Changes in Antioxidant Capacities and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities during Drought Stress in the Germination Period of Madura Local Corn Seeds (Zea mays L.) | Chapter 9 | Current Research Progress in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 7

Drought, antioxidant, germination, maize, polyethylene-glycolOne of the major environmental factors of plant growth and productivity is drought stress. A plant that grows under drought stress can have an adverse physiological, biochemical, and morphological effect. It is involved in metabolic responses such as signaling, physiological regulation, and defense responses. The effect of various polyethylene glycol (PEG) concentrations on induced drought stress on the antioxidant capacities and antioxidant enzyme activities was investigated on Madura local maize during germination. Seed samples were treated under 5%, 10%, and 15% of PEG for 6 days. The changes in the antioxidant capacities such as 2,2’-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) and hydroxyl radical scavenging; antioxidant enzyme activities including catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and gene expression were observed during seeds germination. The result showed that the antioxidant activity capacities and enzymes exhibited significantly higher levels in drought-treated conditions. The most effective level of drought stress to elevate the capabilities and enzyme activity of antioxidants, as well as its gene expression, was observed at 15% PEG, whereas ABTS scavenging activity was increased by 20% over the control, hydroxyl scavenging activity up to 14%, CAT and APX activity increased 4 - 5 times over the control. Along with the presence of antioxidant mechanisms, including the capacities and activities of different types of ABTS⁺, hydroxyl, CAT, and APX, might play important roles during the germination phase and be able to manage reactive oxygen species to the normal level under stress conditions. It was concluded that the germination seeds could be used as natural antioxidant agents, and drought could improve antioxidant levels, so this information is beneficial for broader cultivation on suboptimal land.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Agnes Rezkyta Herwang Dani
Graduate School of Biotechnology, Jember University, Jember, Indonesia.

 

Tri Agus Siswoyo
Graduate School of Biotechnology, Jember University, Jember, Indonesia and The Center of Excellence on Crop Industrial Biotechnology, University of Jember, Jember, Indonesia.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crpas/v7/4029

Seed Quality Studies of ‘Egusi’ Melon (Citrullus lanatus Thunb.) [Matsum and Nakai] Harvested at Varied Maturity Stages and at Different Positions on the Mother Plant | Chapter 1 | Current Research Progress in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 7

Egusi melon (Citrullus lanatus Thunb.) is an important exotic vegetable that can increase the income of farmers if high-quality seeds are obtained. This study was conducted in Makurdi, Nigeria during the early cropping session of 2010 to determine the quality of seed as a major prerequisite for successful germination. The bulk crop was raised of two ‘egusi’ melon cultivars (Bara and Serewe) and fruits that developed from date-tagged flowers were harvested at three days intervals from 20 DAA to 47 DAA to monitor seed development and maturation. In another experiment, basal, middle and apex flowers were date tagged as they developed along the growing twine and fruits that developed were harvested at full maturity to monitor seed quality as influenced by fruit position. Although the two cultivars recorded progressive increases in fruit length with age, significant increases between each succeeding harvests were only recorded at 23 and 47 DAA respectively in bara and 41 DAA in serewe. Results indicated that mass maturity was attained between 35 and 38 DAA in the two cultivars and the highest germination percentages of 85 and 87 were obtained at the last harvest (47 DAA) for both cultivars. Germination of fruits positioned at the base and middle showed no significant differences in themselves but was significantly superior to apex fruits. It is therefore concluded that the seed crop of the two cultivars should be delayed for up to 47 DAA or beyond and preference should be given to seeds harvested from the base and middle position of the plant.

 

Author (s) Details

Amali, E. Precious
Department of Crop Production, University of Jos, Nigeria.

 

Kortse, P. Aloho
Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Science, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria.

 

Vange, Terkimbi
Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Science, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crpas/v7/3392

Seed Priming: A Promising Technology for Higher Production | Chapter 6 | Research Advances and Challenges in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 9

 

A higher percentage of seed germination and early and vigorous seedling growth leading to uniform plant stand is crucial for better growth and development of the crop. The influence of any crop management practise to increase the yields can’t exceed the limits set by the seed. Seed germination and seedling growth is affected by several factors operating simultaneously in the field finally resulting in variation in crop yield. Major factors include abiotic and biotic stresses. Seed priming, an ancient yet effective technique can address this issue of poor germination and uneven crop stand under stressful situations. This strategy can be used in conjunction with appropriate field management approaches to improve seed quality and germination. Many researchers have studied seed priming in different field crops and realised yield and economic benefits. This chapter helps in understanding the technique of seed priming in detail and its mechanism in improving the yields.

 

Author(s)details:-

 

Polagani Nagarjuna
Department of Agronomy, Agricultural College, Baptla, ANGRAU, India.

 

M. Veerendra
Department of Agronomy, Agricultural College, Baptla, ANGRAU, India.

 

Please See the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/racas/v9/6357C

Experimental Impact of Drought on Germination of Upland Rice Using PEG 6000 | Chapter 6 | Research Advances and Challenges in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 8

 

This study aims to detect early drought tolerance of upland rice cultivars during germination. Sealing plants with better drought tolerance is especially important in dry environments. However, drought simulation that is controlled and uniformly repeated in the field cannot be easily achieved. Climate change in the form of drought will reduce agricultural production, so it is necessary to develop superior drought-tolerant varieties. This experimental study was arranged with a factorial pattern of two factors using a Completely Randomized Design from September to December 2021 at the Seed Science and Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Tadulako University, Palu, Center Sulawesi, Indonesia.  Twelve cultivars comprised the first factor, while two superior drought-resistant variants served as comparators. The second factor is osmotic stress, namely P0 = control, P1 = -1 bar, P2 = -2 bar, and P3 = -3 bar, so there are 56 treatment combinations repeated four times, so there are 224 experimental units. The observed variables were maximum growth potential, germination rate, radicle length, plumule length, radicle dry weight, plumule dry weight, sprout dry weight, water volume, and germination rate. Delay in seed germination caused by PEG administration up to -3 bar has caused metabolic disturbances such as slower hydrolysis of storage compounds in the endosperm or cotyledons and slower transport of the hydrolyzed material to the axis of the developing embryo under drought conditions.

 

Author(s)details:-

 

Sakka Samudin
Agrotechnology Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Tadulako University, Indonesia.

 

Please See the book here :-  https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/racas/v8/101

Study About Seedling Morphology of Selected Acacia Mill. (Fabaceae) Species and Its Significance in Plant Taxonomy | Chapter 8 | Innovations in Biological Science Vol. 5

 

This study focuses on four commonly found species of Acacia that are mostly found in arid, semiarid, tropical and subtropical region of India: Acacia mangium Willd., A. auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex Benth., A. polyacantha Willd and A. farnesiana (Linn.) Willd. Acacia species have played a major role in the livelihood of local communities of arid and semi-arid areas such as, it provides timber to make furniture, food for humans, fodder for animals, fibers, gum or resin, medicine, in apiculture, energy fuel, kattha, tannins and also, give contribution in soil erosion control, nitrogen fixation, soil improvement, intercropping, boundary or barrier support and provide shade of trees to give relief from sun rays. Acacia species are commonly identified by their reproductive characteristics such as the indefinite number of stamens (more than 10) that are free or united only at the base and a calyx that is in valvate aestivation, pods, etc. In India, Acacia species are found in all climatic regions but they are found to play a major role in arid and semi-arid areas and affect the environment and communities. Twenty seeds of all Acacia species were collected from identified plants and verified seeds from different locations in Rajasthan and India. The seedling is the scarification of the seed coat. After germination, we observe seedling characters and make a dichotomous identification key to distinguish them. Mature Acacia are usually identified and distinguished from other plants by inflorescence and pod characteristics. Seedling taxonomy as a tool gives very significant knowledge about the process of establishment of stable adult traits in mature plants from the juvenile stage. This work presents as an additional tool for distinction at early stages where these reproductive characteristics are absent.

 

Author(s)details:-

 

Vijay K. Meena
Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

 

Soumana Datta
Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.

 

Please See the book here :-https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/ibs/v5/25

Studies on Seed Viability of Some Cowpea Cultivars Inoculated with Single and Mixed Virus Isolates| Chapter 12 | Research Highlights in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 6

 This research proposed at investigating and analyzing the effects of bacterium infections on children quality of few selected cultivars of cowpea. Thus, a field study was transported at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Ahmadu Bello University (ABU), Zaria, Mokwa Station (090211 N and 50135 E, 201 m above sea level) located in the Southern Guinea Savanna zone of Nigeria to gain this. The site was emptied, ploughed, harrowed and crinkled at 0.75 m apart before marked out into plots and replications. The trial was a randomized complete block design (RCBD) copied three opportunities. Three cowpea seeds of each cultivar were planted after fertilizer with Apron – star (methylthiuram + metalaxyl + carboxin) at the of rate 3.0 kg children per 10 g of the fungicide. Seeds were planted at an intra and inter–row organize of 0.30 × 0.75 m along the hills and later thinned to two per stand at 2 weeks following in position or time sowing (WAS). Four independent troubles were conducted together, for single and assorted infections. Twenty-five cultivars of seedlings were introduced at 10 days after sowing (DAS) for the sole viral contamination and at 17 DAS for the mixed bug infection. Seed being was determined at the Crop Production Laboratory, Department of Crop Production, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria. The results presented that all the test cultivars were susceptible to alone and mixed contaminations of the two viruses but to various levels. The viability of sources from single contamination with CMeV was slight in few instances, also, test of increased ageing for four weeks registered that source vigour was seriously injured as compared to the additional three virus situations even when seeds being was not much injured. The test cowpea cultivars also written fewer pods accompanying poor source yield in both distinct and mixed bug infections.

Author(s) Details:

A. A. Ahmed,
Department of Crop Protection, Federal University Dutsin-Ma, Katsina State, Nigeria.

A. C. Wada,
Department of Crop Production, Federal University of Technology Minna, Nigeria and National Cereals Research Institute, Badeggi, Yandev Station, Gboko, Nigeria.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHAS-V6/article/view/8851

Industrial Effluent and Its Effect on Germination and Seedling Growth of Phaseolus aureus Roxb and Phaseolus mungo L.| Chapter 4 | Research Highlights in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 6

 Industrial effluents are the second major source of water pollution and are making the water unfit for both agriculture and domestic use. But these effluents with proper dilution can be used as source of fertilizer in agriculture. In the present investigation, the treated effluent from BHEL was first analyzed for 13 physico-chemical parameters. Seed germination and seedling growth study of Phaseolus aureus and Phaseolus mungo was conducted in the second stage using different concentrations of [10, 25, 50, 75, 100 %] effluent. The percentage germination, shoot and root length, Vigour Index, Relative Toxicity were measured in all these treatments. The biochemical parameters like Protein, Proline, Carbohydrates and Phenol were assessed in plants in all these treatments. The morphological parameters showed increase in 10 and 25% concentration of effluent. The higher concentration had inhibitory effect on all morphological parameters. Vigour Index of the seedling showed decrease in higher concentration of treatment, while relative toxicity exhibited increase with increase in concentration of treatment. Among biochemical parameters protein revealed higher concentration in 10 and 25% treated plants. Other biochemical parameters showed higher values in 75 to 100% concentration. Bangalore being land locked city faces severe water scarcity, reuse of these effluents in agriculture is the best solution to mitigate this problem.

Author(s) Details:

A. G. Malini Shetty,
Department of Botany, Surana College, Bangalore-4, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHAS-V6/article/view/8843

Consideration for Initial Pulse of Germination: A Retrospective Study | Chapter 07 | Research Aspects in Biological Science Vol. 1

 The cell renewal in tissue association is influenced by ultra-weak radiation from living cells. The energy of electromagnetic waves ranging from infrared to ultraviolet light plays a key role here. Exclusion Zones, which are defined by the physical properties of water at the interface of hydrophilic surfaces, suggest that the energy reserve is produced in this zone. There is an energy intake, which is followed by an energy output directed at the biological substance. The combination of these two discoveries, ultra-weak radiation from living cells and the physics of Exclusion Zones, leads to the conclusion that germination is initiated by a physically energetic process. Water's structural and physical qualities are evidently crucial in the germination process. The ripening and germination processes are both influenced by changes in water structure. This structural change is thought to be possible primarily through energetic response.

Author(S) Details

Erich Ebner
Hoher Weg 299425 Weimar, Germany.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/RABS-V1/article/view/6309

Allelopathic Assessment of Extracts of Cashew Leaf and Stem Bark on Cajanus Cajan L. Millsp Seed | Chapter 05 | Research Aspects in Biological Science Vol. 1

 The cashew tree, Anacardium occidentale, is a tough, drought-resistant tropical and subtropical tree. Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) is one of the most significant legumes in semi-arid tropical areas. The researchers looked at the effects of cashew leaf and stem bark extracts on pigeon pea seed germination. It took place in the Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology's laboratory at Michael Okpara University of Agriculture in Umudike, Nigeria. The experiments were carried out in Petri dishes filled with cotton wool that had been sterilised. The seeds were given various concentrations of aqueous extracts of cashew leaves and stem bark, namely 30 percent, 50 percent, and 70 percent, with distilled water serving as a control (0 percent). As the quantities of the aqueous extracts of both the cashew leaves and stem bark rose, they had a substantial (p 0.05) inhibitory effect on the germination percentage and rate of C. cajan. The cashew leaf extracts had the highest value of 70% (80.00%), whereas the control had the lowest value (96.66 percent ). Furthermore, the cashew stem bark extracts had the highest value at 70% (86.66%), while the lowest value was at control (96.00 percent ). The phytochemicals present in the tissues of A. occidentale had a considerable phytotoxic effect on the germination of C. cajan seeds, according to these findings.

Author(S) Details

N. H. Ifediora
Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria.

F. Ukaegbu
Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/RABS-V1/article/view/6307

Assessment of Seasonal Changes in the Germination of Heteromorphic Achenes of Bidens pilosa | Chapter 3 | Current Topics in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 4

 Asynchronous emergence and long emergence durations in weed species are major aspects that make weed management more difficult. Asynchronous emergence of weed species is caused by seed heteromorphism and polymorphism. Bidens pilosa is a weed that is considered noxious. It has heteromorphic achenes that are separated into central and peripheral achenes in its capitulum. Central achenes have longer thorns that face outward from the capitulum, whereas peripheral achenes have shorter thorns that face inward. We anticipated that dimorphic achenes of B. pilosa have diverse seed dispersion methods, and we analysed the difficulties of detachment and seasonal changes in germination to find out. Our findings showed that central achenes were substantially easier to detach than peripheral achenes, implying that central achenes might be utilised for dispersal to larger areas while peripheral achenes may be used for dispersal to smaller areas. Furthermore, central achenes germination rates were higher than peripheral achenes. In May, only the centre achenes germinated well in dark conditions at 20°C. In July, however, peripheral achenes germinated well in dim settings at 20°C and 25°C. This meant that central achenes germinated first (in May), followed by peripheral achenes later in the summer. Our findings also revealed that photoblastic germination in B. pilosa achenes exhibited seasonal variations, with light-induced germination occurring in March and dark-induced germination occurring from May through September. Asynchronous emergence of plants is caused by dimorphic achenes, seasonal changes in dormancy, and photoblastic germination, making it difficult to regulate the spread of B. pilosa.

Author(S) Details

Inagaki Hidehiro
Shizuoka University, Fujieda, Japan.

Kinoshita Takehiro
Shizuoka University, Fujieda, Japan.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/CTAS-V4/article/view/5134

Effects of Seed Treatments Using Extracts of Oxalis barrelieri L. and Cymbopogon citratus Stapf, Coupled with NaCl Sorting on Seed Health, Germination, Emergence and Seedlings Vigor, of Rice (Oryzae sativa L.) Seeds| Chapter 7 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 6

 The antifungal activity of extracts of Oxalis barrelieri and Cymbopogon citratus against Bipolaris oryzae and Fusarium moniliforme was tested, and seed treatment with NaCl was used to improve seed germination and seedling vigour of treated rice seeds. The inhibitory effect of plant extracts against B. oryzae and F. moniliforme was based on the type of extract and concentration. The ethanolic extract of C. citratus at 10000 ppm had the strongest inhibitory effect, inhibiting F. moniliforme and B. oryzae development by 58.51 percent and 55.9 percent, respectively. Rice seeds that had been sorted in a 20 percent NaCl solution had a higher mass (quantify), a germination percentage of 13 percent higher than seeds sorted in water and 20 percent higher than seeds that were not sorted. The weight of rice seeds was found to have a moderately positive and important linear relationship (Rho (78) = 0.427 **, p0.01) with germination. Rice seed germination was stimulated similarly by ethanol extracts of O. barrelieri and C. citratus in green house trials, with 15- 22 percent from the top of paper method and 11-16 percent from the sand method. Rice seed treatments at 1% concentration had the best germination/emergence and decreased B. oryzae and F. moniliforme seed infestation by 25.25 percent and 9.83 percent, respectively. Plants are used to treat stressed seeds. When compared to untreated stressed seed, extracts showed a less pronounced (5%) decrease in germination (26 percent ). Only the associations between germination and F. moniliforme infestation (r (54) = -0.441**, p 0.01) and emergence and F. moniliforme infestation (r (54) = -0.426**, p 0.01) were moderately and statistically important. Rice seeds treated with 20 percent NaCl and/or 1 percent ethanol extracts of Oxalis barrelieri and Cymbopogon citratus showed promise as a green alternative to synthetic fungicides for controlling rice seed-borne infestation, improving seedling vigour, and increasing seed germination and emergence for successful seedling field establishment.

Author (s) Details

Nguefack Julienne
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O.Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.

Fouelefack François Romain
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O.Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon and Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, P.O.Box 814, Maroua, Cameroon.

Dongmo Lekagne Joseph Blaise
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O.Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.

Azah Udom Rene
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O.Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.

Dongmo Nanfack Albert
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O.Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.

Djoufack Metis Molière
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O.Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.

A. P. Obouayeba
UFR Agroforetry, Laboratory of Agrovalorisation, Departement of Biochemistry-Microbiology, Jean Lorougnon Guédé University of Daloa, BP 150 Daloa, Côte d’Ivoire.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CRAS-V6/issue/view/59

The African Blackwood (D. melanoxylon) Seedling Initiation Technicality, (Germinability and Rootability) | Chapter 2 | Recent Research Advances in Biology Vol. 5

 In Dalbergia melanoxylon (African Blackwood), a study was conducted to compare the ability to form seedlings between seed germination in the soil, seed germination in the Murashge and Skoog medium (MS), and cutting rooting to form seedlings. D. melanoxylon, an overharvested species, has a highly valued wood but is not propagated. This is why, in recent years, some attempts have been made to conduct research that can increase seedling development. Around 2 kilogrammes of seeds were purchased from TTSA, and cuttings (root, softwood, and hardwood stem cuttings) were collected from the forest for an experiment at the University of Dar es Salaam's Botany Department in 2010. For soil germination, three treatments (Low, Median, and High moisture level) were used, while for MS germination, two treatments were used (Half strength and Full strength). 35 percent, 70 percent alcohol, and 2.6 percent sodium hypochlorite were used as sterilising reagents. The sterilisation times were 10, 20, and 30 minutes. Softwood, semi-hardwood, hardwood, and root cuttings were propagated using soil inoculated with mycorrhizae in a non-mist propagator. Germination percentage, moisture level, MS concentration, sterilising reagent concentrations and time used to sterilise the seeds, propagator temperature and humidity, and cuttings sprouting percentage were all reported. As defined by Zar, [1], standard procedures were used to analyse and compare germination and rooting data. Germination was highest in the soil at 21%, while it was lowest in the MS at 19.8%. Rooting was 100% in softwood cuttings and 37% in root cuttings, while semi-hardwood and hardwood cuttings did not root at all. Cuttings suggest cutting of established trees, which is not recommended, whereas the two germination mediums (soil and MS) did not vary significantly. To improve seedling development of D. melanoxylon for propagation, more research is required, especially genetic transformation of the species for easy access in tissue culture.

Author (s) Details

Dr. Washa B. Washa
University of Dar es Salaam – Mkwawa College (MUCE), P.O.Box. Private Bag, Iringa, Tanzania.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/RRAB-V5/issue/view/36

Synthetic Seed Production as a Tool for the Conservation and Domestication of Celastrus paniculatus: A Rare Medicinal Plant | Chapter 4 | Recent Research Advances in Biology Vol. 2

 Celastrus paniculatus seed oil contains sesquiterpene alkaloids, namely celapagin, celapanigin, celapanin and celastrol, which are used in the conventional medicinal method for various disorders and are over-exploited in natural environments because of their high pharmaceutical value. Due to poor germination of seeds and a lack of effective methods of vegetative propagation, it seems difficult to domesticate and commercially plant these essential medicinal plant species to meet demand. The production of a reliable and effective in vitro method for producing black oil plants for commercial use is therefore of high importance. In this research, the development of Celestrus paniculatus synthetic seeds through in vitro multiple shoot proliferation was attempted. Nodal segment explants were collected from newly emerged sprouts, sterilised on the surface and cultured in the medium of Murashige and Skoog, supplemented with various shoot induction concentrations of BAP and TDZ. Largest proliferation rate of soot; Used after encapsulation with BAP and NAA enriched sodium alginate for synthetic seed processing. Shoot tip encapsulated beads were firm, clear, round and uniform in size and easy to handle, made with 4% sodium alginate. To determine the effectiveness of encapsulated shoot tips as a propagule, the effect of growth regulators (BAP and NAA) and storage time on the germination of encapsulated shoot tips was studied. The germinated beads with 2 mg/L BAP and 0.2 mg/L NAA produced an in vitro germination percentage of 80%. After storage at 5 ° C for a duration of 8 weeks, shot tips for synthetic seeds remained green and stable. Current findings indicate that as the first step in the domestication and conservation of Celastrus paniculatus, encapsulated micro shoots (synthetic seeds) could be successfully produced. Further studies needed for domestication and conservation purposes on the rooting of micro shoots, acclimatisation and transfer of plantlets produced from synthetic seeds to in vivo conditions are required.

Author (s) Details

Dr. D. L. C. K. Fonseka
Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ruhuna, Mapalana, Kamburupitiya, Sri Lanka.

W. W. U. I. Wickramaarachchi
Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ruhuna, Mapalana, Kamburupitiya, Sri Lanka.

View Book :- https://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/288

Glycemic Index Profiling of Raw and Germinated Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd)| Chapter 10 | Trends in Pharmaceutical Research and Development Vol. 5

 Quinoa contains high biological value proteins, low glycemic index carbohydrates and ⁇ -3 and 6 fatty acid phytosteroids that have health benefits. The key benefit of quinoa is that it meets the rising international demand for gluten-free products in cakes , pastries, pasta and baked goods, along with being a protein substitute in the flour industry. There is a lack of research on glycemic index ( GI) profiling of newly published quinoa varieties, so the current study was taken up to test its GI. Cooked raw and germinated quinoa was administered to 10 subjects and their blood glucose levels were tested for up to 60 minutes every 15 minutes and again for 90 and 120 minutes , respectively. Blood glucose levels after raw quinoa intake ranged from 78.30 to 120.20 mg / dl with a mean fasting level of 96.51 mg / dl and ranged from 68.4 to 114.0 mg / dl for germinated quinoa with a mean fasting level of 96.51 mg / dl. An average 84.2 mg / dl fasting dose. The raw quinoa glycemic index of 70 g with 50 g of carbohydrates ranged from 51.28 to 78.25 with a mean of 63.37, and the glycemic load ranged from 25.64 to 39.12 with a mean of 31.68. The 75 g germinated quinoa glycemic index with 50 g of carbohydrates ranged from 51.2 to 64.7 with a mean of 59.0 and the glycemic load ranged from 25.6 to 29.7 with a mean of 29.54. This quinoa variety can therefore be graded as a food with a medium glycemic index and a high glycemic load. Insulin resistance and the risk of life-style illnesses such as CVD, diabetes and some cancers may be minimised by these diets.

Author(s) Details

Dr. W. Jessie Suneetha
Krishi Vigyan Kendra, PJTS Agricultural University, Wyra 507165, Khammam Dt., India.

Dr. B. Anila Kumari
Post Graduate and Research Centre, Department of Foods and Nutrition, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad – 500 030, India.

View Book :- https://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/303