Impact of Low-pressure Drip Irrigation on Cowpea Yield and Water Use | Chapter 6 | Current Research Progress in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 8

Many small and marginal farmers do not own their land and generally carry out farming on leased land. Apart from the unpredictable climatic conditions, labour shortage and high labour costs have made farming the last choice for the people of Kerala. The comparative study was conducted to evaluate the performance of low-pressure drip irrigation systems and manual hose irrigation in cowpeas. Irrigation time optimized at 30 minutes provided 500 ml of water per plant. Based on the growth stage, the crop water requirement of vegetables was estimated to be 1 to 2.2 litre/day. To meet this crop water requirement, irrigation was done at 4 times intervals i.e., morning twice and evening twice in such a manner 2.2 litre water was irrigated per plant. Thus, drip irrigation conserved 70% water compared to manual hose irrigation. It was found that drip irrigation gave a 33% higher yield than the yield obtained with the manual drip irrigation system. Overcoming severe drought, 1.18 q/ha-cm water use efficiency was recorded in DIS. Low-pressure DIS increased irrigation efficiency by up to 95% than that of the conventional method of irrigation. It was concluded that 70% water savings were observed for drip irrigation by avoiding the over-wetting of the plot which leads to overrun and water loss.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Chithra G.
Agricultural Engineering, ICAR-Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Mitraniketan, Thiruvnanthapuram, 695543, Kerala, India.

 

Binu John Sam
ICAR-Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Mitraniketan, Thiruvnanthapuram, 695543, Kerala, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crpas/v8/4237

Performance Evaluation of Drip Irrigation System in Grapes Field in Tamil Nadu, India | Chapter 3 | Research Advances in Environment, Geography and Earth Science Vol. 3

 

Field evaluation of the drip irrigation unit is important. It is important to establish whether the desired emitter discharge uniformity specifications are being met and to decide whether the system can be operated efficiently. A commercial drip irrigation system was evaluated at a farmer’s field under grapes to study the various parameters, viz., emission uniformity, emitter flow variations and statistical uniformity during the year 2019. The soil characteristics of the experiment field at different profile depths were analyzed and sandy loam soil is available at 0 to 15 cm depth and sandy clay loam is available from 15 cm to 60 cm depths, Irrigation was given daily based on potential evaporation. The soil moisture status during the crop growth period at various depths under the emitter was studied. The soil moisture in the field was maintained in a range of 21 to 23% under drip irrigation in the 60 cm depth irrespective of the duration. During the rainy season when no irrigation was given, the soil moisture fluctuated depending upon the intensity of rainfall. The system performance was good as indicated by the high uniformity coefficient (93%) which indicates that the field was irrigated in a highly uniform manner. In contrast to the rainy period, there is an increase in the soil moisture content with respect to depth. This increase is also identical as reflected by the gradient of the soil moisture profile. The yield was estimated as 27500 kg/ha and water use efficiency was found to be 566 kg.ha/cm. The study revealed that the superiority of drip irrigated soil regime and moisture content in the soil at 60 cm depth was more or less maintained constantly during the irrigation period.

 

Author(s)details:-

 

A. Valliammai
Department of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute, Kumulur, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, India.

 

M. Nagarajan
Department of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute, Kumulur, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, India.

 

E. Sujitha
Department of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute, Kumulur, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, India.

 

Please See the book here :-  https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/raeges/v3/12805F

Late Season Sugarcane Genotype as Affected by Irrigation Water Deficit at the Yield Formation Stage in Ferké, North-Eastern Ivory Coast | Chapter 12 | Current Topics in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 5

 In order to evaluate sugarcane growth and yield response to irrigation water deficit imposed during the yield creation stage, a field trial was conducted in Ferké 2 Sugar mill plantations in northeastern Ivory Coast. The first ratoon harvest was a non-flowering late-season sugarcane cultivar (Co957). The study used a randomised complete block design with four water shortage treatments in three repetitions. It was discovered that the ideal water deficiency was 20% of typical watering treatment. That treatment resulted in a water use efficiency of 7.9 kg cane/m3, or 0.98 kg sugar/m3. A protracted dry season occurred during the yield formation stage, resulting in lower crop growth rates (0.2-0.4 cm/day) and cane yields (24.5-78.4 t/ha). Cane juice quality was notably excellent on the variety employed, which performed moderately under Ferké 2 farming settings, in keeping with the prevailing climatic circumstances.

Author(S) Details 

Crépin B. Péné
School of Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics (STEM)/International University of Grand-Bassam, P.O. Box 564 Grand-Bassam, Ivory Coast.

Marco H. Ouattara
Sucrerie d’Afrique Côte d’Ivoire (SUCAF-CI)/Ferké Sugar mills, 01 P.O. Box 1967 Abidjan, Ivory Coast.

Sylvain G. Koulibaly
Sucrerie d’Afrique Côte d’Ivoire (SUCAF-CI)/Ferké Sugar mills, 01 P.O. Box 1967 Abidjan, Ivory Coast.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/CTAS-V5/article/view/5265

Studies on Crop Physiology and Productivity | Chapter 7 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 13

 Understanding crop physiology offers us with intriguing information and expertise that we can use to improve crop management and productivity. Crop physiology is the study of how plants work in both normal and stressful situations. Many physiological characteristics of cereal crops (wheat, rice, sorghum, and barley) have been examined in Iraq over the previous two decades, with promising results. These included physiological aspects of wheat tillering and their relationship to crop management and grain yield, seed priming of rice and sorghum for better seed germination and field establishment, accurate timing of agrochemicals application (e.g. nitrogen fertiliser and plant growth regulators) based on certain critical growth stages to increase grain yield of wheat and barley, and seed priming of rice and sorghum for better seed germination and field establishment (WUE). The goal of these four case studies was to use physiological approaches to improve cereal management and, as a result, increase grain output. The use of a mix of crop physiology and crop management has resulted in significant gains in grain output in several cereal crops. For each case study, full details of the techniques and accomplishments will be shared. Finally, this strategy may be a solid and practical way to boost crop output while conserving water.

Author (S) Details

Khudhair Abbas Jaddoa

Emeritus of crop Physiology, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CRAS-V13/article/view/3818

Study on Irrigation and Fertigation Scheduling for Sustainable Sugarcane Initiative (SSI) through Subsurface Drip Irrigation | Chapter 6 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 13

Because of the high yield with minimal input, the Sustainable Sugarcane Initiative (SSI) under Sub Surface Drip Irrigation (SSDI) is gaining popularity among farmers. Even if farmers are aware of the benefits of SSI under SSDI, the formulation of an effective irrigation and fertigation schedule is critical. Three years of field trials were conducted at the Agricultural Research Station in Bhavanisagar to determine the best irrigation and fertigation schedule for SSI in the Western Agroclimatic Zone. The experiment was conducted in a three-replication randomised block design. Six treatments were SSDI with three irrigation regimes of 100, 80, and 60% pan evaporation and two fertigation levels of 100 and 75 percent of recommended N & K through fertiga, and two treatments were surface drip irrigation (SDI) with 100 percent pan evaporation (PE) + 100 percent RD and 100 percent PE + 75 percent RD of N&K through fertiga. SSDI with 60% PE + 100% RD of N&K through fertigation had lower water use (1004 mm) and greater WUE (113 kg/ha mm), according to the findings of this study. SSDI with 100 percent PE + 100 percent RD of N&K through fertigation and surface drip irrigation with 100 percent PE + 100 percent RD of N&K through fertigation produced much greater and comparable sugarcane yields (148 t/ha). SSDI with 100 percent PE + 100 percent RD of N&K through fertigation treatment had a greater net return (Rs. 2,09,405 per ha) and B:C ratio (2.6).

Author (S) Details

M. Manikandan

Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Kumulur – 621 712, Tamil Nadu, India.

G. Thiyagarajan

Water Technology Centre, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore – 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CRAS-V13/article/view/3817