Progress of Research on Seed Priming in Major Field Crops | Chapter 1 | Agricultural Sciences: Techniques and Innovations Vol. 7

 

Seed priming is a pre-sowing technique where seeds are hydrated with solutions of specific osmotic potential for a set period, often with organic or inorganic chemicals at controlled temperatures. This process repairs cell structures, activates enzymes, converts stored materials to energy, and initiates metabolism before germination. Seed priming promotes rapid, uniform germination, dormancy breaking, water and nutrient use efficiency, improved tolerance to environmental stresses, and resistance to diseases. It is an affordable, effective technology that enhances seed performance and early plant development in field crops. Seed priming methods include hydro-priming, halo-priming, hormonal, osmo-, solid-matrix, nutrient, nanoparticle, and bio-priming. Advanced seed priming methodologies such as nanoparticles, gamma-ray, magnetic-ray, and ultraviolet irradiation have prompted concerns regarding their potential adverse effects on plants, human health, and the environment.   The optimal treatment differs between species, cultivar, and seed lots. Such variability is a major limitation of the priming method, and hence, numerous trials are required to identify the most appropriate strategy for each situation. Selection of the right priming technique is crucial for realising optimal results with this cost-effective approach and is a valuable technology for sustainable agriculture.  The review aims at summarising the seed priming principles, mechanisms, and recent research advances made adopting different methods of seed priming and the beneficial effects of seed priming on morpho-physiological and biochemical characters in major field crops such as rice, wheat, maize, sorghum, greegram, blackgram, pigeon pea, chickpea, groundnut, soybean, sunflower and sesame.

 

 

Author(s) Details

N. Sabitha
Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, S.V. Agricultural College, Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University, Tirupati-517 502, Andhra Pradesh, India.

 

N. V. Naidu
S.V. Agricultural College, Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University, Tirupati-517 502, Andhra Pradesh, India.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/asti/v7/6820

Seed Priming: A Promising Technology for Higher Production | Chapter 6 | Research Advances and Challenges in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 9

 

A higher percentage of seed germination and early and vigorous seedling growth leading to uniform plant stand is crucial for better growth and development of the crop. The influence of any crop management practise to increase the yields can’t exceed the limits set by the seed. Seed germination and seedling growth is affected by several factors operating simultaneously in the field finally resulting in variation in crop yield. Major factors include abiotic and biotic stresses. Seed priming, an ancient yet effective technique can address this issue of poor germination and uneven crop stand under stressful situations. This strategy can be used in conjunction with appropriate field management approaches to improve seed quality and germination. Many researchers have studied seed priming in different field crops and realised yield and economic benefits. This chapter helps in understanding the technique of seed priming in detail and its mechanism in improving the yields.

 

Author(s)details:-

 

Polagani Nagarjuna
Department of Agronomy, Agricultural College, Baptla, ANGRAU, India.

 

M. Veerendra
Department of Agronomy, Agricultural College, Baptla, ANGRAU, India.

 

Please See the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/racas/v9/6357C

Effect of Various Seed Priming Methods on Maize Fodder Yield | Chapter 5 | Research Advances and Challenges in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 6

Forage crops are primarily grown for livestock grazing, and they can be fed to animals, or they can be stored as hay or silage to help achieve production goals. In India, there is a deficit of 11.24% in the availability of green fodder and 23.4% in the availability of dry fodder. Seed priming is a pre-sowing technique that improves germination and seedling emergence by soaking seeds in water or a nutrient solution. In this process, seeds are induced into a state of pre-germinative metabolism by controlled rehydration to increase germination rates and germination vigor. The study on the effect of seed priming on yield and quality of fodder maize was carried out at Main Forage Research Station, Anand Agricultural University, Anand during the rabi season 2020-21. The research comprised ten treatments and four replications, and it was set up in a randomized block design. The results of the experiments revealed that different seed priming treatments failed to create a significant response on plant population per meter row length at 15 DAS, days to 50% flowering, and plant height at 20 DAS. The growth and yield attributes of fodder maize crop viz., periodical plant height at 40 DAS and at harvest, number of leaves per plant, leaf stem ratio, green fodder yield, dry fodder yield, dry matter, crude protein, acid detergent fibre and Neutral detergent fibre at harvest were significantly affected by different seed priming treatments and recorded significantly higher in treatment of Seed priming with ZnSO4 @ 0.5% for 6 hrs and also reported maximum net realization with its BCR.

Author(s) Details:

Harsh K. Patel,
Department of Agronomy, B.A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand 388110, India.

H. K. Patel,
Main Forage Research Station, Anand Agricultural University, Anand 38811, India.

P. H. Rathod,
Pesticide Residue Laboratory, Anand Agricultural University, Anand 388110, India.

C. H. Raval,
College of Horticultural, Anand Agricultural University, Anand 388110, India.

D. H. Dudhat,
Department of Agronomy, B.A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand 388110, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RACAS-V6/article/view/14147

Studies on Crop Physiology and Productivity | Chapter 7 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 13

 Understanding crop physiology offers us with intriguing information and expertise that we can use to improve crop management and productivity. Crop physiology is the study of how plants work in both normal and stressful situations. Many physiological characteristics of cereal crops (wheat, rice, sorghum, and barley) have been examined in Iraq over the previous two decades, with promising results. These included physiological aspects of wheat tillering and their relationship to crop management and grain yield, seed priming of rice and sorghum for better seed germination and field establishment, accurate timing of agrochemicals application (e.g. nitrogen fertiliser and plant growth regulators) based on certain critical growth stages to increase grain yield of wheat and barley, and seed priming of rice and sorghum for better seed germination and field establishment (WUE). The goal of these four case studies was to use physiological approaches to improve cereal management and, as a result, increase grain output. The use of a mix of crop physiology and crop management has resulted in significant gains in grain output in several cereal crops. For each case study, full details of the techniques and accomplishments will be shared. Finally, this strategy may be a solid and practical way to boost crop output while conserving water.

Author (S) Details

Khudhair Abbas Jaddoa

Emeritus of crop Physiology, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CRAS-V13/article/view/3818

Monitoring the Changes in Germination Characteristics and Seedling Growth between Storage and Non-storage of Primed Tall Fescue Seed | Chapter 9 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 7

 Seeds are normally sown directly in the field or stored for short periods of time in seed priming studies. Priming allows seeds to be hydrated to a degree that allows pre-germination metabolic activity to occur while preventing radicle emergence. After priming, the seeds may be dried back to their original moisture content. The aim of this study was to see how storage affected tall fescue seed that had been primed. The seeds were primed using hydropriming and osmopriming methods in this analysis. For osmopriming, the water osmotic potential was between -1.5 and -2.2 MPa. The seeds were divided into two groups after drying. The seeds in the first group were packed in aluminium foil bags and held at 25°C for up to a year, while the seeds in the second group were used for an un-stored germination test. In most treatments, germination percentage for primed seeds stored at 25°C for 1 year decreased significantly compared to un-stored primed seeds, but the control seeds (stored non-primed seeds) had the lowest germination value when compared to hydropriming for 1 day. The proportion of stored seeds that germinated was found to be slightly lower. Seeds that had been primed but had not been processed had shorter germination times than seeds that had been primed but had not been stored. Hydropriming can be recommended to increase seed germination efficiency without reducing the survival of tall fescue species, according to the findings. Hydropriming was known to increase germination efficiency without sacrificing durability among all priming treatments. Following storage conditions of F. arundinacea, hydropriming as a physiological treatment improved seed efficiency.

Author (s) Details

Behzad Behtari
Department of Rangeland Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O.Box: 46414-356, Noor, Iran.

Ghasem Ali Dianati Tilaki
Department of Rangeland Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O.Box: 46414-356, Noor, Iran.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CRAS-V7/article/view/605

Monitoring the Comparative Effects of Hydropriming and Halopriming on Germination Performance of Secale montanum Guss. Under Salinity Stress | Chapter 6 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 7

 Crop priming is a technique for improving seed germination efficiency in stressful situations. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of Hydropriming and Halopriming on Secale montanum germination output under NaCl-salinity stress. Sodium chloride concentrations of 125, 250, and 500 mM were used for the Halopriming treatments. This experiment was conducted at four different salinity stress levels. With increasing treatment durations and concentrations, the germination percentage in Halopriming showed a substantial decrease. Hydropriming treatment resulted in longer root and shoot length for S. mountanum. S. montanum tends to be salt tolerant to a degree. Halopriming and Hydropriming had negative effects on S. montanum germination and development, according to the findings of this report. Seeds of S. montanum are susceptible to priming techniques, according to the findings of this report.

Author (s) Details

Ghasem Ali Dianati Tilaki
Department of Rangeland Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran.

Seyed Morteza Araghi Shahri
Department of Rangeland Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran.

Mohammad Ali Alizadeh
Research Institute of forests and rangeland Tehran, Iran.

Behzad Behtari
Department of Rangeland Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CRAS-V7/article/view/602