeds (stored non-primed seeds) had the lowest germination value when compared to hydropriming for 1 day. The proportion of stored seeds that germinated was found to be slightly lower. Seeds that had been primed but had not been processed had shorter germination times than seeds that had been primed but had not been stored. Hydropriming can be recommended to increase seed germination efficiency without reducing the survival of tall fescue species, according to the findings. Hydropriming was known to increase germination efficiency without sacrificing durability among all priming treatments. Following storage conditions of F. arundinacea, hydropriming as a physiological treatment improved seed efficiency.

Author (s) Details

Behzad Behtari
Department of Rangeland Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O.Box: 46414-356, Noor, Iran.

Ghasem Ali Dianati Tilaki
Department of Rangeland Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O.Box: 46414-356, Noor, Iran.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CRAS-V7/article/view/605

A Critical Study on the Effect of Seed Priming on the Germination, Seedling Emergence, Yield and Quality of Forage Production in Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb) | Chapter 8 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 7

 In both laboratory and greenhouse conditions, the impact of priming on germination, emergence, yield, and quality of Festuca arundinacea was investigated. Previous priming studies on fescue have only looked at germination and seedling emergence, but the effects of priming treatments on forage quality have yet to be determined. To improve seed germination, a number of priming treatments have been used. Hydropriming and osmopriming are two popular seed priming methods. Hydropriming is the most basic form of hydrating seeds, and it uses the fewest chemicals. Hydropriming (distiller water) and osmopriming in polyethylene glycol 6000(PEG) and KNO3 solution for 1, 3, and 6 days with osmotic potentials of -1.5 and -2.2 MPa were used to treat the seeds. The results of a laboratory germination percentage test showed that osmotic priming with PEG 1.5 for 6 days increased seedling emergence (76.7 percent) compared to the control (p 0.05), while PEG 2.2 MPa for 1 day increased seedling emergence (76.7 percent) in greenhouse conditions (42.5 percent ). Seeds that had been primed had slightly higher fresh weights than seeds that had not been primed. In PEG 1.5 MPa for 6 days, the maximum digestibility percentage of dry matter and crude protein percentage of forage were reported, which showed a significant difference from untreated seeds. The current study found that priming improved germination efficiency, emergence parameters, and quality in both laboratory and greenhouse conditions. The findings indicate that the management theory and decision about priming effectiveness should not be based on absolute laboratory performance measures.

Author (s) Details

Ghasem Ali Dianati Tilaki
Department of Range Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O.Box 46414-356, Noor, Iran.

Behzad behtari
Tarbiat Modares University, Iran.

Mohammad Ali Alizadeh
Research Institute of Forests and Rangeland, Iran.

Ali Ashraf Jafari
Research Institute of Forests and Rangeland, Iran.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CRAS-V7/article/view/604

A Proposed Protocol for Community-based Forest Enterprises: The Case of Non-timber Forest Products | Chapter 7 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 7

 For most non-timber forest products (NTFPs), determining sustainable harvesting levels is a work in progress. Forest Non-Timber Products: Refers to a wide range of biologically produced products and services derived from woods, other wooded property, and trees outside of forests, such as small wood and fuel wood. A monitoring programme should be established to evaluate the health and vitality of the natural resource base on a regular basis. The commercialization of natural resources makes it necessary to handle proactively by tracking, harvesting and replanting, and tree succession plans, despite the fact that there is some knowledge on individual species. The following are important steps in managing natural products in a sustainable manner: Identification and demarcation of the resource base by habitat type (forest, pasture, farmland, rock outcrop, and so on), as well as a map of the positions of different ecosystem types; identification of resource supply areas for preferred products; and volume estimation based on current harvesting, trade, and use. Identify possible risks to the natural resource base's standing stock. In addition to holding community meetings to look at where and how items were harvested, extracted, or obtained in the previous 3 to 5 years, conducting resource inventories of standing stock, conducting user surveys, and engaging resource collectors, Finally, the following logical concerns are discussed and objectively evaluated for business development: enterprise opportunity and location-specific overview of the community forestry subsector, sustainability of forest product supply, regulatory climate and forest resource users/groups, technology, management and finance, and marketing and sales.

Author (s) Details

Dr. Cliff S. Dlamini
Center for Coordination of Agricultural Research and Development for Southern Africa (CCARDESA), Plot 4701 Station Exit Road Private Bag 00357, Gaborone, Botswana.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CRAS-V7/article/view/603

Monitoring the Comparative Effects of Hydropriming and Halopriming on Germination Performance of Secale montanum Guss. Under Salinity Stress | Chapter 6 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 7

 Crop priming is a technique for improving seed germination efficiency in stressful situations. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of Hydropriming and Halopriming on Secale montanum germination output under NaCl-salinity stress. Sodium chloride concentrations of 125, 250, and 500 mM were used for the Halopriming treatments. This experiment was conducted at four different salinity stress levels. With increasing treatment durations and concentrations, the germination percentage in Halopriming showed a substantial decrease. Hydropriming treatment resulted in longer root and shoot length for S. mountanum. S. montanum tends to be salt tolerant to a degree. Halopriming and Hydropriming had negative effects on S. montanum germination and development, according to the findings of this report. Seeds of S. montanum are susceptible to priming techniques, according to the findings of this report.

Author (s) Details

Ghasem Ali Dianati Tilaki
Department of Rangeland Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran.

Seyed Morteza Araghi Shahri
Department of Rangeland Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran.

Mohammad Ali Alizadeh
Research Institute of forests and rangeland Tehran, Iran.

Behzad Behtari
Department of Rangeland Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CRAS-V7/article/view/602

Study on Standardization of Fermentation Time for Foxtail Millet to Blackgram | Chapter 5 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 7

 Fermentation is a simple and cost-effective food processing system for preparing tasty and convenient foods. We tested instant or ready-to-use dosa mixes made from foxtail millet, rice, and pulses (black gramme and green gramme) fermented at 37°C for 6, 12, or 18 hours, depending on the pulse. Different combinations were created by combining these ingredients in different ratios, such as 70 percent foxtail millet, 20% black gramme, 10% green gramme, or 50 percent foxtail millet, 20% rice, 30% black gramme, and 10% green gramme, or 50 percent foxtail millet, 20 percent rice, 20% black gramme, 10% green gramme, and a control of 70 percent foxtail millet. The results revealed that for all combinations and controls, 12 hours of fermentation was needed to produce the best dosa. As compared to control, the first mixture produced better results, with percentage increases in appearance, texture, flavour, and overall acceptance of 3.66 percent, 2.41 percent, 1.18 percent, and 1.19 percent, respectively, with a 7.53 percent decrease in taste and no difference in sourness for both samples.

Author (s) Details

Ms. P. Harichandana
Department of Food and Nutrition, Post Graduate & Research Centre, PJTS Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad – 500 030, India.

Dr. W. Jessie Suneetha
Krishi Vigyan Kendra, PJTS Agricultural University, Wyra 507165, Khammam Dt., India.

Dr. B. Anila Kumari
Department of Food and Nutrition, Post Graduate & Research Centre, PJTS Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad – 500 030, India.

Mrs. M. Tejashree
Department of Agricultural Microbiology & Bioenergy, College of Agriculture, PJTS Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500 030, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CRAS-V7/article/view/601

Innovation Domains for Driving Transformation and Rural Development: The Case of Smallholder Dairying in Zimbabwe | Chapter 4 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 7

 Dairy production in tropical regions has a lot of potential for development, but it also has a lot of challenges. Smallholder dairy production systems are also heterogeneous around the world, with a diverse range of technological characteristics, socioeconomic circumstances, and institutional characteristics. Centered on a survey of 227 households from the Rusitu and Gokwe smallholder dairy projects in Zimbabwe, this chapter addresses large global issues of innovation domains. The researchers used a multivariate analysis approach and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to classify eight major components, and then used Cluster Analysis to identify five distinct innovation domains. Smallholder dairy farmers, smallholder dairy descendants, new and emerging producers, smallholder dairy pioneers, and industrial and market-oriented producers were among the innovation realms. According to the study, innovation domains with more involvement in smallholder dairy innovation networks had higher rates of dairy technology adoption (p 0.01). The net result has been higher reported annual dairy incomes, with total dairy gross incomes of USD4,726 for commercial and market-oriented producers compared to USD2,895 for all innovation domains. This has consequences for household socioeconomic well-being, capacity for reinvestment, and agricultural growth.

Author (s) Details

Dr. Benjamine Hanyani-Mlambo
Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, University of Zimbabwe, P.O.Box MP 167, Mt Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe.

Prof. Maxwell Mudhara
College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.

Dr. Simbarashe Tatsvarei
School of Agribusiness and Entrepreneurship, Marondera University of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Marondera, Zimbabwe.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CRAS-V7/article/view/600

Agroforestry Practices among Farmers in Igabi Local Government Area of Kaduna State, Nigeria | Chapter 3 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 7

 Farmers in the Igabi Local Government Area of Kaduna State, Nigeria, were interviewed about their agroforestry activities. A standardised questionnaire was used to collect data from 100 randomly selected farmers. The farmers' socioeconomic characteristics, degree of understanding and adoption of agroforestry practises, types of agroforestry practises adopted, factors influencing farmers' willingness to adopt agroforestry practises, common tree species retained on the field, and constraints faced by farmers in adopting agroforestry-based farming were all covered in the questionnaire. The frequency, percentage, mean, and probit model were used to analyse the data. The research discovered that males (78.00%) dominated farming activities in the study field, that the majority (96.00%) of the farmers are between the ages of 21 and 60, that the majority (87.00%) of the farmers are skilled, and that the majority (76.00%) of them have more than 5 years of farming experience. Farmers in the study region were aware of and practising various forms of agroforestry systems, including tree retention on the farm (33.00 percent), tree planting along with the retained trees (28.00 percent), taungya farming system (28.00 percent), and alley farming (28.00 percent) (20.00 percent ). The study found that agroforestry methods are widely used (79.00 percent) in the study areas. The most widely used agroforestry method in the study region was tree retention on farmland (31.0%), while shifting cultivation was the least widely used (5.00%). The probit model analysis revealed that farm size (1.1122), farming experience (0.0231), and access to credit (0.1103) were the variables that significantly influenced farmers' willingness to adopt agroforestry practises in the study region at the 10.00 percent probability level. The study also found that Parkia biglobosa and Vitellaria paradoxa were the two tree species most commonly retained on farmland by all respondents (100%), while Eucalyptus camadulensis was the least commonly grown or retained tree species on farmland in the study region (12.00%). However, constraints such as the high capital intensive nature of agroforestry practises (87.00 percent), weak extension service (80.00 percent), insufficient capital (77.00 percent), poor technical know-how of agroforestry practises (45.00 percent), land tenure system (36.00 percent), and lack of access to credit hindered the degree of adoption of agroforestry practises in the study region (13.00 percent ). Improved agroforestry extension services should be provided to farmers in the study region, according to the study; workshops, seminars, and symposia should be organised for adequate training of farmers to understand agroforestry techniques; and farmers should be encouraged to form cooperative societies so that they can have access to resources.

Author (s) Details

O. N. Oladele
Federal College of Forestry Mechanization, P.M.B. 2273, Afaka-Kaduna, Kaduna State, Nigeria.

O. Olukotun
Federal College of Forestry Mechanization, P.M.B. 2273, Afaka-Kaduna, Kaduna State, Nigeria.

U. U. Emeghara
Federal College of Forestry Mechanization, P.M.B. 2273, Afaka-Kaduna, Kaduna State, Nigeria.

J. T. Ayodele
Federal College of Forestry Mechanization, P.M.B. 2273, Afaka-Kaduna, Kaduna State, Nigeria.

B. F. Ishola
Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria, Jericho Hill, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.

M. M. Olorukooba
Federal College of Forestry Mechanization, P.M.B. 2273, Afaka-Kaduna, Kaduna State, Nigeria.

R. Suleiman
Federal College of Forestry Mechanization, P.M.B. 2273, Afaka-Kaduna, Kaduna State, Nigeria.

T. A. Awobona
Federal College of Forestry Mechanization, P.M.B. 2273, Afaka-Kaduna, Kaduna State, Nigeria.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CRAS-V7/article/view/599

Standardization and Evaluation of Cauliflower Stalks Powder Incorporated Products | Chapter 2 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 7

 Despite the fact that the planet provides enough food to feed all, many people suffer from chronic illnesses. Food as medicine has been investigated as a potential treatment for degenerative diseases as science and technology has progressed. These wastes can be reduced if the food generated is efficiently used to provide food protection to the underprivileged, as the two are linked. The use of waste materials to boost the nutritional value of processed foods is a recent trend. The development of aesthetic goods necessitated the study of physical properties of foods as market knowledge increased. Some types of ingredient wastes can be used in a variety of ways, but there is no proof that any of them is cost-effective.

As large quantities of the grain's outer layers are extracted during paddy processing, rice bran is becoming a more valuable source of nutrients for the food industry, human consumption, and supplementation with nutrient dense ingredients to increase the nutritional value of the food. The addition of cauliflower trimmings powder (CTP) to rice bran extrudates and phulkas yielded the best results at 5 and 10%, respectively. CTP was added to rice bran extrudates and phulkas, which enhanced their sensory qualities.

Author (s) Details

Md. Rafiuddin
Post Graduate & Research Centre, PJTSAU, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad – 500 030, India.

Dr. W. Jessie Suneetha
Krishi Vigyan Kendra, PJTS Agricultural University, Wyra 507165, Khammam Dt., India.

Dr. B. Anila Kumari
Post Graduate & Research Centre, PJTSAU, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad – 500 030, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CRAS-V7/article/view/598

A Detailed Study on the Effects of Regulated Deficit Irrigation on the Growth and Yield of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Grown in the Malkerns Area, a Region in the Kingdom of Eswatini (Southern Africa) | Chapter 1 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 7

 In many parts of the world, including Eswatini, water is rapidly becoming an economically scarce resource, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. Deficit irrigation (DI) is a widely used technique for optimising and/or increasing water usage while lowering costs by allowing crops to withstand mild water stress with no or minor yield and quality trait reductions. A field plot experiment at the University of Eswatini's Faculty of Agriculture's Luyengo Campus was used to test the response of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) to deficit irrigation. A randomised block template was used to lay out the treatments. There were four treatments in all, each of which was repeated three times. Treatment 1 (T1) received daily irrigation, treatment 2 (T2) received irrigation after two days, treatment 3 (T3) received irrigation after three days, and treatment 4 (T4) received irrigation after four days. In each procedure, a total of 30 lettuce plants were planted. The lettuce was cultivated for four weeks before being harvested in its entirety. The number of leaves, plant height (cm), leaf area index (LAI), and fresh and dry head mass were all calculated as yield parameters (grams). Fresh and dry lettuce head mass showed significant differences (P 0.01) between treatments T3 and T4. Treatment T3 had the highest water usage efficiency and crop water productivity. Under the conditions of the experiment, it was determined that irrigating lettuce every three days was the best choice for the region. Irrigating every four or more days, on the other hand, will result in slightly lower yields than predicted, potentially resulting in a loss to the farmer.

Author (s) Details

Dr. M. V. Dlamini
Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Eswatini, Private Bag, Luyengo, Eswatini.

S. Zwane
Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Eswatini, Private Bag, Luyengo, Eswatini.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CRAS-V7/article/view/596

A Detailed Comparative Study of RBF Well Yield and River Flow | Chapter 11 | New Ideas Concerning Science and Technology Vol. 6

 Even though it contains no calories or organic nutrients, nontoxic drinking water is essential for all life forms. Nontoxic water sources are becoming increasingly scarce, and contamination of these sources is increasing as a result of excessive extraction from available sources to meet rising water demand and the lack of sanitation infrastructure. In nearly every part of the world, approaches to nontoxic drinking water have improved in recent decades, but approximately one billion people still lack access to safe water, and over 2.5 billion lack access to adequate sanitation. Riverbank filtration is a natural water purification method that involves extracting river water from wells along the riverbank. The yield of a production well is compared to the flow of a river in this study. A pumping test was conducted to determine the yield of a production well in Somlapura, a small town on the banks of the Tungabhadra River in Karnataka, India. The river discharge received from the Water Commission Board was compared to the yield of the River bank well as measured by a water metre (Davangere). Even though the river flow fluctuates, the findings show that the well yield remains constant throughout the observation period. As a result, it is determined that the RBF well produces water at a rate of 330 litres per minute. The average amount of water produced by a well is 0.48 MLD (million litres per day). As a result, at this rate of production, it will be able to serve a population of 3,555 people with 135 LPCDs (liters per capita per day).

Author (s) Details

H. Vijaya Kumar
Department of Water Resource Management, VTU, Belagavi Karnataka, India.

Nagraj S. Pati
Department of Water and Land Management, VTU, Belagavi, Karnataka, India.

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AC Signal Analysis of Bionanosensors for Intermediate Frequency Range | Chapter 10 | New Ideas Concerning Science and Technology Vol. 6

 Furthermore, extraterrestrial super civilizations have discovered us and are based on Earth. Attempts to communicate with these super civilizations are also futile because such communication is only possible at their request. As a result, in order to establish contact, we must persuade super civilizations that human civilization is of interest to them and that it possesses adequate intelligence. It is demonstrated how human superintelligence can be realised. This means that the performance of BNS is unaffected by the method of fabrication. For analysing the sensing mechanisms of BNS, two new methods were developed: Low Pass Filter (LPF) and Curve Fitting (CF). The performance of the BNS was successfully modelled using these methods. Furthermore, evidence is given to elucidate the model's success in explaining DNA hybridization on the sensor surface. The detection of DNA hybridization versus non-hybridization was successfully demonstrated using these models. As a result, the models can not only help with understanding these BNS, but they can also be used to analyse other similar nanoscale devices, extending the applicability of these modelling techniques.

Author (s) Details

Dr. Vishal Desai
Department of Research and Development, NuFlare Technology America Inc., 10 Corporate park drive, Suite C, Hopewell Junction, NY-12533, USA.

Prof. Saion Sinha
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of New Haven, 300 Boston Post Road, West Haven, CT-06516, USA.

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How to Create Human Super Сivilization | Chapter 9 | New Ideas Concerning Science and Technology Vol. 6

 Theoretical and experimental proof of the physical reality of imaginary numbers was introduced using Steinmetz's interpretation of Ohm's law for electrical AC circuits proposed in 1897. There are also other pieces of evidence cited. The application of the general scientific principle of the physical reality of imaginary numbers allowed researchers to demonstrate that the relativistic formulas in the current version of special relativity theory are incorrect, as well as to refute the principle of non-exceeding the speed of light and the Monoverse hypothesis. On the basis of corrected relativistic formulas, a theory of hidden Multiverse is proposed, with parallel universes that are mutually unseen. It explains why they're invisible and how we can see them. The secret Multiverse has a quaternion structure, exists in six-dimensional space, and forms Hyperverse with other Multiverses, according to data obtained by the spacecraft WMAP and Planck. The secret Multiverse's parallel universes are shown to be constantly drifting in multidimensional space, touching each other in a variety of locations, and even partly immersed in each other, forming portals. It has been argued that looking for extraterrestrial civilizations in our solar system or even in faraway space is pointless because you can walk to the unseen parallel universes adjacent to our visible universe through portals, the entrances to which are anomalous zones on Earth. Furthermore, extraterrestrial super civilizations have discovered us and are based on Earth. Attempts to communicate with these super civilizations are also futile because such communication is only possible at their request. As a result, in order to establish contact, we must persuade super civilizations that human civilization is of interest to them and that it possesses adequate intelligence. It is demonstrated how human superintelligence can be realised.

Author (s) Details

Prof. Alexander Alexandrovich Antonov
Independent Researcher, Kiev, Ukraine.

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The Use of Unified Acceptance Technology Model for Travel Mobile Applications | Chapter 8 | New Ideas Concerning Science and Technology Vol. 6

 The Internet now plays a critical role in society's life. It has also altered people's travel habits by making travel more affordable, convenient, and efficient. Recognizing the significant effect of travel apps on the tourism industry, researchers have concentrated their efforts on studies that assess tourists' intentions to use tourism apps. In addition, the Unified Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model, which is a prevalent and new model today, is one of the consumer behaviour models used to research the tourism industry. As a result, the current research is expected to assess locals' willingness to use mobile travel applications using the UTAUT model. In Malaysia, 390 millennials were given self-administered questionnaires, with the IBM SPSS 24 version chosen for data analysis. The UTAUT variable has been linked to behavioural intentions in studies. This research adds to a new perspective on the use and selection of mobile applications, particularly in the tourism industry. It also has practical implications for mobile app developers in terms of feature design, with a focus on passengers.

Author (s) Details

Nurzehan Abu Bakar
Faculty of Hospitality, Tourism and Wellness, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Malaysia.

Nik Alif Amri Nik Hashim
Faculty of Hospitality, Tourism and Wellness, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Malaysia.

Nur Azimah Othman
Faculty of Hospitality, Tourism and Wellness, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Malaysia.

Nur Hafizah Muhammad
Faculty of Hospitality, Tourism and Wellness, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Malaysia.

Tahirah Abdullah
Faculty of Entrepreneurship and Business, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Malaysia.

Siti Nurul Shuhada Deraman
Faculty of Entrepreneurship and Business, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Malaysia.

Siti Afiqah Zainuddin
Faculty of Entrepreneurship and Business, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Malaysia.

Nor Maizana Mat Nawi
Faculty of Hospitality, Tourism and Wellness, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Malaysia.

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Critical Study of Fatigue Behaviour of a Cement Matrix Composite Reinforced by Sugar Cane Bagasse Short Fibers | Chapter 7 | New Ideas Concerning Science and Technology Vol. 6

 The fatigue behaviour of a cement matrix composite reinforced by sugar cane bagasse short fibres is the focus of this research. Understanding its fatigue behaviour is useful for dimensioning components that use it as a material. The goal is to analyse the fatigue behaviour of this material in order to determine its ability to withstand use on wall structures, bracing, and false ceilings. The material mechanical properties were characterised through a series of compression and flexion tests, while the material behaviour was demonstrated through monotonic and cyclic three-point bending tests. Another fairly common representation for the composite is to visualise the variations in material properties as a function of the number of cycles. For the end of test criteria, the Wöhler curves are plotted from the strain stresses and the number of cycles. It depicts the impact of increased stress on the material service life at the point of failure. The Fatigue limit corresponds to the stress line =26.40 MPa, for which no breaking is detected after an infinite number of cycles, and the Endurance limit corresponds to the stress line =26.79 MPa, for which the stress amplitude tends to decrease as the number of cycles increases. We can use this information to control the material's quality by establishing a tolerance interval below which the pieces are considered non-compliant.

Author (s) Details

Acodji V. Pamphile
Laboratory of Energertic and Applied Mechanics (LEMA), University of Abomey-Calavi, 01BP2009, Cotonou, Benin.

Doko K. Valery
Laboratory of Energertic and Applied Mechanics (LEMA), University of Abomey-Calavi, 01BP2009, Cotonou, Benin.

Olodo E. T. Emmanuel
Laboratory of Energertic and Applied Mechanics (LEMA), University of Abomey-Calavi, 01BP2009, Cotonou, Benin.

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Application of Proportional Importance Index in Industrial Hazards Identification and Assessment of Safety Measures in the Chemical Industry | Chapter 6 | New Ideas Concerning Science and Technology Vol. 6

 The identification of hazards and the creation of a safe working environment is a significant challenge for many industries today. As a result, hazard assessments are carried out in workplaces to detect potentially hazardous events and conditions that may result in workplace accidents. Gap analysis on hazard identification and safety management in the workplace was conducted to highlight the level of incompleteness in recent studies on the subject and the need to fill in the gaps in future studies. This research, which took place in both a petrochemical and an oil refining company in Nigeria, identified industrial hazards and evaluated safety measures in the Nigerian Chemical Industry (CHI). Data was collected using a well-structured questionnaire instrument. The research was conducted among chemical industry technical and management personnel whose day-to-day duties expose them to one or more types of hazards in the industry. The questionnaire was given to 96 technical and management staff at the CHI, with 84 (88%) of them completing and returning it. The study looked at the types of hazards, risk awareness, control measures, and the efficacy of safety risks and risk management programmes in Nigeria's chemical industry. The data was analysed using the modified Proportional Importance Index (PII) and a four-point Likert scale. The top ranking risks in the chemical industry are loud noise (PII = 3.2; respondents = 92 percent), working at heights (PII = 3.1; respondents = 89 percent), machine and equipment vibration (PII = 3.0; respondents = 87 percent), high voltage areas (PII = 2.9; respondents = 84 percent), and chemical spills (PII = 2.5; respondents = 55 percent). Workers in the industry had a high level of safety hazard awareness (p 0.05, 95 percent Cl.; PII = 3.1-3.5). Chemical Industry Number 1 (CHI-1) improved from 87.90 percent to 98.09 percent, and Chemical Industry Number 2 (CHI-2) improved from 81.53 percent to 95.54 percent in terms of worker understanding of hazard and danger identification and evaluation in the chemical industries. These hazards endanger workers' safety and should be efficiently managed to keep associated risks as low as reasonably and practically possible (ALARPA).

Author (s) Details

G. C. Afube
World Bank Africa Centre of Excellence in Oilfield Chemicals Research (ACE-CEFOR), University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

Ify L. Nwaogazie
World Bank Africa Centre of Excellence in Oilfield Chemicals Research (ACE-CEFOR), University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

J. N. Ugbebor
World Bank Africa Centre of Excellence in Oilfield Chemicals Research (ACE-CEFOR), University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

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Fire Safety Management in a Typical Higher Institution in Nigeria | Chapter 5 | New Ideas Concerning Science and Technology Vol. 6

 The focus of this research was to fill a gap in the literature on fire safety awareness and practise, as well as to consider human decisions and organisational failures that contribute to school fire disasters. The purpose of the study was to ascertain the level of fire safety awareness and implementation at the University of Port Harcourt. Secondary data was gathered from the University's fire service unit to demonstrate the number of fires that occurred and the major causes of fire incidents. The main data was gathered using questionnaires distributed to 250 people, of whom 220 were returned, representing an 88 percent response rate. The first ten questions were designed as questionnaire parameters to determine the level of fire safety awareness among respondents at the University of Port Harcourt, while the second ten questions were designed to evaluate the University's fire safety implementation/practice. Strongly agree (4), agree (3), disagree (2), and strongly disagree (2) are the four responses (1). The assessment of Kendall's coefficient of concordance (w), that is, the degree of agreement among the respondents, aided data analysis. The respondents had an average level of consciousness and a low level of implementation/practice, according to the findings. Lack of knowledge of the emergency number to call in the event of a fire, lack of a fire safety policy, inadequate provision and inspection of firefighting equipment, lack of inspection and review of previous fire incidents, nonchalant attitude toward turning off electrical appliances after use, electrical installations/repair not being done properly. Kendall's analysis found that the respondents had a high level of agreement on both fire safety awareness (0.78) and fire safety implementation/practice (0.90). To ensure the protection of lives, assets, the environment, and the institution's reputation, the study proposes a fire safety organogram for delegation of responsibilities, basic fire safety training for staff and students, provision and inspection of fire prevention and protective procedures, and employment of qualified personnel to manage electrical works.

Author (s) Details

Brilliance O. Anyanwu
Centre for Occupational Health, Safety and Environment, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

Onyewuchi Akaranta
Centre for Occupational Health, Safety and Environment, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

Ify L. Nwaogazie
Centre for Occupational Health, Safety and Environment, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

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Developing Resistivity Contouring and Plume Mapping of Landfill Leachate Using Electrical Resistivity Method in Warri Metropolis | Chapter 4 | New Ideas Concerning Science and Technology Vol. 6

 The movement of municipal solid waste landfill leachate at the Niger-Cat, Donparkar, and Orhuwhorun dump sites in Warri Metropolis, Southern Nigeria, was studied using the electrical resistivity technique. Landfilling is still the most cost-effective and widely used method of disposing of municipal solid waste (MSW) in both developed and developing countries. Schlumberger array setup was used for both Electrical Resistivity Profiling and Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES). The software packages Surfer 10 and ArcGIS 10.3 were used to interpret resistivity profiling data and make apparent resistivity contour maps of study sites, while the VES data was interpreted using the IPI2Win software package. This computer programme computed the true layer parameters of the geo-electric section by automatically generating model curves using initial layer parameters (resistivity and thickness) obtained from partial curve matching of the field curves with standard curves. The findings showed that leachate had migrated from the dump into the surrounding soil at the Niger-Cat dump site, and contamination had progressed up to a depth of 19.12m, which is within the area's local groundwater system. The findings from the Don-Parkar dump site showed that leachate had migrated into the surrounding soil around the edges of the dump site, and contamination had progressed to a depth of more than 20.7 metres. The resistivity contour map at the Orhuwhorun dump site revealed leachate migration to the south of the dump; however, VES findings showed no contamination, indicating that groundwater in the area is currently safe. Waste managers must use engineered sanitary landfills to dispose of solid waste, and government policy should address this issue to help protect the area's groundwater resources.

Author (s) Details

Mamuyovwi Odia
Centre for Occupational Health, Safety and Environment, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

Ify L. Nwaogazie
Centre for Occupational Health, Safety and Environment, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

Gregory O. Avwiri
Department of Physics, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

Eunice O. Nwachukwu
Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NICST-V6/article/view/170

Modeling Surface and Groundwater Quality near Solid Waste Dump Sites by Multivariate Statistical Approach in Warri Municipality, Nigeria | Chapter 3 | New Ideas Concerning Science and Technology Vol. 6

 Waste produced by human activities typically pollutes water sources. Water resources are depleting around the world, and this problem is exacerbated by population growth and subsequent increases in water demand, particularly in developing countries. The impact of operations at three dump sites in Warri metropolis on surface and groundwater quality was investigated in this study. The water quality of boreholes, dug wells, and stream sources near the Niger-Cat, Don-Parkar, and Orhuwhorun dump sites was tested. Water samples were collected using a purposeful sampling method during the sampling periods of September, November, and January, and the concentrations of water quality parameters were determined. Water Quality Index (WQI) models for monitoring and prediction of water quality in groundwater and surface water around dump sites were simulated using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Multiple Linear Regression (MLR). The goodness of fit (R2) values for the models ranged from 0.9997 to 0.9999. (99 percent ). Boreholes: BH1, BH2, and BH3 had modelled WQI values of 60.9, 8.2, and 41.8, respectively, while dug-wells: DW1, DW2, and DW3 had modelled WQI values of 208.2, 49.3, and 51.5 at Niger-Cat. Don-BH1, Parkar's BH2, and BH3 were 15.5, 30.8, and 36.6, respectively, while DW1 and DW2 were 30.2 and 38.4. BH1 and BH2 were 33.5 and 16.2 at the Orhuwhorun landfill site, respectively; DW1, DW2, and DW3 were 49.7, 40.4, and 21.4, respectively; and Stream SM1 was 8.7. The water at the three dump sites was acidic, and the quality ranged from good to unfit for drinking, according to the findings. The activities of the dump sites, particularly the Niger-Cat dump site, are affecting the water sources around the dump sites, according to this study. It also found that the water in the vicinity of the dumps is acidic.

Author (s) Details

Meriem Sediri
Biomaterials and Transport Phenomena Laboratory (LBMPT), University of Médéa, Ain D’Heb 26000, Médéa, Algeria.

Salah Hanini
Biomaterials and Transport Phenomena Laboratory (LBMPT), University of Médéa, Ain D’Heb 26000, Médéa, Algeria.

Maamar Laidi
Biomaterials and Transport Phenomena Laboratory (LBMPT), University of Médéa, Ain D’Heb 26000, Médéa, Algeria.

Hakima Cherifi
Biomaterials and Transport Phenomena Laboratory (LBMPT), University of Médéa, Ain D’Heb 26000, Médéa, Algeria.

Siham Abbas Turki
Department of Electrics and Computing Engineering, University of Médéa, Ain D’Heb 26000, Médéa, Algeria.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NICST-V6/article/view/169

Study on Dynamic Adsorption of Complex System In Solid-Liquid Phase Modelling Using Artificial Neural Networks | Chapter 2 | New Ideas Concerning Science and Technology Vol. 6

 The aim of this project is to create an ANN model that can predict the dynamic adsorption of a complex system of adsorbent-adsorbate in the solid-liquid phase based on various parameters using an adsorption column. In the input layer, nine neurons were used, while the first and second hidden layers used fourteen and ten neurons, respectively. In the output layer, only one neuron was used. The neural network was tested using a set of 2007 data points. For the hidden and output layers, the Levenberg Marquardt learning (LM) algorithm, logarithmic sigmoid transfer function, and linear transfer function were used, respectively. The ANN generated R2 = 0.9976 and 0.9969 for the total database and validation phase, respectively, between simulated data and those derived from the literature, with a root mean square error RMSE = 0.0268 and 0.0305 for the total database and validation phase, respectively.

Furthermore, Thomas and Bohart-Adams models were used to determine the best model. The neural network model outperformed the root mean square error (RMSE), sum of absolute error (SAE), Chi-square statistic test (X2), and correlation coefficient (R2) models. In general, the established model produces the highest [R2,,] agreement vector values with a root mean square error (RMSE) that is close to zero.

Author (s) Details

Meriem Sediri
Biomaterials and Transport Phenomena Laboratory (LBMPT), University of Médéa, Ain D’Heb 26000, Médéa, Algeria.

Salah Hanini
Biomaterials and Transport Phenomena Laboratory (LBMPT), University of Médéa, Ain D’Heb 26000, Médéa, Algeria.

Maamar Laidi
Biomaterials and Transport Phenomena Laboratory (LBMPT), University of Médéa, Ain D’Heb 26000, Médéa, Algeria.

Hakima Cherifi
Biomaterials and Transport Phenomena Laboratory (LBMPT), University of Médéa, Ain D’Heb 26000, Médéa, Algeria.

Siham Abbas Turki
Department of Electrics and Computing Engineering, University of Médéa, Ain D’Heb 26000, Médéa, Algeria.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NICST-V6/article/view/168

A Critical Comprehension of Effect of Surface Treatment on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Date Palm – Stem Fiber Embedded Epoxy Composites | Chapter 1 | New Ideas Concerning Science and Technology Vol. 6

Natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites are commonly used in a variety of engineering applications due to their outstanding characteristics such as low density, ease of procurement, and superior mechanical properties, but natural fibres are typically hydrophilic. An investigation into a type of natural fibre composite known as date palm-stem fibre composite was conducted in order to develop a new material with excellent water resistance properties that can be used in a variety of applications. Under the current study, the effect of loading date palm-stem fibre on physical and mechanical properties was studied, and appropriate efforts were made to investigate the surface treatment of short fibre based epoxy composites. The characteristics of the treated fibres were observed and compared to those of the untreated fibres. By using a simple hand lay-up technique, composites of various compositions with varying amounts of fibre loading were created, and it was discovered that the effect of fibre surface treatment on the overall properties of composites was quite important. Furthermore, date palm-stem and glass fiber-epoxy based hybrid composites had a lower water absorption rate.

Author (s) Details

Debasmita Mishra
Department of Mechanical Engineering, VSSUT, Burla, Odisha, 768018, India.

Janaki Dehury
Department of Mechanical Engineering, VSSUT, Burla, Odisha, 768018, India.

Satchidananda Tripathy
Department of Mechanical Engineering, VSSUT, Burla, Odisha, 768018, India.

Alok Satapathy
Department of Mechanical Engineering, NIT, Rourkela, Odisha, 769008 India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NICST-V6/article/view/166

Recent Study on Theoretical Foundation of a Human-Techno-Structural Model of Managerial Competencies for the Public Transport of Dry Cargo | Chapter 12 | New Ideas Concerning Science and Technology Vol. 10

 This paper proposes a theoretical and contextual framework for a human techno systemic model (HTSM) of dry cargo auto transportation (DPCAT) managerial competencies in Mexico. To begin, the conceptualization of state-of-the-art is demonstrated through an examination of the theoretical framework relating to management skills models; as a second element, an examination of the contextual framework of applied management skills certification models is currently being demonstrated in the DPCAT sector in order to integrate them into the decision-making process of managers in the metropolitan area of the United States. This also shows the results of a questionnaire that relates managerial competencies to expected performances, as well as the results of this, which served as the foundation for the techno structural approach and its relationship to the individual needs of the manager, resulting in a standardisation proposal based on Leadership, Competency Diagnostics, and Competency Installation. This creation establishes that personal improvements (directive) and intervention in community changes are followed by a cognitive and experiential mechanism that ensures HTSM in the organization's self-sustainability.

Author (s) Details

Eduardo Cruz Aldana
The Metropolitan Polytechnic University of Hidalgo, Tolcayuca, Mexico.

Antonio Oswaldo Ortega Reyes
Institute of Basic Sciences and Engineering, Engineering Academic Area, Autonomous University of Hidalgo, Pachuca, Mexico.

Jaime Garnica González
Institute of Basic Sciences and Engineering, Engineering Academic Area, Autonomous University of Hidalgo, Pachuca, Mexico.

Eva Selene Hernández Gress
Institute of Basic Sciences and Engineering, Engineering Academic Area, Autonomous University of Hidalgo, Pachuca, Mexico.

Carlos Robles Acosta
Ecatepec University Center, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, Ecatepec, Mexico.

Octavio Castillo Acosta
Institute of Basic Sciences and Engineering, Engineering Academic Area, Autonomous University of Hidalgo, Pachuca, Mexico.

Hector Rivera Gómez
Academic Area of Engineering, Autonomous University of Hidalgo, Mexico.

Oscar Montaño Arango
Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Mexico.

José Ramon Corona Armenta
Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Mexico.

Mariana Marcelino Aranda
Instituto Politécnico Nacional- UPIICSA, Mexico.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NICST-V10/article/view/594

Comparision of Accuracy between Multi Implant Impressions While Using Different Splinting and Impression Materials: An In Vitro Study | Chapter 11 | New Ideas Concerning Science and Technology Vol. 10

 The 3-dimensional spatial orientation of intra-oral location of implant fixtures cannot be transferred to the working cast due to movement of impression copings within the impression materials. As a result, an accurate and passive operation is necessary for the long-term success of the implant.

The aim of this in vitro analysis was to see how accurate the master cast was using various splinting and impression materials.

Methodology: A reference mandibular model was created with four internal attachment implants. Using autoplymerizing resin, 36 custom trays were made. The impression material used was polyether and poly vinyl siloxane. The trays were divided into two groups at random, with eighteen trays in each group. Two types of impression techniques were identified: Group I: Open tray impression copings splinted with auto polymerizing acrylic resin in a direct impression technique (GC pattern resin). Community II: Direct impression technique with open tray impression copings splinted with syringable temporization content Pro-temp TM 4 (bis-GMA). As a result, final impressions were created. Using a profile projector, master casts were created and evaluated. These results were compared to those obtained using the reference mandibular model, which was used as a control. A one-way analysis of variance (a=.00) was used to analyse the data, followed by a post hoc Tukey's test (a=.00).

The ANOVA test and the post-hoc test were used to make statistical comparisons. With resin splinted and bis-GMA splinted impression copings, the same amount of deviation values were obtained. When Polyether and poly vinyl siloxane were used as impression materials, there was a major difference in.

Conclusion: The master cast produced using both splinting materials was identical to the reference model. Polyether performed better in the direct technique in terms of precision. Using both of the impression materials used in the analysis, splinting increased the accuracy of transfer in multiple abutments. Both splinting materials deviated from the reference model in a similar amount, so either one can be selected based on ease of handling, time consumption, technique sensitivity, and availability.

Author (s) Details

Pragya Bali
Prosthodontist, Civil Hospital Sundernagar, Himachal Pradesh, India.

Farhat Jabeen
Prosthodontist, Senior Resident, Institute of Dental Science Seorah, Jammu, India.

Poonam Pathania
Luxmi Bai Dental College, Patiala, India.

Harsh Bali
SMO Government Hospital Sundernagar, India.

Shivangi Bali
MCM-DAV College, Chandigarh, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NICST-V10/article/view/593