Environmental Hazards of Chemical Pollution: Assessments and Mitigation | Book Publisher International

 

"Environmental Hazards of Chemical Pollution: Assessments and Mitigation" thoroughly investigates the complex effects and management of dangerous chemicals on human health and ecosystems. After providing an overview of environmental chemistry, the book explores the origins, characteristics, and actions of dangerous substances found in soil, water, and air. It addresses the risks to both acute and chronic health by analyzing their effects on ecosystem resilience, biodiversity, and human populations. Effective risk assessment, management, and sustainable practices are crucial, as demonstrated by international agreements, case studies of notable incidents, and regulatory frameworks. The book explores new developments in green chemistry, emerging technologies, and how chemical safety fits into the larger picture of global sustainability. It also makes the case for teamwork in reducing chemical risks in the future and securing a more sustainable and safe future.

 

Author(s) Details

Theeranat Suwanaruang
Faculty of Science and Health Technology, Kalasin University, Thailand.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-81-977902-5-6

Application of Proportional Importance Index in Industrial Hazards Identification and Assessment of Safety Measures in the Chemical Industry | Chapter 6 | New Ideas Concerning Science and Technology Vol. 6

 The identification of hazards and the creation of a safe working environment is a significant challenge for many industries today. As a result, hazard assessments are carried out in workplaces to detect potentially hazardous events and conditions that may result in workplace accidents. Gap analysis on hazard identification and safety management in the workplace was conducted to highlight the level of incompleteness in recent studies on the subject and the need to fill in the gaps in future studies. This research, which took place in both a petrochemical and an oil refining company in Nigeria, identified industrial hazards and evaluated safety measures in the Nigerian Chemical Industry (CHI). Data was collected using a well-structured questionnaire instrument. The research was conducted among chemical industry technical and management personnel whose day-to-day duties expose them to one or more types of hazards in the industry. The questionnaire was given to 96 technical and management staff at the CHI, with 84 (88%) of them completing and returning it. The study looked at the types of hazards, risk awareness, control measures, and the efficacy of safety risks and risk management programmes in Nigeria's chemical industry. The data was analysed using the modified Proportional Importance Index (PII) and a four-point Likert scale. The top ranking risks in the chemical industry are loud noise (PII = 3.2; respondents = 92 percent), working at heights (PII = 3.1; respondents = 89 percent), machine and equipment vibration (PII = 3.0; respondents = 87 percent), high voltage areas (PII = 2.9; respondents = 84 percent), and chemical spills (PII = 2.5; respondents = 55 percent). Workers in the industry had a high level of safety hazard awareness (p 0.05, 95 percent Cl.; PII = 3.1-3.5). Chemical Industry Number 1 (CHI-1) improved from 87.90 percent to 98.09 percent, and Chemical Industry Number 2 (CHI-2) improved from 81.53 percent to 95.54 percent in terms of worker understanding of hazard and danger identification and evaluation in the chemical industries. These hazards endanger workers' safety and should be efficiently managed to keep associated risks as low as reasonably and practically possible (ALARPA).

Author (s) Details

G. C. Afube
World Bank Africa Centre of Excellence in Oilfield Chemicals Research (ACE-CEFOR), University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

Ify L. Nwaogazie
World Bank Africa Centre of Excellence in Oilfield Chemicals Research (ACE-CEFOR), University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

J. N. Ugbebor
World Bank Africa Centre of Excellence in Oilfield Chemicals Research (ACE-CEFOR), University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NICST-V6/article/view/174

Hazardous Activities and Effects on Market Fire in Nigeria | Chapter 6 | Current Research in Science and Technology Vol. 4

This research investigated the human awareness of hazardous activities and its effects on market fire in Nigeria. Three (3) main markets with high commercial activities selected for this study include Tejuosho market in Lagos, Mile 1 market in Port Harcourt and Ochanja market in Onitsha. Ten hazardous activities were identified within these selected markets. Methods for information gathering include interview, literature review, questionnaire, Occupational Health and Safety Standards (OHSAS) risk estimating procedures and statistical analysis tools. Results showed that human awareness of safety rules has significant effects on the annual level of market fire incident in Nigeria. Analysis of these hazardous activities indicated maximum risk score of 3000 and minimum of 9 for different risk consequences. The relationship of risks to fire incidents were directly proportional indicating that risk at 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000, and 3000 results in 55, 109, 293, 545, 1090 and 1637 incidents respectively. Test of significance (t-statistics) from risk scores caused by hazardous activities at s=100 (major accidents) and s=40 (few accidents) indicated great significant. The study concluded that market fire incidents will significantly be reduced annually if the frequency of hazardous activities were reduced or totally avoided. The researchers recommended the need for fire Professionals to enlighten traders on proper management of hazardous activities before setting up active and passive tools for fire prevention and control. 

Author(s) Details
Professor Ify L. Nwaogazie
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

View Book :-  http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/176